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Trading Kingdoms of West Africa
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Kingdom of Ghana
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Where was the ancient kingdom of Ghana located?
• Western Africa• Along Niger River
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How did Ghana’s location lead to wealth and power?
• To the north was the Sahara- a source of salt.• Ghana had gold.• Trade and control of salt and gold trade routes
made Ghana powerful and wealthy.
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How did the religion of Islam reach Ghana?
• Arab traders and the Almoravids attacked Ghana in an attempt to force Ghana’s leaders to convert to Islam.
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Kingdom of Mali
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Why is Sundiata famous?
• As Mali’s ruler, he won back his country’s independence and conquered many kingdoms.
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Why did Mansa Musa travel to Mecca?
• As a Muslim, it was his spiritual duty to make a hajj to Mecca.
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How did Masna Musa travel to Mecca?
• With a huge number of guards and attendants, along with camels carrying comforts, luxury, and bagsful of gold nuggets, Mansa Musa set out across the desert towards Mecca (walking and with a few camels).
• Along the way, everywhere he went, he freely gave away gold. You can imagine the excitement he generated as he traveled from one oasis to the next.
• To reduce the likelihood of a takeover, he had brought with him on his trip most of the powerful people in his kingdom. He left the army in charge.
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How did Mansa Musa’s belief in Islam affect the country and people of Mali?
• Mansa Musa stressed the importance of reading and writing Arabic so that people could read the Qur’an.
• He sent scholars to study in Morocco, and these scholars later set up schools in Mali.
• He also brought in artists and architects to build mosques in Mali.
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Songhai Empire
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Where did the Songhai people live?
• Along the Niger River in the place where the Kingdom of Mali used to exist.
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Do you think the fact that Askia was a Muslim affected the way that he ruled?
• Possible answer—He might have encouraged education so that people could read the Qur’an.
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Slavery
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How did slave trading change over time?
• At first, black Africans owned slaves who were captured in war, were criminals, or were sold to pay debts.
• Gradually, Muslim traders began selling black Africans in North America
• Eventually, many enslaved Africans were brought to the Americas.