Download - The Atmosphere
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The AtmosphereThe Atmosphere
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The atmosphere is the blanket of air that surrounds the Earth.
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The Earth System
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Composition of the AirComposition of the Air
Nitrogen 78%
Oxygen 21%
Other gases 1%
*greenhouse gases: carbon dioxide, water vapor, methane, etc.
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Layers of the AtmosphereLayers of the Atmosphere
1. Troposphere
2. Stratosphere
3. Mesosphere
4. Thermosphere (ionosphere)
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The TroposphereThe Troposphere• the bottom layer of the atmosphere
• stretches to about 11 km
• temperature decreases with altitude
• where weather conditions happen
• with vertical air currents (turbulent)
• contains 75% of the air
• mostly N2 and O2
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Temperature GraphTemperature Graph
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The StratosphereThe Stratosphere• the second layer of the atmosphere
• up to about 50 km
• with horizontal air currents
• temperature increases with altitude
• contains the ozone (O3) layer in the upper region
• where most jet planes travel through
• contains about 24% of the air
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Temperature GraphTemperature Graph
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The MesosphereThe Mesosphere
• the third layer of the atmosphere
• up to about 80 km
• temperature decreases with altitude
• the coldest layer
• where most meteors burn up
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Temperature GraphTemperature Graph
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The Thermosphere (Ionosphere)The Thermosphere (Ionosphere)• the fourth layer of the atmosphere
• to about 1000 km
• the hottest layer (due to ions, H+ and He-, that directly absorb the sun’s radiation)
• temperature increases with altitude
• where radio waves are reflected
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Temperature GraphTemperature Graph
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Importance of the AtmosphereImportance of the Atmosphere provides the necessary gases for living things to survive
regulates the heat from the sun to just the right temperature for life on Earth
plays an important role in the water cycle
the ozone layer protects the Earth from the sun’s harmful UV rays
protects the Earth from small meteors
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Points to PonderPoints to Ponder
What is air pollution? Where does it come from?
How does air pollution affect us?What can we do about air pollution?What is the Clean Air Act all about?
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Let’s summarize…Let’s summarize…
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Identify the layer of the Identify the layer of the atmosphere being described:atmosphere being described:
1. Composed of hydrogen and helium.
Thermosphere
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Identify the layer of the Identify the layer of the atmosphere being described:atmosphere being described:
2. Most affected by air pollution.
Troposphere
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Identify the layer of the Identify the layer of the atmosphere being described:atmosphere being described:
3. Protects the organisms from the
harmful rays of the sun.
Stratosphere
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Identify the layer of the Identify the layer of the atmosphere being described:atmosphere being described:
4. Contains the most dense air.
Troposphere
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Identify the layer of the Identify the layer of the atmosphere being described:atmosphere being described:
5. Contains the least dense/thinnest air.
Thermosphere
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Identify the layer of the Identify the layer of the atmosphere being described:atmosphere being described:
6. Coldest layer of the atmosphere.
Mesosphere
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Identify the layer of the Identify the layer of the atmosphere being described:atmosphere being described:
7. Contains ozone (O3).
Stratosphere
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Identify the layer of the Identify the layer of the atmosphere being described:atmosphere being described:
8. Where meteors burn up.
Mesosphere
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Identify the layer of the Identify the layer of the atmosphere being described:atmosphere being described:
9. Where air planes and jet planes fly.
Stratosphere
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Identify the layer of the Identify the layer of the atmosphere being described:atmosphere being described:
10. Where weather changes happen.
troposphere
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True or false:True or false:
1. Nitrogen (N2) gas is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere.
True
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True or false:True or false:
2. Methane (CH4) is not a greenhouse gas.
False
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True or false:True or false:
3. Thermosphere and Mesosphere are the hottest layers of the atmosphere
False
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True or false:True or false:
4. Air pressure is highest in the troposphere layer.
True
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The EndThe End