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The PlantBy: Teddy Frisk
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Origin of Plant A plant is a multicellular eukaryote. Plants evolved from filamentous green
algae that lived in the ancient oceans. Leafless plants later moved to land.
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Adaptations in Plants As plants moved from the oceans to land, they had to adapt to survive. The adaptations were:
Cuticle; the development of leaves, roots, stems, & vascular tissues.
Alteration of generations; and the evolution of the seed.
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Cuticle
Waxy waterproof coating of stems & leaves of most plants.
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Leaves/Roots/Stems Leaves: Plant organ that grows from a
stem, and usually where photosynthesis occurs.
Roots: Plant organ that absorbs water & minerals from soil.
Stems: Plant organ that provides support for growth.
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Vascular Tissues Tube-like cells where water, food, &
other materials are transported.
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Alteration of Generations 2 stages; the gametophyte generation, and the sporophyte generation (life cycle of plant). Gametophyte generation: All cells are
haploid. Sporophyte generation: All cells are
diploid, & are produced by mitosis & cell division.
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Seed Plant organ that contains an embryo,
along with a food supply.
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Plant Kingdom Grouped into major categories called divisions.
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Nonvascular Plants They are in the divisions
Anthocerophyta, Hepaticophyta, & Bryphyta.
They produce mainly by using spores.
They don’t produce seeds.
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Non-seed Vascular Plants They are in the divisions Psilophyta,
Lycophyta, Arthrophyta, & Pterophyta. Their tissues conduct water & other
materials & reproduce mainly by spores.
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Vascular Seed Plants They are in the divisions Cycadophyta,
Gnetophyta, Ginkgophyta, & Coniferophyta produce seeds on cones.
Male cones & females cones can be on separate plants or the same plant.
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Anthophyta Division It includes vascular, seed-producing
plants that flower. Fruits with seed develop from flowers. Anthophytes are divided into two
groups; monocotyledons & dicotyledons.