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The essence of time in policy
and design Radioactive waste management strategy in The Netherlands
Jan Boelen
COVRA NV
IAEA, Vienna
23 November 2016
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CONTENTS
• The Netherlands
• Governance / Policy
• COVRA Pragmatic solutions
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SOLUTIONS FOR THE NETHERLANDS
• small amount of waste
• high ground water table
• high population density
• high environmental
awareness
• advanced spatial planning
17 million people
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RADIOACTIVE WASTE
• 2 nuclear power plants
1 operating (500 MWE)
1 shut down(GKN 1997)
• 2 research reactors
• industry
• medicine
• research
• U-enrichment plant
Waste inventory (1982-2015)
HLW: 100 m3
LILW: 11.000 m3
NORM: 17.000 m3
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PRAGMATIC DISPOSAL SOLUTIONS
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CLASSICAL TRIANGLE
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IMC APPROACH
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RWM POLICY THE NETHERLANDS
• polluter pays
• One central radioactive waste management organisation
• all waste managed and owned by COVRA
• capital growth fund within COVRA
• all waste managed at one industrial site
• at least 100 years storage, in buildings
• deep disposal after 100 years stable policy since 1984!
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INTEGRATED WASTE MANAGEMENT
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IMAGE OF THE FUTURE
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Store for 100 years
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REQUIREMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
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FINDING A SITE
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Please, mister can we have our ball?
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SITING CRITERIA
• Normal industrial activity
• Risk perception: not close to
living areas
• Long term acces to skill pool:
industrial area
• Good accessability; road ,
train, water
• Access to water for cooling
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Final selection based on:
public acceptance
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TRANSPARANCY IN DESIGN
LLW treatment building
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TRANSPARACY IN OPERATIONS
- EVERYBODY WELCOME
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SAFE = BEAUTIFUL
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METAMORPHOSIS
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
1 10 100 1000 10000
Watt
Time (years)
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2003
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2023
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2043
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2063
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2083
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2103
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EXTENSION OF METAMORPHOSIS
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EXTENSION OF METAMORPHOSIS
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A SPECIAL EFFECT: TWICE A YEAR
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NEW DEPLETED-U STORAGE
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THE ESSENCE OF TIME
Stable long term policy
Not in a remote site
Active knowledge management
Manageable
Openness