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THE E-COMMERCE LEGAL ENVIRONMENT
Bangkok, November, 2002
David Marsh
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Legal Issues
E-COMMERCE DEFINED
“Electronic commerce covers any form of business or administrative transaction or information exchange that is executed using any information and communications technology”
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Legal Issues
DEMATERIALISATION
Ease of reproduction
Difficulty of detecting alteration
Absence of originality
Anonymity of source
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Legal Issues
LANGUAGE IN STATUTES
Document
Writing
Signature
Instrument
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Legal Issues
COMMUNICATION I
Face to face
Post
Telegraph/telegram
Telephone
Telex
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Legal Issues
COMMUNICATION II
Fax
EDI (Electronic Data Interchange)
The internet
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Legal Issues
THE ROLE OF THE UN
UNCTAD
UNCITRAL
UN/CEFACT
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Legal Issues
TECHNICAL STANDARDS
TRADACOMS
UN/EDIFACT
ANSI X 12
HTML
XML
Eb/XML
OASIS
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Legal Issues
LEGAL SYSTEMS
Common law
Civil or Roman law
Scandinavian law
European Law
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Legal Issues
TYPES OF SOLUTIONS
Contractual
Legislative
Self regulatory
International convention
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Legal Issues
INTERNATIONAL ISSUES
Contractual forms
Technical Standards
Data Protection
E-Commerce IP issues
Security and cryptology
Criminal issues
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Legal Issues
THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST
Facilitation
Regulation
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Legal Issues
SECURITY
Technical security
Commercial security
Legal security
National security
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Legal Issues
SECURITY II
Monitoring
Intercept capability
Service provider “black boxes”
Commercial cost
Tipping off
Lawful business practice
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Legal Issues
SIGNATURES
Requirements of form
Mechanical signatures
Intention to sign
Proof
The EU Digital Signatures Directive
National legislation
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Legal Issues
VALID SIGNATURES!
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Legal Issues
ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES
Standardisation of technology
Recognition of root authorities
Harmonisation of commercial codes
Modernisation of enforcement procedures
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Legal Issues
INTERCHANGE AGREEMENTS
TPAs
long term relationships
repeatable dataflows
secure payment
agreed standards
call-off processes
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Legal Issues
UN/CEFACT RECOMMENDATIONS
Recommendation 26 - TPAs
Recommendation 31 - Contract formation
Recommendation 32 - Codes of conduct
Current work
— Certification authority standards
— ODR
— ebXML legal issues
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Legal Issues
FISCAL ISSUES
“…… should we tax the internet?”
“How should we tax the internet?”
Direct and indirect taxes
International aspects of taxation
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Legal Issues
DATA PROTECTION
Data protection EU directive
Registration
Personal data
Consent
Confidentiality
Proper use
Correction of errors
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Legal Issues
OTHER CURRENT ISSUES
Hacking
Spamming
Viruses
Bombing
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Thank you for listening
Questions
DAVID MARSH