Download - the space elevator
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The Space ElevatorThe Space Elevator
All Saints’ College of Technology
Presented By:-
Md.Zeya Karim Md.Hisabuddin Ansari
Shabbir Khan
(ME, VI sem)
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What is a Space What is a Space Elevator?Elevator?
• it’s a fixed structure
• designed to
transport material from earth’s surface into space.
• its goal is to replace rocket propulsion.
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The ConceptThe Concept
earth
Climber
cable
counterweight
Center of mass for the elevator
Geosynchronous orbit
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The constituents of a space The constituents of a space elevatorelevator
• Base station / Anchor
• Cable• Climber• Counter weight
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AnchorAnchor
Anchor station is a mobile, ocean-going platform identical to ones used in oil drilling
Anchor is located in eastern equatorial pacific, weather and mobility are primary factors
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Cable : Carbon Cable : Carbon Nanotubes Nanotubes
5km continuous 1% CNT composite fiber
The cable must be made of a material with a huge tensile strength.
A tensile strength of ~65–120 GPa
– Not strong enough yet but a viable plan is in place to get there (Carbon Designs, Inc.)
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Ribbon DesignRibbon Design
The final ribbon is one-meter wide and composed of parallel high-strength fibers
Interconnects maintain structure and allow the ribbon to survive small impacts
Initial, low-strength ribbon segments have been built and tested
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ClimbersClimbers Climbers built with current satellite
technology
Drive system built with DC electric motors
Photovoltaic array (GaAs or Si) receives power from Earth
7-ton climbers carry 13-ton payloads
Climbers ascend at 200 km/hr
8 day trip from Earth to geosynchronous altitude
Power is sent to deployment spacecraft and climbers by laser
Solid-state disk laser produces kWs of power and being developed for MWatts
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Counter WeightCounter Weight
Two dominant methods proposed –
• a heavy object like a space station
• extending the cable itself well past geosynchronous orbit
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Challenges & SolutionChallenges & Solution Induced Currents: milliwatts and not a
problem
Radiation: carbon fiber composites good for 1000 years in Earth orbit (LDEF)
Environmental Impact: Ionosphere discharging not an issue
Malfunctioning climbers: up to 3000 km reel in the cable, above 2600 km send up an empty climber to retrieve the first
Lightning, wind, clouds: avoid through proper anchor location selection
Meteors: ribbon design allows for 200 year probability-based life
Health hazards: under investigation but initial tests indicate minimal problem
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SE Operating BudgetSE Operating Budget
Anchor maintenance5Annual Operating Budget per year in US$M
Climbers 0.2 - 2 eachTracking system 10Anchor station 10Administration 10
Laser maintenance 20Other 30
TOTAL (50 launches) 135
This is ~US$250/kg operating costs to any destination.
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AdvantagesAdvantages
Low operations costs - US$250/kg to LEO, GEO, Moon, Mars, Venus or the asteroid belts
No payload envelope restrictions
No launch vibrations
Safe access to space - no explosive propellants or dangerous launch or re-entry forces
Easily expandable to large systems or multiple systems
Easily implemented at many solar system locations
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ApplicationsApplications Solar power satellites - economical, clean
power for use on Earth
Solar System Exploration - colonization and full development of the moon, Mars and Earth orbit
Telecommunications - enables extremely high performance systems
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The space elevator is a revolutionary Earth-to-space transportation system that will enable space exploration
Design, deployment and operational scenarios for the first space elevator have been put together. Potential challenges have been laid out and solutions developed.
Development of the space elevator requires an investment in materials and engineering but is achievable in the near future with a reasonable investment and development plan.
ConclusionConclusion
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ReferencesReferences
• Space Elevator Concept. LiftPort Group. Retrieved on 2006 March 5.
• David, Leonard (2002). The Space Elevator Comes Closer to Reality.
• The Space Elevator. Institute for Scientific Research, Inc.. Retrieved on 2006 March 5.
• Cascio, Jamais (2005). Ribbons, Sheets and the Nanofuture. Retrieved on 2006 March 5.
• Gassend, Blaise (2004). Animation of a Broken Space
Elevator
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Thank youThank you