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The Bill of Rights
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Why was the Bill of Rights added to the U.S. Constitution?
• In several states, ratification (approval) for the Constitution was only obtained when Federalist supporters promised to add a Bill of Rights to guarantee individual rights.
• Anti-Federalists like Patrick Henry and George Mason attacked the Constitution for failing to include a Bill of Rights.
Patrick Henry
George Mason
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• The First 10 Amendments to the U.S. Constitution are known as the Bill of Rights.
• James Madison wrote the Bill of Rights.
• The Bill of Rights, protect U.S. citizens' individual liberties.
First 10 Amendments = Bill of Rights
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The Bill of Rights• As soon as the first Congress assembled in 1789, it began
deciding which rights to include in the Bill of Rights.
• A list of ten rights were written and were sent to Congress and the states for approval.
– 1st: Congress approved the amendments
– Next: 2/3rds of the states approved the amendments by 1791.
• Bill of Rights went into effect in 1791.
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First Amendment (RAPPS)
• Freedom of Religion– Guarantees individuals the right to freely engage in any religious
practices that do not directly harm other individuals. • Government cannot establish a religion of the U.S.
– Who pays for public schools? – Should public schools have prayers, which belong to a particular church
or religious group?– U.S. Supreme Court has ruled: No.
There can be no religious activities,
such as prayers, in public schools
during school hours.
Religion
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First Amendment (RAPPS)
Freedom of Assembly• Congress cannot deny individuals the right to “peacefully
assemble.” • This means that people have the right to gather peacefully
with others without fear that the government will use force against them.
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First Amendment (RAPPS)
Freedom of Press• This permits people to express themselves through
publication.
• Freedom of the press allows newspapers, radio, and television to write or announce what they want without fear of punishment.
• Journalists may have to disclose his or her sources.
• The press does not have the right to publish deliberate lies in order to harm a person.
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First Amendment (RAPPS)
Freedom of Petition• Individuals have the rights to write to government
representatives of officials, seeking a change in law.
• This right is based on the belief that citizens have a right to complain to their representatives about things they do not like and would like to see changed.
• Citizens gather people’s signatures on petitions.
• These petitions are then sent to government officials.
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First Amendment (RAPPS)
Freedom of Speech• Similar to the freedom of press• Freedom to say or write almost anything in public. • Americans cannot be put in jail for criticizing the government or for
expressing individual beliefs.
• In some circumstances, our speech can be limited.
• The Supreme Court has ruled that gov’t can limit free speech, if a “clear and present danger” is created by that speech.
• Free speech cannot violate other laws – such as deliberately spreading harmful lies, or copying someone else’s words without permission.
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1st Amendment
Religion
Assembly
Press
Petition
Speech
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Fold a sheet of paper to get 6
boxes.
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Billof
Rights
1st AmendmentFreedoms/ Rights
R A
P P S
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Billof
Rights
1st AmendmentFreedoms/ Rights
R A
P P S
1. List the freedom2. Give an example3. Draw a picture
with color