Download - The Major Religions of the World
![Page 1: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Major The Major Religions of the Religions of the
WorldWorld
![Page 2: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
How Many Do You Know?
List all of the RELIGIONS of the world that you can think of.
WORLD RELIGIONS
![Page 3: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
We will study these….
Judaism Hinduism Buddhism Christianity Islam
![Page 4: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What are the characteristics of a religion?
![Page 5: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What is a Religion?
Religion – an organized system of beliefs, ceremonies, practices and worship that centers on one or more gods
![Page 6: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Monotheism vs. Polytheism
Mono – “one” Poly – “many” Theism – the belief in god What do these terms mean?
![Page 7: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Timeline info…
![Page 8: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Note-Taking Format
Important Text and Places Important People Symbols Rituals and Celebrations General Information
![Page 9: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
World Religion Populations
![Page 10: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
World Religion #1Judaism
![Page 11: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Judaism
14 million people world wide 1st “monotheistic” religion in history The Torah, or Jewish holy book, teaches
the basic laws of Judaism
![Page 12: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Judaism The universal symbol of Judaism is the
Star of David, the emblem of King David who ruled the Kingdom of Israel from 1000 – 962 BC
![Page 13: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Ritual, Worship & Celebration
At age 13 Jewish children enter into the religious community– Bar Mitzvah – Men– Bat Mitzvah - Women
House of Worship– The Synagogue
Leadership– Religious services are conducted by a rabbi
(“teacher”)
![Page 14: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Ritual, Worship & Celebration Many Jews make the pilgrimage to the “Wailing
Wall in Jerusalem– Built in the 2nd century BCE– Remains of a temple that had stood for close to 500 years
• Destroyed by the Romans
– Thought to be the most sacred of places– Temple itself was thought to be the place where God
resides on earth. Praying at the Wailing Wall signifies being in the
presence of the Divine
![Page 15: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The “Wailing” Wall
![Page 16: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Ritual, Worship & Celebration
What is “Kosher”– Strict dietary laws– Forbids the eating of “unclean” animals such
as pigs or shellfish– Dictates how certain foods should be prepared
Important Jewish holy days include:– Chanukah, Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, and
Passover
![Page 17: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Review Questions & Homework What is the holy book of Judaism? What is the role of rabbi in Jewish
tradition? What does the term “kosher” refer to? HOMEWORK (Due tomorrow)
– Define and explain: • Chanukah• Rosh Hashanah• Yom Kippur• Passover
![Page 19: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
History of Christianity
Founded c.33CE in Palestine– Founded by Jesus and his followers– Jesus is believed to be the messiah
The most important symbol is the Cross– Symbols the death of Jesus
Currently, main locations are: – North America– South America– Europe
![Page 20: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Christian Population throughout the World
![Page 22: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Christianity Facts
Over 2B followers…largest religion in the world Major Sects
– Roman Catholic (RCC)– Eastern Orthodox (EO)– Protestant
House of Worship– Church or Chapel
Leaders of the Church – Hierarchy of priests and Pope (RCC) and (EO)
![Page 23: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Christianity Beliefs
Sacred Text– The Bible (Old and New Testament)
Important Rituals & Worship Practices– The Seven Sacraments
• Baptism & Communion are two examples
Major Holidays– Easter and Christmas
Belief in God– One God (a trinity of Father, Son, Holy Spirit)
![Page 25: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
The Cathedral of The Resurrection of Christ in Saint Petersburg
![Page 26: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Review Questions
Why is Jesus Christ central to the Christian religion?
What do Christians hope to achieve by following the teachings of Jesus Christ?
![Page 27: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
World Religion #3Hinduism
![Page 28: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Hinduism Third largest religion in the world
– Over 800 million followers
One of the oldest surviving religions– Formulated by 1500BCE
Basic principles are found in The 4 Vedas – sacred writings
Priests are called Brahmins There is no one “leader” or “founder” It is the major religion of India
![Page 29: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Early Hinduism
Polytheistic Religion– Thousands of deities– One universal spirit – Brahman– Three Major Gods
• Brahma, Vishnu, & Shiva
Reincarnation – passing through many lives to reach the Brahman
Karma – consequences of how a person lives
![Page 30: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Hinduism Beliefs God in Hinduism is the Supreme Being
– Everywhere, all-knowing, and all-powerful
The purpose of life is to obtain liberation from the cycle of reincarnation– People reach true enlightenment and happiness
when they free themselves of earthly desires
![Page 31: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Hinduism Information Rituals
– Worship at home and in temples
– Temples can have multiple shrines to gods
– Worship as individuals and families, not as a congregation
![Page 32: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Hinduism Information Sects
– Shaktism • Shakti – supreme
Goddess
– Vaishnavites • Vishnu – the Preserver
– Shaivites • Shiva – the Destroyer
– Reform Hinduism• Monotheistic & more
“western”
![Page 33: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Hinduism Information Celebrations
– Diwali• Hindu New Year
– Festival of Holi• Triumph of good over
evil
– Pilgrimage to the Ganges River in India
• Hindus believe the river has healing powers
![Page 34: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Hinduism Review
According to Hindu beliefs What is the importance of the Ganges River in India?
What are the three main gods of Hinduism?
![Page 36: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Who is the Buddha? Founder-Siddhartha Gautama (c.520BCE)
– Known as the Buddha or “enlightened one”
Present spiritual leader -Dalai Lama– Head of Buddhist Church
4th largest religion in the world today– Over 300 million followers– Mainly found in China, Japan, Korea, SE Asia
![Page 37: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Buddhist Beliefs Purpose of life is to escape the cycle of
rebirth (reincarnation) and attain nirvana– Nirvana – a state of wisdom– All living things can be reincarnated
• Animals can possibly be reborn into humans
How to achieve Nirvana?– Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path– Key to happiness was detachment from all
worldly goods and desires
![Page 38: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Buddhism Information Worship Practices
– Meditation – deep thought & reflection
– Offering of gifts of food, flowers, or candles
Rituals– Importance of the lotus
flower• Believer can blossom
while rooted in the impurity of the world
![Page 39: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Buddhism Information
Major Buddhist Sects– Theravada
• As close as possible to Buddha’s teachings
– Mahayana• More accepting of the
changing world
![Page 40: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
The Dalai Lama – The present spiritual leader of Buddhism
![Page 42: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Current Population of Worldwide Buddhism
![Page 43: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Buddhism Review
According to the Buddha, how does a person achieve happiness and fulfillment?
Why do Buddhists take special care as to not kill a living being?
![Page 45: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
History of Islam
Founded in 622CE– Founded by Muhammad in Saudi Arabia
• Muhammad is considered to be a prophet– A messenger of Allah (God)
Two Major Sects (split c.650CE)– Sunni– Shi’a (or Shiite)
• Leader of Muslim community must be a descendant of Muhammad’s son-in-law (Ali)
![Page 46: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Muhammad
![Page 47: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Islamic Beliefs
Five Pillars of Islam– Faith
• Allah is the one true God
– Prayer • Five times a day
– Charity • Giving to the poor
– Fast • During Ramadan
– Pilgrimage to Mecca
![Page 48: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Islamic Beliefs
One God – Allah Believe in all the prophets
of Judaism and Christianity
Holy Celebrations– Id al-Fitr
• End of Ramadan Fasting
– Eid al-Adha• End of Islamic calendar
![Page 49: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Islamic Beliefs
Sacred Text– Qur’an (Koran)– Hadith
Religious Law– Sharia
House of Worship– Mosque
Leaders of the Religion– imams
![Page 50: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Islam Facts Second largest religion in the world
– Over 1 billion followers Month of Ramadan
– Muslims fast during the day– Most important day is the “Night of Power”
• The night that the angel Gabriel 1st spoke to Muhammad
Major Areas in the World– Middle East– SE Asia
![Page 52: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Blue MosqueIstanbul, Turkey
![Page 53: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
![Page 54: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
![Page 55: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Islam Review
What is the most important night of Ramadan? Why?
What are the Five Pillars of Islam?
![Page 56: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
World Religion #6Mormonism
![Page 57: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Mormonism
The Church of Ladder-Day Saints (LDS)– Followers are known as Mormons
Founder-Joseph Smith– Translated a sacred history of the Americas,
known as the Book of Mormon in 1830
![Page 58: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
![Page 59: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
The Mormon Church
Way of Life– Belief in prophets (Gordon B. Hinckley)– God (Father), Christ (Son), & the Holy Ghost
are three separate individuals– Must give up alcohol, tobacco, coffee, tea– Must give 10% of income to church– House of Worship: Temple or Church
![Page 60: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
San Diego Mormon TempleSan Diego, California
![Page 61: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Salt Lake TempleSalt Lake City, Utah
![Page 62: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
The Mormon Church
Sacred Texts– The Book of Mormon, the Christian Bible,
Doctrines & Covenants
Current Headquarters: Salt Lake City, UtahTo Achieve Salvation: Faith and works…
works are emphasized (missionary) Today there are more than 12 millions followers,
half outside the US
![Page 63: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
![Page 64: The Major Religions of the World](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020721/5681367d550346895d9e0a5a/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
END