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The Nature of Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching
Evi Sofiawati
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approach
technique
method
Edward Anthony, 1963
Techniques carry out a method which is consistent with an approach
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Edward Anthony, 1963
Simplicity & comprehensiveness to distinguish the underlying theoretical principles and the practices derived
Sufficient attention to the nature of a method itself
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REVISION & EXTENSION OF THE ORIGINAL ANTHONY
MODELapproac
hmethod
technique
d e s i g n
procedureA method: theoretically related to an
approach, organizationally determined by a design, & practically realized in procedure
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The Nature of Language
APPROACHAPPROACH
Language Learning
1. Process-oriented
2. Condition-
oriented
1. Structural
2. Functional
3. Interactional:
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APPROACH: theoretical principles
T H E O R I E S
P R A C T I C E
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D E S I G D E S I G NN
The Objectives
The Syllabus
The Types of Activities
The Roles of Learners
The Roles of TeachersThe Role of Instructional Materials
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DESIGN: teaching activities from theoretical principles
A C T I V I T I E S
ACTUAL MOMENT-TO-MOMENT TECHNIQUES, PRACTICES, & BEHAVIORS
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PROCEDUREPROCEDURE
The Presentation
The Practice
The Feedback
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However, this model does not imply that methodological development proceeds neatly from approach, through design, to procedure.
Methods can develop out of any of the three categories.
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T H A N K Y O U