Download - The Baroque City: Court, Parade & Capital The Culture of Cities Wednesday, March 8/2006 SOSC 2730
The Baroque City:The Baroque City: Court, Parade & CapitalCourt, Parade & Capital
The Culture of CitiesThe Culture of Cities
Wednesday, March 8/2006Wednesday, March 8/2006
SOSC 2730SOSC 2730
Final ExaminationFinal Examination
•2-5 PM, Monday, April 242-5 PM, Monday, April 24
Schedule of ReadingSchedule of Reading• week of March 13week of March 13
– The Structure of Baroque Power (12)The Structure of Baroque Power (12)
– Court, Parade & Capital (13)Court, Parade & Capital (13)
• week of March 20week of March 20
– Commercial Expansion & Urban Dissolution (14)Commercial Expansion & Urban Dissolution (14)
– Paleotechnic Paradise: Coketown (15)Paleotechnic Paradise: Coketown (15)
• week of March 27week of March 27
– Suburbia –– and Beyond (16)Suburbia –– and Beyond (16)
– The Myth of Megalopolis (17)The Myth of Megalopolis (17)
• week of April 3week of April 3
– Retrospect & Prospect (18)Retrospect & Prospect (18)
Selected CivilizationsSelected Civilizations
Selected CivilizationsSelected Civilizations
Selected CivilizationsSelected Civilizations
The The Black DeathBlack Death(Bubonic Plague)(Bubonic Plague)
1346-511346-51
150
125
100
75
50
25
0ca. 1050 ca. 1200 ca. 1330 ca. 1500
Cologne
Florence
Genoa
Granada
Seville
Venice
Social Instability & Social MobilitySocial Instability & Social Mobility
Florence, ItalyFlorence, Italy
Palazzo VecchioPalazzo Vecchio(1299)(1299)••a building for the a building for the Priors –– the Priors –– the representatives of the representatives of the guilds –– who guilds –– who governed the governed the Republic of FlorenceRepublic of Florence
rediscovery ofrediscovery ofclassical civilizationclassical civilization
medievalmedievalurbanizationurbanization
innovation ininnovation intrade & bankingtrade & banking
FlorenceFlorence
a flowering ofa flowering ofthe visual arts, literature,the visual arts, literature,
natural sciences, etc.natural sciences, etc.
CreativityCreativity
•aware of achievementsaware of achievements•very proud of their very proud of their
achievementsachievements
LinkLink
GreeceGreece ––> ––> Rome Rome ––> ––> FlorenceFlorence
––––> > France, England, Germany, SpainFrance, England, Germany, Spain
CreativityCreativity
• moral confusionmoral confusion– decline of religiondecline of religion
• abandonment of “natural” abandonment of “natural” religion (Voltaire)religion (Voltaire)
• violent family feuds, political violent family feuds, political divisions, warfare, patrician divisions, warfare, patrician wealth, piety, republican wealth, piety, republican government, creativitygovernment, creativity
AchievementsAchievements
• linkage to the pastlinkage to the past• rediscovery of “nature”rediscovery of “nature”•art came to reflect realismart came to reflect realism
RenaissanceRenaissance
•breakdown of medieval waysbreakdown of medieval ways– Mercantilist capitalismMercantilist capitalism– new political frameworknew political framework
•nation statesnation states– defensive function for emerging defensive function for emerging
metropolitan economiesmetropolitan economies»Amsterdam, London, Paris, etc.Amsterdam, London, Paris, etc.
– new ideological formsnew ideological forms
Renaissance CityRenaissance City
• MumfordMumford– until 1600s form rather confuseduntil 1600s form rather confused
– breakdown of authority of Churchbreakdown of authority of Church
– religionreligion
– tradetrade
– politicspolitics
MumfordMumford
• importance of the importance of the Black DeathBlack Death– collective exhaustioncollective exhaustion– social disorganizationsocial disorganization– shifting power relationshipsshifting power relationships– limits on freedomlimits on freedom
BaroqueBaroque
•uniformityuniformity•centralizationcentralization•absolutism of Churchabsolutism of Church ––> ––>
absolutism of the monarchabsolutism of the monarch– supremacy of the emerging supremacy of the emerging
nation statenation state
BaroqueBaroque
•centralization of powercentralization of power– absolute monarchsabsolute monarchs
•power of the Church is power of the Church is curtailedcurtailed
• independence of cities is independence of cities is reducedreduced
But how did this happen?But how did this happen?
Catherine of Aragon Henry VIII Anne BoleynCatherine of Aragon Henry VIII Anne Boleyn
Martin Luther Clement VII Thomas WolseyMartin Luther Clement VII Thomas Wolsey Charles VCharles V
Catherine of Aragon Catherine of Aragon Henry VIIIHenry VIII Anne Boleyn Anne Boleyn
Martin Luther Clement VII Thomas WolseyMartin Luther Clement VII Thomas Wolsey Charles VCharles V
Henry VIIIHenry VIII(1491-1547)(1491-1547)King of EnglandKing of England
(1509-47)(1509-47)
Catherine of AragonCatherine of Aragon Henry VIII Anne Boleyn Henry VIII Anne Boleyn
Martin Luther Clement VII Thomas WolseyMartin Luther Clement VII Thomas Wolsey Charles VCharles V
Catherine of Aragon Henry VIII Catherine of Aragon Henry VIII Anne BoleynAnne Boleyn
Martin Luther Clement VII Thomas WolseyMartin Luther Clement VII Thomas Wolsey Charles VCharles V
Catherine of Aragon Henry VIII Anne BoleynCatherine of Aragon Henry VIII Anne Boleyn
Martin Luther Clement VII Thomas WolseyMartin Luther Clement VII Thomas Wolsey Charles VCharles V
Charles VCharles V(1500-58)(1500-58)
Holy Roman EmperorHoly Roman Emperor(1520-58)(1520-58)
$$$$$$$$$$$$Portugal
Spain
Catherine of Aragon Henry VIII Anne BoleynCatherine of Aragon Henry VIII Anne Boleyn
Martin Luther Martin Luther Clement VIIClement VII Thomas Wolsey Thomas Wolsey
Charles VCharles V
Clement VIIClement VIIaka Giulio d’Mediciaka Giulio d’Medici
(1478-1534)(1478-1534)PopePope
(1523-1534)(1523-1534)
Catherine of Aragon Henry VIII Anne BoleynCatherine of Aragon Henry VIII Anne Boleyn
Martin Luther Clement VII Martin Luther Clement VII Thomas WolseyThomas Wolsey Charles VCharles V
Thomas WolseyThomas Wolsey(1473-1530)(1473-1530)
Archbishop & CardinalArchbishop & Cardinal(1515-1530)(1515-1530)
Lord Chancellor of EnglandLord Chancellor of England(1514-29)(1514-29)
Died while being transported Died while being transported for trial in London on a charge for trial in London on a charge
of treasonof treason
Catherine of Aragon Catherine of Aragon Henry VIIIHenry VIII Anne Boleyn Anne Boleyn
Martin Luther Clement VII Thomas WolseyMartin Luther Clement VII Thomas Wolsey Charles VCharles V
Catherine of Aragon Henry VIII Anne BoleynCatherine of Aragon Henry VIII Anne Boleyn
Martin Luther Martin Luther Clement VIIClement VII Thomas Wolsey Thomas Wolsey
Charles VCharles V
Catherine of Aragon Henry VIII Anne BoleynCatherine of Aragon Henry VIII Anne Boleyn
Martin LutherMartin Luther Clement VII Thomas Wolsey Clement VII Thomas Wolsey
Charles VCharles V
Martin LutherMartin Luther(1483-1546)(1483-1546)
Augustinian Monk &Augustinian Monk &University ProfessorUniversity Professor
95 Propositions95 Propositionsfor discussionfor discussion
Church broke into factionsChurch broke into factions––––>> Protestant Churches Protestant Churches
Church permanently Church permanently fracturedfractured
Catherine of Aragon Catherine of Aragon Henry VIIIHenry VIII Anne Boleyn Anne Boleyn
Martin Luther Clement VII Thomas WolseyMartin Luther Clement VII Thomas Wolsey Charles VCharles V
Catherine of Aragon Henry VIII Anne BoleynCatherine of Aragon Henry VIII Anne Boleyn
Martin Luther Clement VII Thomas WolseyMartin Luther Clement VII Thomas Wolsey Charles VCharles V
ConsequencesConsequences
•emerging nation statesemerging nation states– EnglandEngland– new national Churchnew national Church
• fractured Churchfractured Church– moral authority seriously moral authority seriously
questionedquestioned– unity lostunity lost
ConsequencesConsequences
•more competitive more competitive environmentenvironment
•commercial expansioncommercial expansion– MercantilismMercantilism– overseas imperial expansionoverseas imperial expansion