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The World on Oil
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The World On Hydrogen
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The End of Cheap OilThe End of Cheap Oil …
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Oil PRICES ON THE RISE
Average cost of barrel of West Texas Intermediate Crude
2003 20052004 2006
$29
$55
$38
$78
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Top 10 Foreign Suppliers of U.S. Oil
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Hugo Chavez, President of Venezuela: “…use geopolitical power from oil.”
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, President of Iran: “Rich nations should be paying $100 / barrel…”
Energy Security?
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Cars line up to buy gas in China's Guangdong province, August 17, 2005. (China Daily)
*Exxon Mobil Energy outlook
Global Energy
Demand to Grow 60% by 2030*
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Demand will require 40% increase in OPEC Oil
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What about ANWR?
ANWR:1 million barrels / day 10 years from now…
27 million barrels / day
2006 2020
U.S. Consumption of Oil (million barrels /day)
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2006 2010 2020
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Near term:Near term:– Conservation measures
Mid term:Mid term:– Hybrid, flexible fuel, ethanol &
methanol, bio-diesel, better batteries
Long term:Long term:– Transitioning to the hydrogen economy
The Road Ahead
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Near Term - Conservation• The average US family could save 25 % -- up to $400 a year on
its power bill.
• Replace old bulbs with Compact Florescent Lighting (CFL) – saving up to $74 over the life of the bulb and last 8-10 times as long
• Un-plug chargers or plug them into a power strip you can switch off.
• Set your thermostat comfortably high in the summer and comfortably low in the winter
• Adjust your water-heater to 120°F
• Properly inflate tires, keep trunk empty, observe speed limit. - each 5 mph you drive over 60 mph is like paying an additional $0.20 per gallon for gas
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BiofuelsBiofuels
Medium-Term New Sources
Fuel EfficiencyFuel Efficiency
Utilities – Clean techUtilities – Clean techNuclear PowerNuclear Power
Renewables
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Why hydrogen?
•Safe•Abundant•Clean
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Gasoline tank fireHydrogen tank fire
What About Fire?
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• Commitment• Collaboration• Discovery
Our part in theHydrogen Economy
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Commitment
May 25, 1961
"to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to the Earth."
Neil Armstrong: “One small step for man. One giant leap for mankind.” July 20, 1969
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Collaboration
CLEMSON-ICAR
Center for Fuel Cell Research
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DiscoveryHydrogen StorageHydrogen Storage– Needs to be about 300 milesNeeds to be about 300 miles
Fuel CellFuel Cell CostCost – – Now about $110 a kW; Now about $110 a kW;
• Needs to be about $30 per kWNeeds to be about $30 per kW
H2 Cost H2 Cost – – Now $4 gallon of gas equivalent Now $4 gallon of gas equivalent (gge)(gge) Needs to be about $3 gge. Needs to be about $3 gge.
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H-Prize
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• The most non-governmental way government can achieve clear results.
• Provides results-based financial incentives to harness the creative, can-do spirit of Americans.
H-PrizeH-Prize
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H-PrizesH-Prizes
1) Technical Breakthroughs
2) Prototypes
3) Transformational Technologies
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We can. Because we have.
Transcontinental Railroad last spike on May 10, 1869, at Promontory Summit, Utah
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We can. Because we have.
August 15, 1914 the Panama Canal opened after nine years of grueling effort
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We can. Because we have.
July 16, 1945, Manhattan project results in first successful atom bomb test at Trinity Site
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How Long?Transcontinental Railroad1863-1869 6 years
Panama Canal1905-1914 9 years
Manhattan Project1942-1945 3+ years
Moon Landing1961-1969 8 years
Hydrogen economy2003 - ?
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Want to Land an Eagle?
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We can. Because we must.