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Innovation systems
Making science work for farmers… and beyond
Toon Defoer
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Globalisation
(knowledge
networks, markets)
Policy (decentralisation, privatisation)
Markets (consumption,
supermarkets, integration)
Institutions (local, national,
regional, global)
Population pressure Climate change
Local diversity and context specific challenges
Current drivers …
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Call for being ….
• More innovative• More varied and “options” oriented • More adapted and flexible– To develop sustainable ways for• Food security• Income generation• Poverty alleviation• Natural resource conservation
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From single components to options for integration
• Station (controlled) results often « disappointing » under farmer’s conditions
• Cumulative effect of improvements e.g. water-fertility-weeds (in lowland rice systems)
• Low precision systems require:– Diversity of alternative ‘options’ for integration– Farmers’ early involvement for local adaptation of
possible improvements
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From Aid to Trade
• Growing international (donor) interest in agricultural R & D
• BUT: – Market-driven (inclusive) development– Benefits for both « the poor » and private sectors– North and South and South-South trade
« Aid though trade »
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From Production to Agribusiness
• Market first: demand driven and pull • Entrepreneurial spirit• Linking farmers to other value chain actors,
like processors and sellers, retailers, … • Vertical integration of farmers into markets• Public-Private partnerships• Value chain efficiency and agri-food systems
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From Results to Impact
• Emphasis on development outcomes in stead of research outputs
• Act locally and market-led specific– But within national/regional/international
context/issues– So to upscale– And to make significant impact.
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From Research to Innovation
• Technology: only 1 dimension of current issues• Organisational and management dimensions are
often the “root-cause”• Innovation = more than a “Product” but a
“Process” of bringing:– New products– New ways of working – New organisational models
Into economic use
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Building competences
• To link research and education with development• For collective Innovation and Learning in agri-
food systems• Beyond « individual » competences– Collective « team » action and learning– Change at organisational level– Building partnerships linking Research, Advisory
services, Higher education, Farmer organisations, and the Private sector
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Learning for Innovation (L4I) Cycle
Initiation
Flexible Planning
Collaborative innovation/action
Review and Reflection
Managed by an inter-institutional core group of « change agents »
Facilitation of collective learning
Field application @ MSP level
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Repeated L4I cycles
Joint action learning addressing common development challenge
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Capacities required of inter-institutional core teams
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Capacity Development (CD) of the teams
• Action-learning cycles• Knowledge• Skills• Attitude (Mindset)
KSA wrkshp
Field coaching
Reflection wrkshp
SKA wrkshp
Field coaching
Reflection wrkshp
SKA wrkshp
Field coaching
Reflection wrkshp
Cycle 1
Cycle 2
Cycle 3
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Combining L4I cycles with CD for management teams
Initiation
Flexible Planning
Collaborative innovation/action
Review and Reflection
SKA wrkshp
Field coaching
Reflection wrkshp
SKA wrkshp
Field coaching
Reflection wrkshp
SKA wrkshp
Field coaching
Reflection wrkshp
Field application @ MSP level
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Thank you