Download - Training Course Why Fiber
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
1/60
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
2/60
Kongsberg Maritime
2
Why Fiber?
An Overview of Fiber
Featuresand
Applications
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
3/60
Kongsberg Maritime
3
Overview
Where Is It Used?
Why Fiber?
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
4/60
Kongsberg Maritime
4
Where Is Fiber Used?Tele Company Application
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
5/60
Kongsberg Maritime
5
Where Is Fiber Used?Tele Company Application
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
6/60
Kongsberg Maritime
6
Where Is Fiber Used?
Private Network
Application
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
7/60
Kongsberg Maritime
7
Why Fiber?
High Rates of Information
Low Loss
Immune to Interference
Small Size
Lightweight
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
8/60
Kongsberg Maritime
8
High Rates of InformationCopper vs. Fiber
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
9/60
Kongsberg Maritime
9
Small Size, Light Weight
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
10/60
Kongsberg Maritime
10
Loss
The decrease in power of a transmitted signalover an optical path
Measured in d8 or dB/km
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
11/60
Kongsberg Maritime
11
Immune to Interference
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
12/60
Kongsberg Maritime
12
Small Size
Voice Channels Comparison
COPPER
FIBER
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
13/60
Kongsberg Maritime
13
LightweightVoice Comparison
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
14/60
Kongsberg Maritime
14
Wavelength
Measured in nanometers (nm) or1/billionth of a meter
All wavelengths travel the same speed
in space: 300 million meters/second
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
15/60
Kongsberg Maritime
15
Reflection and Refraction
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
16/60
Kongsberg Maritime
16
Index of Refraction
n= CV
___
n - Index of refraction
C= Velocity of light in free space
V= Velocity of light in a specific medium
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
17/60
Kongsberg Maritime
17
Index of Refraction
n - Index of refraction C= Velocity of light in free space
V= Velocity of light in a specific medium
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
18/60
Kongsberg Maritime
18
What Is The Index of Refraction?
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
19/60
Kongsberg Maritime
19
Reflection and Refraction
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
20/60
Kongsberg Maritime
20
The Bending of Light
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
21/60
Kongsberg Maritime
21
Reflection and Refraction
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
22/60
Kongsberg Maritime
22
Reflection and Refraction
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
23/60
Kongsberg Maritime
23
Fiber Dimensions
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
24/60
Kongsberg Maritime
24
How Small Is a Micron
Fiber Measured in Microns
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
25/60
Kongsberg Maritime
25
Fiber Dimensions
1 micron = 1 millionth of a meter
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
26/60
Kongsberg Maritime
26
Typical Values
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
27/60
Kongsberg Maritime
27
Bandwidth
400 MHz - km - a 400 MHz signal can be
transmitted for 1 km
Lower frequencies can be transmitted longerdistances
Higher frequencies, shorter distances
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
28/60
Kongsberg Maritime
28
What is a Mode
b
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
29/60
Kongsberg Maritime
29
Multimode Step Index
K b M iti
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
30/60
Kongsberg Maritime
30
Multimode Step Index Fiber
K b M iti
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
31/60
Kongsberg Maritime
31
Multimode Graded Index
K b M iti
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
32/60
Kongsberg Maritime
32
Singlemode Step Index
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
33/60
Kongsberg Maritime
33
Dispersion
Spreading of a light as it travels down
an optical fiber
Limits bandwidth
Three types of dispersion1) Modal Dispersion2) Material Dispersion3) Waveguide Dispersion
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
34/60
Kongsberg Maritime
34
Types of Loss
Wavelength vs. Attenuation
AttenuationMicro Bends Imperfections in Fiber
Coupling Loss Splices Connectors Source to Fiber
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
35/60
Kongsberg Maritime
35
Wavelength vs. Attenuation
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
36/60
Kongsberg Maritime
36
Causes of Attenuation
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
37/60
Kongsberg Maritime
37
What Is Numerical Aperture?
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
38/60
Kongsberg Maritime
38
Calculating Numerical Aperture
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
39/60
Kongsberg Maritime
39
Fiber Cable Overview
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
40/60
Kongsberg Maritime
40
Types of Fiber
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
41/60
Kongsberg Maritime
41
Safety
Eye Hazards Laser Light (Invisible or Visible)
Class 1: Low Power Class 2: Visible Bright Beam Class 3:
Type A: Permanent Damage Possible Type 8: Eye wear Required
Objects and Chemicals Clipping Fibers
Hands to Eyes
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
42/60
Kongsberg Maritime
42
Why A Connector
Easy Access To Circuits
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
43/60
g g
43
Connector AnalysisSMADeveloping Company: AmphenolFirst connector style. Only multimode
available. Large installed base.Two types course confusion (905/906).
BiconicDeveloping Company: AT&TFirst U.S. single mode accepted.Large installed base.
STDeveloping Company: AT&TExcellent multimode connector,simple installation.Bayonet connection.
D4Developing Company: NEC2. 0 mm ferrule
FCDeveloping Company: NTTAn angled FC-APC gives excellentreturn loss performance.
SCDeveloping Company: NTTNewest, most advanced connector.Duplex style available.High densitySC11 requires tool.
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
44/60
g g
44
Connector Analysis
Insertion Loss Poor Poor Good Good Good Good
Return Loss N/A Poor Good Good Good Good
Push-Pull Design No No No No No Yes
Footprint Size Small Large Medium Medium Medium Small
2.5 mm Ferrule No No Yes No Yes Yes
Pull Proof No No Yes/No No Yes Yes
SMA Biconic ST D4 FC SC
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
45/60
g g
45
Critical Areas ofFiber Optic Connectors
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
46/60
46
End Face Characteristics
Polish Radius
Apex Offset
Recess/Undercut
Epoxy
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
47/60
47
Interface Geometry
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
48/60
48
Polish Radius
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
49/60
49
Apex Offset
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
50/60
50
Apex Offset
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
51/60
51
Fiber Recess/Undercut
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
52/60
52
PFW In Optical ConnectorsNOTE:PWF is not a problem unless connectors are
intermated with other connectors.
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
53/60
53
Fiber OpticPerformance Parameters
The two most common parameters are:
Insertion Loss
Return Loss
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
54/60
54
Insertion Loss
Insertion loss is a measurement of the amount
of power that is lost in the transitionfrom one optical medium to another.
Affected by: Transverse MisalignmentEnd SeparationAngular Misalignment
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
55/60
55
Return Loss
Affected by: End SeparationPolish QualityDebris
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
56/60
56
Return Loss
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
57/60
57
Transverse Misalignment
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
58/60
58
End Separation
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
59/60
59
Angular Misalignment
Kongsberg Maritime
-
8/14/2019 Training Course Why Fiber
60/60
WORLD CLASS
through people, technology and dedication
A network of ideas Technology inspired by nature Kongsberg at your command