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The Nervous System:A Basic Blueprint
chapter 1
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• Function of the Nervous System?
• Two main parts of the nervous system?
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The Central Nervous System
• Central Nervous System- Define• Parts- 1)
2)• Spinal Cord- Define
– Spinal Column- Define– Spinal Reflexes- Define
• Example
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The Peripheral Nervous System
• Peripheral Nervous System- Define
– Sensory Nerves- Define
– Motor Nerves- Define
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• Divided into 2 Parts-1)Name, Define and Example
2)Name, Define, and ExampleDivided into 2 Parts-1) Name and Define
2) Name and Define– How do they work together?
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Communication in the Nervous System
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• Neuron- Def• Glia- Def• Neurons often called?• Estimated amount of neurons?
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The Structure of the Neuron
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The Structure of the Neuron• 3 main parts?• Dendrites- Def• Cell Body-Def• Axon- Def
– Axon Terminals-Def• Neurons 2 jobs?• Myelin Sheath
– 2 jobs?• Nerves- Def
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The Structure of the Neuron
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Neurons in the News
• Regeneration- Explain• Do mammals produce new CNS cells?• Stem Cells- Def
– What can promote the production of new cells?
– What can hurt?– Debate on Stem Cell Research?
• Besides embryo’s where do they get stem cells?
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How Neurons Communicate
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How Neurons Communicate• Synaptic Cleft- def• Synapse- Def
– When do they form?– What should a parent do to help?– How long does forming and pruning last?
• Plasticity- Def• Action Potential- Def
– Explain unmyelinated-• Example
– Explain myelinated-
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How Neurons Communicate
• Synaptic Vessels- Def– Explain
• Neurotransmitter- Def• Receptor Sites- Def
– Effects• Excitatory- Def and Explain• Inhibitory- Def and Explain
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How Neurons Communicate
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Chemical Messengers in the Nervous System
• 1) Neurotransmitters: Versatile Couriers– Where do they exist?– What can they affect?– More well known neurotransmitters:
• Serotonin-Explain• Dopamine- Explain• Acetylcholine- Explain• Norepinephrine- Explain• GABA- Explain• Glutamate
– Name 3 problems that can occur and why?– What do they warn you about? Why?
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• 2) Endorphins: The Brains Natural Opiates– Endorphins- Def– What roles do they Play?– Who discovered them?– When do endorphins “shoot up?”– What does this give animals? Give
examples?
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• 3) Hormones: Long-Distance Messangers– Hormones- Def– Endocrine Glands- Def– How do they work?– Examples of Hormones
• a) Melatonin- Explain• b) Adrenal Hormones- Explain
– Cortisol- Explain– Epinephrine- Explain– Norepinephrine- Explain
» How can it improve memory? Give Example
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• c) Sex Hormones- Explain– Androgens- Explain– Estrogens- Explain– Progesterone- Explane