![Page 1: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION
AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY
![Page 2: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
THE ELECTION OF 1800
Thomas Jefferson (Democratic-Republican) vs. John Adams (Federalist)
While Jefferson defeated Adams by 8 electoral votes, he tied his running mate, Aaron Burr
Vote went to House of Reps–With help from Hamilton, Jefferson prevailed (Led to 12th Amendment)
3rd President of the U.S. 1800-1808
![Page 3: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
MARBURY v. MADISON
John Adams, attempts to “pack” the Federal courts with Federalists Judges
Jefferson argued this was unconstitutional
Supreme Court Chief Justice Marshall rules in Marbury v. Madison (1803) that part of the Judicial Act was unconstitutional
Established principle of Judicial Review – the ability of the Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional
![Page 4: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
THE LOUISIANA PURCHASE
By 1803, French leader Napoleon had abandoned his dreams of an American Empire
He needed money to fight European wars, so he accepted Jefferson’s offered of $15,000,000
More than doubled the size of our country
Lewis and Clark ordered to go explore new territory
![Page 5: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
LEWIS AND CLARK EXPEDITION
Lewis and Clark were commissioned by Jefferson to explore the Louisiana Purchase and look for a water route to the Pacific
Sacajawea, an American Indian woman, served as a guide and translator
![Page 6: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
LEWIS AND CLARK EXPEDITION
![Page 7: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Embargo Act of 1807
Britain and France were impressing soldiers
Jefferson passed the Embargo Act which barred trade with any foreign port
New England threatened to succeed from the US. Put sailors out work and hurt US economy.
Failed because Britain and France found other sources
![Page 8: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
THOMAS JEFFERSONCrash Course
![Page 9: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
INTERMISSION
![Page 10: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
MADISON ELECTED PRESIDENT
After two terms, Jefferson is succeeded by James Madison
Madison was two-term President 1808-1816
Known as the “Father of the Constitution, Madison also is known for his leadership during the War of 1812
4th President 1808-1816
![Page 11: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
CAUSES FOR WAR OF 1812
Causes: British “impressment” (seizing Americans at sea and drafting them into their navy) upset Americans
British Impressment of U.S. seamen upset Americans
![Page 12: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
WAR OF 1812 – U.S. vs. BRITAIN
Causes: British “impressment” (seizing Americans at sea and drafting them into their navy) upset Americans
The War: 1814 – British sack D.C. Burn White house
Andrew Jackson leads great victory in New Orleans
Treaty of Ghent signed, Christmas Eve, 1814
British Impressment of U.S. seamen upset Americans
![Page 13: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
RESULTS OF WAR OF 1812
Results of the war included:
End of the Federalist Party (opposed war)
Encouraged industries in U.S.
Confirmed status of U.S. as a strong, free, and independent nation
Despite the burning of the President’s mansion, the U.S. emerged strong
![Page 15: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
NATIONALISM SHAPES POLICY
James Monroe was elected president in 1816
Immediately, Nationalism clearly established as key concern of administration
Treaty with Britain to jointly occupy the Oregon Territory
Adams-Onis Treaty (1819) secured Florida & southern- most areas of SE America
![Page 16: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
THE MONROE DOCTRINE
In the early 19th Century, various European countries hinted at increased colonization
In his 1823 address to Congress, Monroe made it clear to Europe: Don’t interfere with Western Hemisphere (Monroe Doctrine)
![Page 17: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
What idea does this political cartoon convey?
![Page 18: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
THE AGE OF JACKSON: SECTION 2
During a time of growing Sectionalism, Andrew Jackson’s election in 1828, ushered in a new era of popular democracy
![Page 19: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
REGIONAL ECONOMIES CREATE DIFFERENCES
The Northeast continued to develop industry while the South and West continued to be more agricultural
The Industrial Revolution reached America by the early-mid 19th century
New England first to embrace factory system
Especially in textile (fabric) mills
![Page 20: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
SOUTH REMAINS AGRICULTURAL
Meanwhile, the South continued to grow as an agricultural power
Eli Whitney’s invention of the Cotton Gin (1793) made producing cotton even more profitable
The South became a “Cotton Kingdom”
More labor was needed – 1790 = 700,000 slaves
1820 = 1,500,000 slaves
Cotton Gin quickly separated cotton fiber from seeds
![Page 21: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
BALANCING NATIONALISM AND SECTIONALISM
Economic differences created political tension between North & South
As the regions moved apart, politicians attempted to keep nation together
House Speaker Henry Clay’s American Plan called for a protective tariff, a National Bank, and an improved infrastructure to help travel
![Page 22: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
THE MISSOURI COMPROMISE
In 1818 settlers in Missouri applied for statehood
Northerners and Southerners disagreed on whether Missouri should be admitted as a “free” state
Henry Clay organized a compromise in which Missouri was “slave” but Maine would be “free”
Also Louisiana Territory split at 36 30’ north latitude HENRY CLAY: THE GREAT
COMPROMISER
![Page 23: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
MISSOURI COMPROMISE 1820
![Page 24: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
ELECTION OF ANDREW JACKSON
Jackson, hero of the common man, won election in 1828 in part because the right to vote had been expanded to more citizens
In the 1824 election, won by John Quincy Adams, 350,000 white males voted
In 1828, over 1,000,000 white males voted
Many of the new voters supported the rugged westerner Jackson who also won re-election in 1832
ANDREW JACKSON IS ON THE $20 BILL
![Page 25: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY
As part of his political philosophy, Jackson sought to grant political power to the common people
Called The Spoils System or Jacksonian Democracy, Jackson hired his own supporters to replace the previous administration’s staff
Jackson gave away many jobs to his friends and political allies
![Page 26: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
INDIAN REMOVAL ACT - 1830
Congress, with Jackson’s support, passed the Indian Removal Act in 1830
Under this law, the federal government funded treaties that forced tribes west
The Cherokee Tribe in Georgia refused and were supported by the Supreme Court
Jackson refused to abide by the Court decision Jackson said, “John Marshall (Supreme Court
Chief Justice) has made his decision, now let him enforce it.”
Trail of Tears followed the Court ruling as U.S. troops rounded up the Cherokee and drove them west, mostly on foot. . .thousands died
![Page 27: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
INDIAN REMOVAL - 1830
![Page 28: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
TARIFF OF “ABOMINATION”
In 1824 and again in 1828, Congress increased the Import Tariff of 1816
Southerners called the 1828 Tariff, “a Tariff of Abominations,” and blamed it for economic problems in the South
THE NORTH
THE SOUTH
TARIFFS
![Page 29: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
NULLIFICATION THREAT
In an attempt to free South Carolina from the tariff, John Calhoun (Jackson’s VP from S.C.), developed the Theory of Nullification
He believed if a state found an act of Congress to be unconstitutional, it could declare the law void within its borders
Tensions only relieved by a Clay Compromise Tariff in 1833
![Page 30: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
JACKSON’S BANK WAR
Jackson opposed National Bank so he created Pet Banks – so called because they were favored by Jackson’s Democrats
Many felt Jackson was acting more like a King than a president
In 1832, his opponents formed a new party – the Whigs
![Page 31: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
PANIC OF 1837
In 1836, Democrat Martin Van Buren won the Presidency
He inherited problems from the “Bank Wars”
Jackson’s Pet Banks printed money without Gold backing
In 1837 a panic set in and many banks closed, accounts went bankrupted, and unemployment soared
MARTIN VAN BUREN 1837-1841
![Page 32: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
HARRISON & TYLER
Whig William Henry Harrison defeated Democrat Van Buren in the election of 1840
Harrison, known as “Tippecanoe” for a battle he won against natives, died a month into his term
His VP, John Tyler became president HARRISON
1841
TYLER 1841-1845
![Page 33: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
MANIFEST DESTINY: SECTION 3
In the 1840s Americans became preoccupied with expansion
Many believed that their movement westward was predestined by God
Manifest Destiny was the belief that the U.S. would expand “from sea to shining sea”
![Page 34: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
UNITED STATES EXPANSION BY 1853 - MANIFEST DESTINY
![Page 35: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
FAMOUS TRAILS WEST
No highways existed, thus wagon trails served as the roads to the West
Santa Fe Trail ran from Independence, Missouri to Santa Fe, New Mexico
Oregon Trail stretched from Independence to Oregon City, Oregon
Mormons especially utilized the Oregon Trail on their way to Salt Lake City
![Page 36: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
MEXICO CONTROLS TEXAS
After 300 years of Spanish rule, Mexican settlers felt at home in Texas territory
Mexico won their independence from Spain in 1821 and Texas was theirs
Mexican officials offered land to Americans to make the area more stable
Americans soon outnumbered Mexicans in Texas – trouble started
![Page 37: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
TEXAS INDEPENDENCE
Stephen Austin established a colony of Americans in Texas
Conflicts intensified between Mexicans and Americans in Texas
One issue was the slaves many Americans had brought with them
Mexico had outlawed slavery in 1829
![Page 38: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
REMEMBER THE ALAMO
Mexican President Santa Anna was determined to force Texans to obey Mexican law
Santa Anna marched his troops toward San Antonio – at the same time Austin issued a call to arms for all American Texans
American forces moved into a mission known as the Alamo in 1836
After 13 days the Mexican troops scaled the walls and slaughtered all 187 AmericansTHE ALAMO IN SAN ANTONIO
![Page 39: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
MEXICAN-AMERICAN WAR
1844 presidential election winner, James Polk, eagerly wanted to annex Texas as part of the U.S.
Negotiations failed and U.S. troops moved into Mexican territory in 1845
America victories soon followed, and in 1848 Mexican leader Santa Anna conceded defeat
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was signed – U.S. gets (larger) Texas, New Mexico & California
MEXICAN PRESIDENT SANTA ANNA
![Page 40: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
CALIFORNIA GOLD RUSH
After gold was discovered at Sutter’s Mill, migration to California rose from 400 in 1848 to 44,000 in 1850
Folks who rushed to San Francisco in 1849 became known as Forty-niners
By 1857, the total amount of gold mined in California topped $2,000,000,000
![Page 42: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
THE MARKET REVOLUTION: SECTION 4
The first half of the 19th century in America, brought vast changes to technology, transportation, and production
Known as the Market Revolution, people increasingly bought and sold goods rather than make them for themselves
A 19th century market
![Page 43: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
NEW INVENTIONS HELP ECONOMY
1837 – Samuel Morse invented the Telegraph
Railroads were becoming faster and more numerous by 1830 surpassing canals as # 1 means of transport
Robert Fulton invented the Steamboat and by 1830, 200 were on the Mississippi
John Deere’s Plow and Cyrus McCormick’s Reaper improved agriculture
By 1854, 23,000 miles of telegraph wire crossed the country
![Page 44: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
WORKERS SEEK BETTER CONDITIONS
In 1834, Lowell, Massachusetts textile workers went on strike after their wages were lowered – one example of the dozens of strikes in the U.S. in the 1830s and 1840s
Several industries formed the National Trade Union in 1834 in hopes of bettering their conditions
STRIKES AND UNIONS BECAME
MORE NUMEROUS AFTER 1830
![Page 45: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
REFORMING AMERICAN SOCIETY: SECTION 5
The Second Great Awakening spread Christianity through revival meetings
Another growing religious group was the Unitarians who emphasized reason as path to perfection
Ralph Waldo Emerson was a Unitarian preacher who developed Transcendentalism
These and other religions became the impetus for reforming society
RALPH WALDO EMERSON
![Page 46: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
THE ABOLITIONIST MOVEMENT
1820s: Abolitionist movement to free African Americans from slavery arose
Leader was a white radical named William Lloyd Garrison
Abolitionist called for immediate emancipation of all slaves
![Page 47: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
FREDERICK DOUGLASS: AFRICAN AMERICAN LEADER
Freed slave, Frederick Douglass escaped from bandage and became an eloquent abolitionist (critic of slavery) leader
He began an anti-slavery newspaper called, Northstar – named after the star that guided runaway slaves to freedom
![Page 48: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
TURNER’S REBELLION
The vast majority of African-Americans were enslaved in the South and were subjected to constant degradation
Some rebelled against their condition
Most famous revolt was led by Virginia slave Nat Turner
Turner led 50 followers in a revolt killing 60 whites – he was caught and executed
Turner plans his rebellion
![Page 49: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
WOMEN AND REFORM
From abolition to education, women worked actively in all reform movements
Throughout the 1800s opportunity for women to become educated increased
1833: Oberlin College became first coed institution
![Page 50: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
WOMEN’S RIGHTS MOVEMENT EMERGES
Reform movements of the 19th century spurred the development of a Women’s movement
For example, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott had both been ardent abolitionists
In 1848, more than 300 women participated in a Women’s Right convention in Seneca Falls, N.Y.
![Page 51: THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19 TH CENTURY](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649e605503460f94b5b218/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Two pioneers in women’s rights: Elizabeth Cady Stanton (left) and
Susan B. Anthony