Download - THE DIENCEPHALON DIENCEPHALON
THE DIENCEPHALON DIENCEPHALON
Inst. of Anatomy, 2nd Medical Faculty R. Druga THE DIENCEPHALON
EPITHALAMUS THALAMUS SUBTHALAMUS HYPOTHALAMUS AMPHIBIANS MAMMALS
DIENCEPHALON medial aspect
Mediln plocha Dorsal aspect Dorsln plocha Internal capsule THE
THALAMUS (nuclei) Hlavn thalamick jdra
Anterior nuclei Medial nuclei (mediodorsal nc.) Lateral nuclei
dorsal tier (lateral dorsal nc., lateral posterior nc. ventral tier
( ventral anterior VA,ventral lateral VL, ventral posterolateral-
VPL, ventral posteromedial VPM, ventral intermediate -VIM, Medial
geniculate nc., Lateral geniculate nc., Intralaminar nuclei Midline
nuclei Posterior nuclei (nuclei of pulvinar) Reticular nucleus
(inhibitory, GABAergic neurons) Thalamic nuclei Relay nuclei (rel
jdra, pepojovac jdra) MGN, LGN, VPL, VPM, VL, VA Receives input
predominantly from a single source Processed information is sent to
a localized region of cortex Are modality specific Specific nuclei
(after stimulation sharplylocalized cortical response) Association
nuclei MD, LD, LP, Posterior ncc.,
Receives input from a number of structures or cortical areas
Sendsfibers to the association cortical areas Specific nuclei
(after stimulation sharply localized response in the cortex)
HYPOTHALAMUS Vasopresin (Antidiuretic h.), Oxytocin
(uterus,ejection of milk)
Somatotropin, Prolactin, Folitropin, Lutropin, thyrotropin, ACTH
THE HYPOTHALAMUS Medial zone Tuberal region (middle reg.)
Lateral zone No discrete nuclei Regulation of food and water intake
Tuberal region (middle reg.) VM satiety center (lesion produces
hyperphagia + obesity) Arcuate nc. -delivers peptides to the portal
vessels Mamillary region (posterior reg.) Posterior nc.-elevating
of blood pressure, pupillary dilatation, body heat conservation
Mammillary ncc. memory formation (fornix) Medial zone Well defined
nuclei Chiasmatic region (anterior region) hormone release- SO,PV)
Cardiovascular function (Ant.) Circadian rhytms (SCH) Body
temperature (Preoptic nc.)