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Testing and standardized test procedures
for SOFC, SOEC and PEM testing
Eva Ravn Nielsen Center Manager, PhD
13-04-2015
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Outline
• FCH Test Center - DTU Energy
• Testing
• Standardization of test methods
• Other projects
• Contact
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2013-04-12 3
FCH Test Center
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DTU Energy
• Technologies for energy conversion and storage
• 250 employees – mainly at Risø Campus, Denmark
• More than 100 working on fuel cells and electrolysis
• Fuel cells R&D and testing since 1987
• Since 2010 commercial testing through FCH Test Center
Copenhagen
DTU Risø Campus Roskilde
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DTU Energy
• Focus on industrial collaboration and industrial processes
• Fundamental investigations component manufacture
• SOFC, SOEC, HT-PEM, H2 storage, batteries and more
• Materials and component development
• Manufacturing processes for ceramics
• Advanced testing
• Characterization
• Modelling
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FCH Test Center
• Testing
• Training
• Consultancy
• Advanced testing and demonstration of components and systems.
• Standardized test procedures
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2013-04-12 7
Testing
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Electrochemical testing - SOFC/SOEC
• iV-curves and impedance spectroscopy
• “Finger print” combines testing at a number of temperatures with several gas compositions
• Reveal the performance of individual parts of the cell
• Performed at beginning and end of test, it will explain degradation mechanisms
• Cells, small stacks, full size stacks
• Open source software: www.elchemea.dk
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Microscopy
• Advanced characterization techniques
• Degradation mechanism - e.g. impurities, grain growth, delamination etc.
• Visualization of the electronically conducting phase interconnected within the electrodes - percolation of Ni particles.
K. Thydén, Y. L. Liu and J. B. Bilde-Sørensen, Solid state Ionics. (2008) 178, 1984-1989. Hauch, S. H. Jensen, J. B. Bilde-Sørensen, M. Mogensen, J. of Electrochem. Soc. (2007) 154, A619-A626
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Corrosion testing
• Corrosion of metallic interconnects measured at high temperature and relevant conditions
• Post mortem analysis by e.g. scanning electron microscopy.
Molin, S., Chen, M., Hendriksen, P.V. J. of Power Sources, (2014) 251, p. 488-495. Persson, Å. H., Mikkelsen, L., Hendriksen, P. V., Somers, M.A.J. J. of Alloys and Compounds, (2012) 521, p. 16–29.
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Advanced mechanical testing
Mechanical testing at high temperatures in controlled atmospheres can be used to optimize heating profiles with respect to resulting strength.
Specially designed set-up for four-point bending testing of multiple samples in one heat-up. Reliable results in short time.
H. L. Frandsen, D. J. Curran, S. Rasmussen, P. V. Hendriksen, J. Power Sources, 258 (2014) 195-203 K. Kwok, L. Kiesel, H.L. Frandsen, M. Søgaard, P.V. Hendriksen, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc (2014), 34 1423–1432.
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High pressure testing
• Testing SOFC / SOEC up to 30 bar
• Construction of test setup for high pressure tests on-going:
• Cells up to 100 bar
• Stacks up to 50 bar
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Standardization of test methods
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PEM FC test procedures
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) for the Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Technology Initiative under grant n° 303445 10.
• STACK-TEST project, 2012 - 2015
• Industrial relevant test procedures for PEM FC stacks
• Application specific test programs
• Performance
• Endurance
• Safety
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Endurance test procedures
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3 endurance test modules developed: - Continuous operation
- Load cycling
- Start-stop
Technical Forum, Tuesday at 10:40
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SOFC/SOEC test procedures • SOCTESQA project, 2014 – 2017
• Test procedures for single cells and stacks
• Various applications - involvment of the industry:
• WORKSHOP – December 15th 2015, NAPLES (Italy)
• Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)
• Solide oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC)
• Reversible SOFC/SOEC operation
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) for the Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Technology Initiative under application n° 621245
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Reversible SOFC-SOEC - following a supply and demand profile
• Actual wind profile and electricity demand on the island of Ærø
• Long-time testing SOFC-SOEC long time reflecting actual profiles
17 C. Graves et al.
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2013-04-12 18
Other projects
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Demonstration of µ-CHP • ene.field project, 2012-2017
• Europe-wide demonstration of up to 1000 µ-CHP systems in 12 countries
• PEM, HT-PEM and SOFC units. Analyses of potentials and barriers.
The ene.field project has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) for the Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Technology Initiative under grant agreement No 303462
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The right testing solution for your company!
Fuel Cells – Electrolyzers - Batteries
Cells – Stacks – Components
Electrochemical performance
Materials characterization
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2014-04-07 21
Public Forum presentation on Thursday at 10.00
Speeding up commercial breakthrough
– SOFC/SOEC know-how from DTU
by Prof. Anke Hagen
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Eva Ravn Nielsen Center Manager, PhD www.fch.dk | www.energy.dtu.dk
Frederik Berg Nygaard Business Development Engineer
Please visit us at:
Booth E 65/2 - DTU
Karl Thydén Development Engineer, PhD
Contact