The Passover: The Savior’s Last Supper

“Teach of Me”

LDS Extensions

April 12, 2009

QUIZ1. What could the chief priests and scribes not

allowed to do on Passover?2. What type of bread was used at Passover?3. When the disciples rebuked a woman who put oil

on Christ’s head, what did Jesus say?4. After singing a hymn at Passover, where did they

go?5. What were the three political groups in Jerusalem

at the time of Christ’s ministry?6. Give a NT scripture answering “What is life

eternal?”

#2: Matt 26:11, #6 John 7:13

Background

How many celebrated Passover before? What is Passover? Lamb = 10th plague of Egypt/blood on door Christ Last Supper was a Passover meal Haggadah “The telling”

Script you use to tell the Passover (procedure) Back then 2-4 hrs. / now 4-6 hrs. Many of the Brethren celebrate / BYU yearly

Seder

With all due respect to Leonardo Da Vinci… …it didn’t look like

this!

The Passover – Procedure

1. Reclining Feast! • symbol of freedom• triclinium (3-sided, low, U-shaped table)

• Lean on left arm, eat with right, lay on stomach

2. History of the redemption related – Passover!

3. Blessing of the Food – Beginning of the Meal

4. Singing of the Hallel (Psalms 113-118)5. Dipping Feast! (dip the lamb in soupy

mixture) Dip unleavened bread into communal pot

The Passover – Procedure

The Passover – Procedure

6. Seat of Elijah (D&C 110)• returned April 3, on day of Passover that year

7. Today – “Feast of Unleavened Bread”• Why is it not called Passover in modern times? • There is no sacrifice of lamb at temple

The Passover–Gifts to others

1. Incense2. Anoint head with oil3. Drink of Water4. Wash feetHonoring guests was a large part of Passover

The Passover – Seating

1st honorHost

2nd honorchief servant

Oth

er

gues

ts

and disciples Other guests

and disciples Why U-shaped?

Servants serving them

Passover Food

Unleavened Bread (why?) No yeast for bread to rise= quick flight from

Egypt Lamb – Roasted, not boiled

Whole lamb, or a section/piece of lamb Depends on wealth of family

Sop / Honor Communal sop = soupy mixture with pieces

of lamb Put on bread and give to another person =

great honor

Passover would officially close the requirement of animal sacrifices (why were animal sacrifices made in the first place? Adam, Lehi, and others offered

sacrifices Nowadays we remember Christ through

sacrament

Pascal Lamb & Animal Sacrifices

Pascal Lamb & Animal Sacrifices

“From at least the time of the Exodus when Moses led the children of Israel from Pharaoh’s captivity, the Lord’s people had offered the firstlings of their flocks in sacrifice. Hours after the Passover feast in the upper room, the Son of Man shed His blood as an infinite eternal sacrifice, and the shedding of animal blood by the faithful Saints ceased. All sacrifices of the past were fulfilled in Him. Thus Paul testified: “Christ our Passover is sacrificed for us.” (1 Cor. 5:7) From this night forward, the sacrament would point toward the one supreme sacrifice—the Lamb of God.”

David B. Haight, Ensign April 1988

Bitter Herbs Haroset

Sweetness = reminds that bitter can be sweet

Other – olives, fruits, nuts Wine – Four Cups

Passover Food

4 Cups of Wine – Exodus 6:6-7

I will bring you I will deliver you I will redeem you I will take you

Why refill cup four times?

Did Jesus Really Drink Wine?

Wine vs. “Strong Wine” or Strong Drink

Passover wine:

1 part wine / 4 parts water

1 part wine / 3 parts water

For what purpose?

cleaner than available water

Did Jesus Really Drink Wine?

“To consume the amount of alcohol that is in two martinis by drinking wine containing three parts water to one part wine, one would have to drink over 22 glasses! In other words, it is possible to become intoxicated from wine mixed with three parts water, but one’s drinking would probably affect the bladder long before it affected the mind!”

Christianity Today, 20 June 1975

Luke 22:7-13 Luke 22:24-27 John 13:21-27 Luke 22:17-20 John 13:4-8 Matthew 26:30

Passover – What the Gospels Teach:

Passover –LUKE Luke 22:7-13

Jesus is host of Passover verse 12 – large room furnished =

triclinium table Luke 22:24-27

Wanted to know where to sit Peter in chief spot

1st honor

Host2nd honor

chief servant

John 13:21-27 John “leaned on Jesus' bosom”: John by Jesus Christ gave sop to Judas

Very high honor = honored him by loving his enemies to the end

Jesus washes Judas’s feetTried to give every opportunity for Judas to

repentJudas got feet washed, given sop, and put in 1st

honor position at table Ear cut off after betrayal – how did Jesus react?

“Do it quickly” = could refer to many things

Passover – JOHN

Judas

Christ

John Peter

L. Hand

R. Hand

“lean on bosom” = leaned back toward Jesus, who is naturally facing towards his right (because both are leaning on left arm)

The Passover – Seating

Luke 22:17-20 Each person got 4 cups of wine

Refilled, not 4 physically separate cups verse 19–“gave thanks” means “blessed”

(sacrament)

Bless bread, then break bread (ANCIENTLY) How is modern sacrament done differently?

Break the bread, then bless it Christ broken then blessed = resurrected

Passover –LUKE

John 13:4-8 Gave the common Passover gift of washing feet

Means that Christ is the Host “You don’t understand, Peter, why I (Christ) do

it [washing feet] but you will later.”verse 8– Peter will take over church after Jesus

Christ washed feet to teach and show Peter how the leader of the church acts

Passover – JOHN

Something new is added by Matthew…

Matthew 26:30 Hymn of thanks = hamal

Psalms 114-118

Passover – MATTHEW

Luke 22:17-18 “until Kingdom of God come” = 2nd

Coming D&C 27:2

Matter not what used for sacrament D&C 27:5

Christ will drink of vineAdam-ondi-Ahman

Passover – LUKE

Sacrament is like weekly baptismif we are living worthy

Bear Record of Him

“Significant, too, is the fact that the Son of God commenced His earthly ministry with an ordinance—baptism—and ended His ministry with an ordinance—the sacrament. Both bore record of His death, burial, and resurrection.”

David B. Haight, Ensign April 1988

First, if you will let your heart be drawn to the Savior and always remember Him and if you will draw near to our Heavenly Father in prayer, you will have put on spiritual armor. You will be protected against pride because you will know that any success comes not from your human powers. And you will be protected against the thoughts which come rushing in upon us that we are too weak, too inexperienced, too unworthy to do what we are called of God to do to serve and help save His children. We can have come into our hearts the reassurance recorded in Moroni: “Christ truly said unto our fathers: If ye have faith ye can do all things which are expedient unto me” (Mor. 10:23).

Henry B. Eyring Promises and Blessings of Remembering

There is another sure promise. It is this: Whether or not you choose to keep your covenant to always remember Him, He always remembers you. I testify that Jesus Christ, born in Bethlehem, was and is the Only Begotten of the Father, the Lamb of God. He chose from before the foundations of the earth to be your Savior, my Savior, and the Savior of all we will ever know or meet. I testify that He was resurrected and that because of His Atonement we may be washed clean through our faith to obey the laws and accept the ordinances of the gospel.

Henry B. Eyring Promises and Blessings of Remembering

Henry B. Eyring

I promise you that you will feel the influence of the Holy Ghost touch your heart as you search the scriptures with new purpose and as you pray earnestly. From that, you will have the assurance that God lives, that He answers prayers, that Jesus is the living Christ, and that He loves you. And you will feel your love for Him increase.

Henry B. Eyring, Liahona, Dec 2005, 9

Promises and Blessings of Remembering