Slide 1 1Spain, October 2009
ESA Technology Strategy
and ITI
Marco GuglielmiESA/ESTEC
Slide 2 2Spain, October 2009
Outline
BackgroundThe technology management processESA R&D instrumentsThe Innovation Triangle InitiativeConclusion
Slide 3 3Spain, October 2009
Background
Mastering technology in due time is mandatory to limit project development risks, improve the competitiveness of European industry in commercial markets and minimize European dependence.
Technology is developed in ESA under several corporate (TRP, GSTP) and domain specific programmes (EOEP, CTP, etc). Some are mandatory (TRP, CTP), the rest are optional.
Technology is developed also by many ESA Member states with their National Programmes
Slide 4 4Spain, October 2009
Background:Space Technology in ESA
Technology Programmes versus Technology Readiness Levels
TRP
GSTP
CTP
EOEP
Mandatory
Optional
Generic/ Multi-domains
Science
Generic/ Multi-domains
Earth Observation
Telecommunications
Navigation
Space transportation
Human spaceflight and Exploration
Preparation
Focus Potential Extension
Technology concept
formulated
Experimental critical
function and /or proof of
concept
Component and/ or
breadboard validation in laboratory
Component and/ or
breadboard validation in
relevant environment
System / subsystem model or prototype
demonstration in a relevant environment
System prototype
demonstration in a space
environment
Actual system completed and “Flight Qualified”
through test and
demonstration (Ground or
Space)
Actual system “Flight
Proven” through
successful mission
operations
TRL
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
ARTES
GNSS Evolution
FLPP
Aurora
Slide 5 5Spain, October 2009
Background:Space Technology in Europe
European Space Institutional Technology R&D average yearly budget of approx. 450M€, (2008 ESTMP)
CTPTRP
GSTP
EOEP
FLPP
Aurora Core
ARTES
ELIPS
EGEP
F
D
PLRO
Other
E
PNNL
I
H
SUKACZ
Fin
CND CH
Slide 6 6Spain, October 2009
The Technology Management Process
As technology is developed in ESA and in EUROPE under several programmes, it was felt necessary to establish a clear and unified process, spanning from definition to evaluation of technology development activities, and covering all of the existing R&D programmes.
Slide 7 7Spain, October 2009
The Technology Management Process: Europe
ESANational Agencies
Industry
DataConsolidation
Technology
Observatory
TechnologyMonitoring
R&D ActionsESTER
Harmonised Roadmaps
ESA Technology Plans
National AgenciesTechnology Plans
European UnionPlans
European Space
TechnologyMaster Plan
(ESTMP)
Harmonisation
ESANational Agencies
Industry
DataConsolidation
Technology
Observatory
TechnologyMonitoring
R&D ActionsESTER
Harmonised Roadmaps
ESA Technology Plans
National AgenciesTechnology Plans
European UnionPlans
European Space
TechnologyMaster Plan
(ESTMP)
Harmonisation
Slide 8 8Spain, October 2009
The Technology Management Process: ESA
Technology Monitoring/ Evaluation
Technology Monitoring/ Evaluation
ESA Long Term PlanESA Long Term Plan
ESA Technology Strategy and Long Term PlanESA Technology Strategy and Long Term Plan
National Missions (THAG)National Missions (THAG) ESA Technology Work PlansESA Technology Work Plans
European and Worldwide Technology Assessment
European and Worldwide Technology Assessment
European HarmonisationEuropean Harmonisation
Technology ImplementationTechnology Implementation
Industrial productsIndustrial products
ESA Programme NeedsESA Programme Needs
ESTER
Technology PushTechnology Push
Industry ConsultationIndustry Consultation
Prioritized technology requirements and roadmaps
Prioritized technology requirements and roadmaps
Technology Monitoring/ Evaluation
Technology Monitoring/ Evaluation
ESA Long Term PlanESA Long Term Plan
ESA Technology Strategy and Long Term PlanESA Technology Strategy and Long Term Plan
National Missions (THAG)National Missions (THAG) ESA Technology Work PlansESA Technology Work Plans
European and Worldwide Technology Assessment
European and Worldwide Technology Assessment
European HarmonisationEuropean Harmonisation
Technology ImplementationTechnology Implementation
Industrial productsIndustrial products
ESA Programme NeedsESA Programme Needs
ESTER
Technology PushTechnology Push
Industry ConsultationIndustry Consultation
Prioritized technology requirements and roadmaps
Prioritized technology requirements and roadmaps
Slide 9 9Spain, October 2009
R&D Instrument example: TRP Objective: The Basic Technology Research Programme is the only ESA technology programme
supporting all of ESA's fields of activity, providing the technological nucleus for most future developments. As such, it represents the backbone of ESA’s innovative efforts. In particular, the TRP is used to:
Assess innovative/prospective technologies incorporating high development risks but also a high potential pay-off and to demonstrate their usefulness for space applications, providing ESA with a long- term technological capability to define new space missions and applications.
Enable ESA space missions by demonstrating the feasibility of technologies required for these missions.
Demonstrate the feasibility of technologies of general interest to all ESA projects and programmes.
TRL Targeted: 3 Procurement policy: Open Competitive (DN possible) Funding rule: 100% Total yearly budget (07): ~ 42 M€ Cycle: 3 Year Work Plan with yearly procurement plans Definition of activities: Internal, as per E2E process Invitation to tender: Continuously throughout the year on EMITS, beginning after programme approval
Slide 1010Spain, October 2009
R&D Instrument example: GSTP Objective: The General Support Technology Programme aims at increasing the
efficiency of technology R&D by preparing technologies in support to programmes and European Industry’s worldwide competitiveness, and at supporting the implementation of the results of coordination and harmonisation of technology R&D activities conducted both at national and Agency levels. GSTP funded activities aim at the pre-development and - if needed - the qualification of identified technologies required by future space projects, the feasibility of those technologies having been demonstrated. Participating States shall notify the Agency of any activities they wish to support prior to an invitation to tender being issued
TRL Targeted: from 3 to 5 and above Procurement policy: Open Competitive (Direct Negotiation possible) Funding rule: 100% (up to 50 % in Direct Negotiation also possible) Total yearly budget (07): 50 M€ Invitation to tender: Continuously throughout the year on EMITS following approval and support confirmation by Participating States Cycle: 3 years, activity implemented in batches Key dates: Yearly work programme review in January
Slide 1111Spain, October 2009
R&D Instrument example: TTP
ESA’s Technology Transfer Programme Office (TTPO) has the overall responsibility for the technology transfer process. TTPO is part of the Systems, Software and Technology Synthesis Department under the Agency’s Directorate of Technical and Quality Management. The technology transfer process is carried out in several different ways:
by the Technology Transfer Network (TTN) involving technology brokers through the National Technology Transfer Initiatives (NTTI) through a number of other initiatives and specific events (e.g. AO-GSTP).
In support to the technology transfer process, the following business lines have been implemented:
ESA business incubation (3 ESA sites plus a network) Business with the Fund (Stella Growth Fund) ESA Investment Forum and readiness programmesESA-European Commission collaborations
ttp contact: [email protected]
Initiatives
The main mission of the Technology Transfer Programme Office (TTPO) is to demonstrate to Europe’s citizens some of the benefits of the European Space Programme and to strengthen the competitiveness of European industry by encouraging the beneficial as well as commercial use of space technologies for non-space applications which in turn leads to innovative products and the generation of new jobs within Europe.
Mission:
Slide 1212Spain, October 2009
ESA does much more in technology development, innovation and technology
transfer.
For further details please consult the Annex
Slide 1313Spain, October 2009
The Technology Management Process and Innovation
The Technology Management process gives a very broad and solid understanding of the technology needs of ESA and Europe in general
Most of the R&D programmes of ESA have a multi annual cycle
Technology development and innovation in the non-space area is much more dynamic
As a result, an additional dedicated instrument was needed to support the rapid Demonstration, Validation and Adoption of new technologies
Slide 1414Spain, October 2009
Slide 1515Spain, October 2009
ANNEX
Slide 1616Spain, October 2009
Technology Transfer
Slide 1717Spain, October 2009
TTP Lines of business
Support
ESA Business Incubation
• ESTEC• ESOC• ESRIN
European Space Incubators Network
(ESINET)
managed by the European Business & Innovation
Centre Network
ESA Business Incubation
• ESTEC (NL)• ESOC (D)• ESRIN (I)• AZO (D)
Technology Transfer Programme (TTP)
Open Call for feasibility studies and special
projects
Transfer of TechnologyServices and Applications
Technology Brokers(TTN)
Network managed by MST Aerospace GmbH
National TechnologyTransfer Initiatives
(NTTI)
•France•Italy•Spain•UK•Germany
• The Netherlands• Belgium• Denmark• Ireland• Norway• Portugal
Open Call GSTP Prototype Development
EC European Entreprise Network (+250)National Space AgenciesEIROForum & technology transfer working groupGSA, DG-TREN, DG-ENT
Investment Forum
Investment Readiness
Programme
Investment Fund
Slide 1818Spain, October 2009
Technology Transfer and TTN (technology transfer network)
• New TTP contract initiated in February 2009
• Successful implementation through:Network of brokers facilitating contact between technology donors and receivers;Online database with technology transfer offers and requests (_www.technology-forum.com_);Implementation of NTTIsCollaboration with other networks (EEN)
• Results previous contract18 transfers supported (cumulative since 1990: 2008)483 industrial needs identified341space technology available for transfer18 feasibility studies supported10 success stories published384 experts are now part of the expert network
Technology TransferOpen Call for feasibility
studies and special projects
Transfer of Technology Services and Applications
Technology Brokers(TTN)
Network managed by MST Aerospace GmbH
•France•Italy•Spain•UK•Germany
Slide 1919Spain, October 2009
Transfer of Technology Services and Applications
National TechnologyTransfer Initiatives
(NTTI)
• The Netherlands• Belgium• Denmark• Ireland• Norway• Portugal
Focus at national level, facilitate transfers from national space industry to non-space sector
NTTI addresses funding support at local level
Collaboration between TTN and NTTI through MoU for integration of results
Established: NL, Belgium, Norway, Denmark, Ireland and Portugal
In discussions: Sweden, Finland, Greece and Switzerland
Starting to discuss: Italy
National Technology Transfer Initiative (NTTI)
Slide 2020Spain, October 2009
Support
ESA Business Incubation
• ESTEC• ESOC• ESRIN
ESA Business Incubation
• ESTEC (NL)• ESOC (D)• ESRIN (I)• AZO (D)
Location ESTEC, Noorwijk (NL)
Location ESOC, Darmstadt (D) & AZO – Munich (D)
Location ESRIN, Frascati (I)
Business Incubators
50 Alumni (2004-2008); Success rate 90%; 20% high flyers (EVCA classification)13 (26%) absorbed or acquired by another companyEquity investment from VC and business angels = 15.9 M€; Turnover 2008 8.5 M€; 200 employmentsCategorised in 12 Industry sectors
European Space Incubators Network
(ESINET)
managed by the European Business & Innovation
Centre Network
Slide 2121Spain, October 2009
Support
Open Call GSTP Prototype Development
EC European Entreprise Network (+250)National Space AgenciesEIROForum & technology transfer working groupGSA, DG-TREN, DG-ENT
Investment Forum
Investment Readiness
Programme
Investment Fund
• Venture CapitalEarly stage funding: ‘Stella Growth Fund’ – 40 M €Successful Investment Forum and Venture Academy (La Hulpe near Brussels 7th April 2009) Next EIF’s in 2010 (Stuttgart –Germany and Milan –Italy)Investment Readiness Programme hosted 15 Companies –ESTEC February 2009)
• Collaboration with National Space Agencies, EC-EEN , GSA, EC-DG-ET, EC-DG-TREN
Financial support, collaborations & open call
ttp contact: [email protected]
Slide 2222Spain, October 2009
ESA & innovation
Slide 2323Spain, October 2009
Introduction• Innovation is an essential part of all
ESA R&D activities• Ideas find their value when
converted into useful products• Surveys of industry and with
industry show that turnover comes to large extent from product improvement (gradual innovation)
• This is essential:– Market are small– Profit is low– Companies have low margin for
investment
44 %
innovationProduct improvement
Process improvement.
Slide 2424Spain, October 2009
Introduction• Need to support the overall product
cycle, • Particularly difficult, bridging the
“Death Valley” from laboratory models to qualified products
• In-orbit demonstration to gain product and supplier heritage
• Product improvement, also innovative, e.g. modulated ion thruster, bumpless valves, etc in GOCE
• Innovation is part of the product cycle, at concept, at improvement
System Test, Launch & Operations
System/Subsystem Development
Technology Demonstration
Technology Development
Research to Prove Feasibility
Basic Technology Research
TRL 9
TRL 8
TRL 7
TRL 6TRL 6
TRL 5TRL 5
TRL 4
TRL 3
TRL 2
TRL 1
System Test, Launch & Operations
System/Subsystem Development
Technology Demonstration
Technology Development
Research to Prove Feasibility
Basic Technology Research
TRL 9
TRL 8
TRL 7
TRL 6TRL 6
TRL 5TRL 5
TRL 4
TRL 3
TRL 2
TRL 1
cost
Death Valley
GSTP 5, El -2/3
TRP, GSTP -5 El.1
System Test, Launch & Operations
System/Subsystem Development
Technology Demonstration
Technology Development
Research to Prove Feasibility
Basic Technology Research
TRL 9
TRL 8
TRL 7
TRL 6TRL 6
TRL 5TRL 5
TRL 4
TRL 3
TRL 2
TRL 1
System Test, Launch & Operations
System/Subsystem Development
Technology Demonstration
Technology Development
Research to Prove Feasibility
Basic Technology Research
TRL 9
TRL 8
TRL 7
TRL 6TRL 6
TRL 5TRL 5
TRL 4
TRL 3
TRL 2
TRL 1
cost
Death Valley
GSTP 5, El -2/3
TRP, GSTP -5 El.1
Slide 2525Spain, October 200925
Innovation• Research of, in and from space and sustainable
service driven missions continuously require new solutions;
• Competition implies “being better when not cheaper”
• Innovation is essential part of the solution• ESA missions are technology innovation drivers• Innovation happens in many ways:
–Concepts and basic technology, C-C ultrastablestructure
–Components, AGGA in GNSS receiver–Products, SST receiver, gradiometer, ion thrusters
–Techniques, drag compensation –Processes, E2E simulation from signal to end result
• Innovation in ESA is–Incremental: improving a product, customizing, adding functionality, new environment
–Breakthrough, a step change,–Utilization: e.g. integrated applications
Slide 2626Spain, October 200926
Innovation, how• Strawman target setting,
– Inherent to each ESA mission, in particular Science driven missions– Special, e.g. how could be do a known mission for a fraction of resources, e.g. from MEX to Minimex
• Forward-looking: – Studies, leap in science – breakthrough in technology (not just space), e.g. with ESF
– Analysis: what would be the impact of new technology, e.g. wireless, SoC, new propulsion, etc; also from non-space: spin-in
– Workshops with partners, open innovation: spin-in =out - joint• Spontaneous
–Across internal organization lines, e.g. Space Science – EO–Through new industrial partners, e.g. involved because of new domains–Informal networks
Slide 2727Spain, October 2009
Fixed Reference Requirements
mSys and MNT – Mini-MEx
Mini-MEX will be a TRP Concurrent Design Facility study to miniaturise Mars Express•What level of miniaturisation can be achieved? How and when can physical restrictions limit these systems?
Goal:Mini-MEx shall achieve the same if not better science performance as Mars Express
for significantly less mass and power utilising Micro Nano Technology
Goal:Mini-MEx shall achieve the same if not better science performance as Mars Express
for significantly less mass and power utilising Micro Nano Technology
•Study StatusA preliminary kick-off for technology review in preparation for the CDF study mid-May 2009CDF study sessions planned to begin in mid-August 2009
Thin Film Solar CellsThin Film Solar CellsS/C SCOC3 on a ChipS/C SCOC3 on a ChipSun Sensor on a ChipSun Sensor on a ChipStar Sensor on a ChipStar Sensor on a Chip
Integrated avionicsIntegrated avionicsMINIMAL BOXES MINIMAL BOXES
MINMAL HARNESSMINMAL HARNESSAdvanced Motor ControllersAdvanced Motor ControllersData modulated on power busData modulated on power bus
Die microDie micro--packagingpackaging
MiniMini--MExMEx
Mars ExpressMars Express
MNTMNT
ScienceScience MissionMission
UnitsUnits
SubSub--SystemSystem
IntegrationIntegration
LaunchLaunch
MiniMini--MexMex Dry S/CDry S/C
Slide 2828Spain, October 2009
mSys and MNT – Achievements
Nano Technology for Space Solar Cells (TRP)Quantum Wells and bragg reflectors for both;
•Single-junction GaInAs•Triple-junction solar cells
•Both manufactured and well characterisedGoal: 2-3% efficiency increase as compared to non-
quantum well cells.
Very Thin GaAa MJ Solar Cell Development•Panel thickness reduction
•III-V cell and glass, 20 μm and 50 μm thick respectively•Dual target efficiency is 27% BOL
•Triple target efficiency is 33% BOL•2.5 kg m-2 and 4 x 8 cm2 cells
(Credit:AAC Microtec)
Motion Control Chip•Mass = 80g, Power = 5 W. Dimensions: 75 x 45 x 10 mm
•Spacewire and CAN interfaces•Reprogrammable FPGA
•Started August 2008 and is expected to finish February 2010
Activities within the TRP applicable to μSys and MNTActivities within the TRP applicable to μSys and MNT
Digital Sun Sensor on a Chip PrototypingStarted Oct 2008. Preliminary targetted characteristics are;
•FOV= 140 deg•0.5 deg accuracy (0.03 deg calibrated)
•50 g, 200 mW, •10Hz Output data rate•Spacewire Interface
Sensor on a Chip Feasibility Study and Avionics Evaluation
Study completed Dec 2008.Preliminary Characteristics;
•FoV: 15 deg•Accuracy: 11 arcsec
•Dimensions: 42 x 37 x 83 mm•Mass: 220 g
•Power: 400mW•Spacewire interface
Slide 2929Spain, October 2009
PROBA IP- Concepts studied internally and under GSP- Demonstration micro-systems, MNT as from Minimex
Slide 3030Spain, October 200930
Innovation, means• Fast transfer of knowledge and technology:
Academia – ESA: Networking Partnering Initiative, NPIInventor (usually SME, often non-space, to space) ITI, Innovation
triangle Initiative, LET-SMEFast concurrent transfer and prototyping of technology: Startiger,
concurrent prototyping• Special “techno-push” in TRP, e.g. Neomex, GSP• Permanent AO mechanisms, specially GSTP AO• Support to complete cycle up to demonstration• Cooperation new partners, European Networks, HTA for MNT,
participation in non-space areas, e.g. ICT of EC’s FP
Slide 3131Spain, October 2009
Innovation Triangle Initiative
Three types of activities aimed at the different elements of the triangle:(A) Proof of Concept (for INVENTORS): fast validation of new ideas(B) Demonstration of Feasibility and Use (for DEVELOPERS): component and/or
breadboard development up to validation in the laboratory(C) Technology Adoption (for CUSTOMERS): development up to validation in a relevant
environment,
ITI is based on the “Innovation Triangle” concept requiring the collaboration of 3 different entities: an INVENTOR, a DEVELOPER and a CUSTOMER.
Wireless sensor motes, SSTLPressure sensor, Oxensis
Slide 3232Spain, October 2009
STARTIGERObjective: Achieve a leap in technology in a short period of time
Mechanism (Skunk Work Approach): Intensive period of researchSmall cross disciplined teamFocused to a specific technical goalCo-located in a distraction free, resource rich environmentEnthusiastic approach to problem solvingPriority technical support
Spin-offs:• Breeding ground for innovative thinking
Previous Testcases:• STARTIGER Pilot Activity at RAL (UK) in 2002• Herschel Mirror TIGER Activity in ESTEC in 2005
Status:• Call for Ideas issued, 10 proposals received,
short-listed for full proposal evaluated
Slide 3333Spain, October 2009
NPI• To increase ESA exchange with Universities,
research institutes and industry to create an environment of permanent cross fertilisation
• Co-funding of PhD or Post-Doc work by candidates employed by Universities– up to 3 years, with 30 K€/year max– mandatory stay at ESTEC (at least 6 month
up to 1 year)• Standing call for proposals, two selections each
year (with the potential to select up to 10 proposals each year)
• Selection Board composed of ESA and Non-ESA representatives
• key innovative step with regard to what is done today in the space domain:– technology or a technique used in another
non space domain– or new idea/concept
This is not all what ESA does with Academia
Slide 3434Spain, October 2009
EU: Summary Innovation Index
Slide 3535Spain, October 2009
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7
EIS Summary Innovation Index
ESA
Retu
rn C
oeffi
cien
t
Context: Europe, innovation
• There is potential to exploit the innovation in non-space areas –Innovation NEEDS to be open
EU
Slide 3636Spain, October 2009
Open Innovation and Spin-in• Breakthrough in ESA space technology
is mission related, i.e. when mission is considered
• In many domains, technology advances faster for terrestrial applications than for space, potential for spin-in
• Find the convergence between the terrestrial developments and the achievable technology breakthrough for space
• Space technology has features attractive for demanding terrestrial applications, potential for spin-out
• Common interest with related sectors, aeronautics, automotive, ICT, etc, spin-in / out, joint actions
Example, innovative item through spin-inNeeds to be through product cycle
Slide 3737Spain, October 2009
Open Innovation and Spin-in
Activities ongoing 2009:• Prospective studies• TRP, ITI, Startiger• GSTP AO, LET SME• Workshops with related sectors – Open innovation: spin-in /
out; joint R&D• Study on Breakthroughs for Science incl. workshops co-
undertaken by ESA/European Science Foundation within framework of HISPAC in 2009
Slide 3838Spain, October 2009
Open innovation: aeronautics
• Vehicle commonalities (planes and space crafts):– materials, – energy (e.g. fuel cells),– thermal, – propulsion– avionics – sensors, electronics (e.g. hardening) and software – engineering (e.g. concurrent design)
• “Human on board”:– Man-machine interface (cockpit displays), network information management, …– Environmental control: air quality (CO2 and odour removal, humidity control, pressure
control), cabin air revitalisation, thermal management (global thermal balance on system level and related fluid dynamics),
– Health and safety: physiology and psychology issues (e.g. related to confinement), remote medical assistance for emergencies (tele-diagnostics), cabin decontamination,…
• Future “Common frontier”: – Future commercial stratospheric flights– Suborbital private flights (tourism)– Drones (incl. for Martian atmosphere)– ‘green aspects’
Slide 3939Spain, October 2009
Open innovation: HTA - MNT
NEOMEx
Platform system Science Payload
ImagerPropulsion Power
Structure Avionics
Thermal
Geochemistry
THz analyser
TT&C OBDH AOCS
Slide 4040Spain, October 2009
Conclusions
• Virtually all ESA missions have a significant technology innovation content
• Innovation must be open to all possible areas in order to gain the maximum possible leverage
• Innovation must however be sustainable in the long term to be effective
• ESA is therefore promoting a policy of development and reuse of the products to make innovation affordable and to increase the competitiveness of the European Industry in the international markets