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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 1
Technical Deep DiveCatalyst 3750-X and Catalyst 2960-SCarl-Johan EkmanSystem [email protected]
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 2
Session Objectives
At the end of the session, the participants should be able to:Understand new features & functionality of Catalyst 3750-X & 3560-XUnderstand new features & functionality of Catalyst 2960-S
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© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Catalyst 3750-X & 3560-X Switch models
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 4
Catalyst 3750-X SeriesStackable
Next Generation Catalyst 3k switchesThree IOS feature sets:
LAN BaseIP BaseIP Services
Innovative featuresStackPowerPoE+EncryptionDual redundant PSNetwork modules
Enhanced LLW: Next business day (NBD) advance hardware replacement90 Day access to Cisco Technical Assistance Center (TAC) support
Catalyst 3560-X SeriesStandalone
Catalyst 3750-X and 3560-X Series
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 5
Catalyst 3750-X and 3560-X SeriesSystem Characteristics
Management ports with configurable behaviorRJ45 serial & USB type-B consoles
10/100 Ethernet port for OOB management
Support SFP+ for 10G instead of X2 USB port
Type A for Storage, All Cisco supported USB flash drivesType mini-B as console port in the front
DRAM 256MB and Flash 128MbFull support for network based power management –
EnergyWise
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 6
Catalyst 3750 and Catalyst 3560, Including E and X Series
Catalyst® 3750-X and Catalyst 3560-X
LAN Base vs. IP Base and IP Services Highlights
Functions LAN Base IP Base IP Services
Layer 2+• Enterprise access Layer 2
Wide range of Layer 2 access features for enterprise deployments
• Complete Access Layer 2Supports all Cisco Catalyst 2000 and Catalyst 3000 Layer 2 features, including hot standby protocols; supports Cisco StackPower™technology (Cisco Catalyst 3750-X)
Layer 3• No routing support
Support for SVI with no IP routing support
• Enterprise access Layer 3RIP, static and stub PIM, and EIGRP
• Complete access Layer 3OSPF, EIGRP, BGP, IS-ISVRF-lite, WCCP, and PBR
Manageability• Basic manageability
Support for a wide range of MIBs, IPSLA Responder, and RSPAN
• Enterprise access Layer 3Gold-Lite and Smart Install Director
• Complete access Layer 3EEM and IPSLA Initiator
Security• Enterprise access security
DHCP Snooping, IPSG, DAI, PACLs, Cisco Identity 4.0, NAC and 802.1x features
• Complete access securityRouter and VLAN ACLs, private VLANs, complete identity and security, TrustSec SXP, and IEEE 802.1AE (Cisco Catalyst 3560-X and Catalyst 3750-X)
QoS• Enterprise access QoS
Ingress policing, Trust Boundary, AutoQoS, and DSCP mapping
• Complete access QoSSupport for all Cisco Catalyst 2000 and Catalyst 3000 QoS features,
including per-VLAN policies
Note: IP Services feature set includes all IP Base features. IP Base feature set includes all LAN Base features.
New
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HARDWARE ARCHITECTUREPOWER TRAIN
Core Features
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 8
Under the hood
* System LED Have moved to the left top corner
Switch Fabric
ASIC
Ampere DC-DC Converter
FRU PowerSupply Slots
FRU Network ModuleFuture Service Modules
*System LED
Front/Side to BackAir Flow
Stack PowerConnectors Fans
Air flow
Air flow
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 9
StackPowerMain features
Innovative technology, aggregates and shares available input power capacity in a Stack
Flexible arrangement of power supplies in a stack
Up to 8.8Kw power in a stack
Supports a “zero-footprint” RPS deployment
Intelligent load shedding
Stackpower decouples a PS from its physical location in the stack!
Up to 4 switches can be part of Stackpower
Independent from Stackwise (Stackwise Plus)
No need for RPS though an XPS is available!
Industry Leadership
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 10
StackPower Close up
Redundant, Dual PS, either AC/AC, AC/DC, AC, or DCcombinations
StackPowerCables
FRU DualRedundant Fans
SameStackwise Plus
Console, 10/100 port, and USB type A
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 11
StackPower Modes & TopologyPower Share, Redundant Modes, & RPS mode
The Catalyst 3750-X supports Power share, Redundant, & RPS modes
Includes power sharing across Cat3750X switches
Ring & Star topologies
Ring is Stackpower & Star is XPS
XPS (future availability) can Not be deployed in a Ring topology
The power shelf can not be part of a Stackpower ring
The Catalyst 3560-X ONLY supports RPS mode with an XPS
In the Star Topology, a XPS must be the hub
Up to nine switches can be connected to the power shelf
Either Catalyst 3750-X, Catalyst 3560-X or a combination of switches.
XPS detects Catalyst 3750-X Vs. Catalyst 3560-X
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 12
Stackpower topologiesRing and Star
Two deployment topologies:Ring – a maximum of 4 switches in a StackpowerStar – up to 9 switches, attached to a Power shelf
Up to 20 PS in one power stack (include the Power shelf PS)
Stackwise can span over two power stacks (4 switches)Power stack can span over two or data stacks too but it is
Not Recommended!
StackPower 1
StackPower 2
One Data Stack(Stackwise)
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 13
StackPowerCapabilities Overview
715w
350w
715w
350w
Switch AFull POE on 48-ports 740w PoENeed = 986w
Switch D48-ports, Data Only,Needs 246w
Switch CFull POE+ on 48-ports 1,440w PoENeeds 1,686w
Switch B48-ports, Data Only, Needs 246w
Power requirements:246w * 4 + 740 + 1440 = 3,172wAvailable Power = 2,130wDeficit = 1,042wOptions:1) Add one 1,100w PS slot B of any switch to cover the deficit.
2) Add two 1,100w PS to any two switches in slot B to cover 1,042w deficit plus 1,100w for redundancy. Extra capacity for zero-footprint RPS functionality.
Note capability to boot up a switch that doesn’t have a PS and even provide PoE+ on that switch.
Stackpower can provide complementary power as well as Redundant power depending on requirements and configuration.
X
X
X
X
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 14
StackPower ModesPower share, Redundant, RPS modes
Power Sharing mode Redundant mode
Entire available power of 3,300w is available to the system.
Switch and PD requests for more power is granted until all 3,300w are used. No redundancy
Overall capacity is 3,300w –1,100w is reservedfor redundancy.
Available Power to share is 2,200w and there is an extra 200 W available for allocation.
Should a PS fail, then the reserved power is made available for the stack.
B
A
BA
A
A
B
1,100w 0w
500w
500w
500w
500w
B
1,100w 1,100w
B
A
BA
A
A
B
1,100w 0w
500w
500w
500w
500w
B
1,100w
Reserved Power1,100w
Available Pwr Allocated Pwr Unused Pwr
3,300 W 2,000 W 1,300 WAvailable Allocated Unused RESERVED
3,300 W 2,000 W 200W 1,100 W
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 15
Best Practice Balance PS across the stack
Total Input Power = 5,400w
Total Output Power = 4,400w
The right half generates only 20A but consumes 80A
Stackpower cables are limited to ~40A
In failure scenario, Stackpower could be oversubscribed; console messages will warn about the condition and Intelligent power shed will occur.
500w
500w
A B
1,100w
1,100w
A B
1,100w
1,100w
A B
2,000w
A B
2,000w
200w
200w
X30 A
60 A
30 A
Recommendation:1. Balance PS across all systems, and
2. insist on filling up PS slot A on every switch in the stack, before using slot B on any switch!
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 16
Show commands
show stackpower
Stackpower mode and name
Load shedding priorities – switch, high and low priority ports
Neighbor status and MAC addresses
Detailed info about each power stack
Multiple power stack per data stack are possible.
Total available power, Used power, Remaining power
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 17
Show commands…Priorities
Show stack-powerPower stack name: Powerstack-11
Stack mode: Power sharingSwitch 3:
Power budget: 1646Low port priority value: 21High port priority value: 12Switch priority value: 3Port 1 status: Not shutPort 2 status: Not shutNeighbor on port 1: 0027.0d3b.d300Neighbor on port 2: 0027.0d3b.de00
Switch 2:Power budget: 1646Low port priority value: 22High port priority value: 13Switch priority value: 4Port 1 status: Not shutPort 2 status: Not shutNeighbor on port 1: 0027.0d3b.d780Neighbor on port 2: 0027.0d3b.d300
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 18
Show commands…
show env allDisplay status of each power supply
show power inlineDisplay available/used PoE power
PoE power contributed to the pool by each PS
Show power inline priorityDisplay priority level for every port in the stack
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 19
Stackpower ScalabilityStackwise vs. StackPower
Why a power stack supports only 4 switches?UL requirement of 41.6A per power stack portStackPower cable max length 1.5mA switch cannot share more than ~2000w per stack port
Safety devices built-in to prevent over-currentJust FET (Field Effect Transistor) open up circuit and cut current
flow…Safe!
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 20
Dual Redundant Power supplies & fansMain features
New high efficiency PSSupport for two FRU power supplies per switch
Can combine AC and DC power supplies
Second PS is for redundancy or supplemental power48-port of PoE+ requires 1.4KW
Flexible PS options including DC with PoE support
Ability to off-line a PS and draw power from the stack
FRU redundantFans
FRU redundantPower supplies
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 21
Dual Redundant Power supplies & fansMain features
Four PS options
1100W AC – C3KX-PWR-1100WAC715W AC – C3KX-PWR-715WAC
350W AC – C3KX-PWR-350WAC440W DC – C3KX-PWR-440WDC (future availability)
Dual, redundant, high efficiency PS
Can combine AC & DC PS in the same switch
Redundant fans
Models Default Power Supply Available PoE Power
24 Port Data Switch C3KX-PWR-350WAC N/A48 Port Data Switch24 Port PoE Switch C3KX-PWR-715WAC 435W48 Port PoE Switch48 Port Full PoE Switch C3KX-PWR-1100WAC 800W
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CORE FEATURES
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 23
Power over EthernetSupports 802.3af & 802.3at
Full POE support on all 48 portsPoE+ Standard has been ratified!
Full PoE+ (30W) double the power of the original PoE
Support for PoE+ includesDiscovery and support of legacy Cisco PDsDiscovery and support of IEEE 802.3af compliant PDsDiscovery and support of Cisco Enhanced PoE (EDCS-621299)Power sensing and policing (EDCS-475414)Discovery and support of IEEE 802.3at compliant PDs
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 24
PoE+ SupportMain features
Ability to provide 30W per port on all 48-ports simultaneously, 1440W of PoE+
Ability to assign a priority to each High/Low groups of portsUseful for intelligent load shedding!
Use a 1-event mechanism for classificationFor Type1 (Legacy) or Type2 PD
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 25
Optional Network ModuleMain features
FRU Network module supports OIRProvides flexibility with two options at FCS:
Four 1G ports (SFP)Two 10Gig port (SFP+) or four 1G ports (SFP)
Port numbering changedInterface Gig 1/1/1 – 1/1/4Interface TenGig 1/1/1 – 1/1/2
Extensible open architecture
Network Modules for the Catalyst 3750-X and 3560-X SeriesC3KX-NM-1G= 1G network module spare
C3KX-NM-10G= 10G network module spare
C3KX-NM-BLANK= Network module blank spare
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 26
MACsec (Crypto)Main features
Standards based encryption (802.1AE) on all user portsLine rate performanceStandards based key exchange protocol, MKA,
included in 802.1X-RevAnyConnect – PC clientTested with current Intel NIC cardsSome newer Intel’s LOM chip set supports MACsec
Industry Leadership
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Catalyst 2960-S Switch models
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24/48 10/100/1000 ports with fixed uplinks
Fixed Uplink Options: 4x1G or 2x10G SFP+
FlexStack Technology
Brings stackable ease-of-use features to the 2960 family, features 20G stacking links
Power over Ethernet
Full standards-based PoE on every port
PoE+ support for next-generation high-power devices
Sustainability - GREEN
Very low power for Gigabit Ethernet Switch
New EnergyWise functionality to control PHY power
Half the power of Catalyst 2960G
• E-LLW, NBD and 90 day TAC support
Introducing Catalyst 2960-S
LAN Lite and LAN Base Software Options
LAN Lite option provides entry-level Gig-E platform
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C2960-S Characteristics
10/100 Ethernet for Out Of Band (OOB) network mgmt new for C2960-S series
USB Flash - type A, external Flash storageUSB console (type B) and RJ45 console supportedDram: 128MBOn board Flash: 64MBLow LatencyRPS support: CAB-E type cable. (CAB-RPS2300-E=)Buffering – single unified onchip buffer, 2MB
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Catalyst 2960-S Enhancements
GOLD – OnLine Hardware Diagnostics Crypto images (K9) – shipped from MfgSingle SDM Template – Fixed TCAM Resources
More security ACL resources than Catalyst 2960IPv6 functionality built-in to TCAM ResourcesNo modification and reboot required
9198 Bytes max MTU 9000 bytes max for Catalyst 2960
OBFL – HW failure logging capability
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Key LAN Lite vs LAN Base HighlightsCatalyst 2960, 2960-S
Functionality LAN Lite LAN Base
Layer 2
• Entry-level Access Layer 2Basic L2 access features including 802.1Q trunking, (M)STP, STP extensions, CDP, DTP, UDLD, VTPv2, PAGP/LACP, LLDP, Storm control
• Enterprise Access Layer 2Wide range of L2 access features for enterprise deployments, including FlexLinks, VTPv3, LLDP MED
Layer 3 • No Routing SupportSupport for L3 management interface• No Routing Support
Support for SVI with no IP routing support
Manageability• Entry-level Manageability
Express Setup, Cisco Device Manager, SNMPv3 (w/crypto), RMON, SPAN, TDR, Auto Smart Ports, Smart Install client
• Basic ManageabilitySupport for a wider range of MIBs, IPSLA Responder, RSPAN
Security• Entry-level Access Security
SSH v2 server, SSL, HTTPS, SCP, TACACS+, RADIUS, Port Security, 802.1x (w/ Guest VLAN), MAB, Private VLAN Edge
• Enterprise Access SecurityDHCP Snooping, IPSG, DAI, PACLs, Cisco Identity 4.0, NAC and 802.1x features
QoS• Entry-level Access QOS
Ingress and egress queuing, Scheduling, Priority queuing, SRR
• Enterprise Access QOSIngress policing, Trust Boundary, AutoQOS, DSCP mapping
Note: LAN Base feature set includes all LAN Lite features.
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Catalyst 2960-S FlexStack
FlexStack available with optional ModuleHot Swappable with two wire-speed 10G portsCopper cables, NOT fiber. No SFP needed
Up to 4 switches in a stackUnified switch management, and control
similar look and feel as StackWise
3 FlexStack Cable lengths supported. Cisco Proprietary0.5 meters, 1.0 meter, 3.0 meter
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C2960-S FlexStack Stacking
Cross-stack EtherChannel, SPAN, and FlexLink supportedEtherChannel physical links across stack members
Easy member addition and replacementConfigurable Stack Master
Following same Master election rules as StackWise PlusSupport same CISCO-STACKWISE-MIBSingle Spanning tree node: No spanning-tree across stack
Stack link topology change is handled in SW, not HWData flow recovery needs SW involvement
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C2960-S FlexStack ModuleFlexStack Module inserted in the left rear of the switch.FlexStack module is optional for C2960-S switch operationYes – Hot SwappableBlank plate required when FlexStack Module not inserted
Note: Tabs on FlexStack cables are opposite each other
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Not a ring Architecture. Packets traverse stack Hop by Hop
Local switching of unicast packetsNot switched to Stack ports unnecessarily
Proprietary header of 32Bytes pre-pended on all stack packets
Packet path determined using “OSPF” like algorithm.based on Ingress member.
All members see the Bcast & Mcast packetsEgress Queues 5 & 6 in use on Stack Ports.
FlexStack Protocol packets use Queue 5.Inter-member communication use Queue 6.Queues previously unused on 3750-E
Catalyst 2960-S FlexStack - Details
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FlexStack – Drop Table & Passive Link
Every Stack port is active and forwardingExcept in a 2 member stack.
Drop Table based an “OSPF like” algorithm to determine passive link. Similar to Spanning Tree link costs
Packets are dropped based on source memberSource member = member the packet ingressed on.Passive Link as far from source member as possible
Passive Link prevents BCAST stormsPackets dropped on ingress. Only on stack ports.Bcast, Mcast and unknown UniCast packets hit every member.“Passive link” is the link between two members
Packets “appear” to drop on the passive link“Passive” link is being message by marketing.
It sounds better than drop table.
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C2960-S The Drop Table “Passive Link”Stack Link Neighbor Table – 4 member stack
4
3
2
12
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
C2960S-48LPS_#show switch neighbors Switch # Port 1 Port 2-------- ------ ------
1 2 42 3 13 4 24 1 3
stack port
Ingress Member
1 2 3 4
1-1 BLK1-2 BLK2-1 BLK2-2 BLK3-1 BLK
3-2 BLK4-1 BLK4-2 BLK
Passive links color coded
Drop table “table”, with color codedPassive links
Stack port
Ingress Member
1 2 3 4
1-1 3
1-2 2
2-1 3
2-2 2
3-1 3
3-2 2
4-1 3
4-2 2
Hops to Drop
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4
3
2
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
C2960-S Passive Link Example: BCASTMember 1 Bcast ingress, use drop table to
determine stack passive linkmember 1 2 3 41-1 BLK1-2 BLK2-1 BLK2-2 BLK3-1 BLK3-2 BLK4-1 BLK4-2 BLK
1. Packet ingresses on member 12. Packet forwarded to member 4 and member 2
2
3. Packet forwarded to member 3 on both stack links4. Member 3 drops all packets from member 1Received on stack port 2. Packets received on Stack port 1 are accepted.
5. Packet forwarded to member 2 on stack link 1.Packets from member 1 on stack link 1 are dropped.
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C2960-S Drop Table
4
3
2
12
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
C2960S-48LPS_#show platform dtm drop-table Stack Port 1 Drop Tables:Node ID BLOCK/FORWARD1 FORWARD2 FORWARD3 FORWARD4 BLOCKStack Port 2 Drop Tables:Node ID BLOCK/FORWARD1 FORWARD2 FORWARD3 BLOCK4 FORWARD
Drop table output from member 1
Drop table output from member 2C2960S-48LPS_# session 2C2960S-48LPS_-2#show platform dtm drop-table Stack Port 1 Drop Tables:Node ID BLOCK/FORWARD1 BLOCK2 FORWARD3 FORWARD4 FORWARDStack Port 2 Drop Tables:Node ID BLOCK/FORWARD1 FORWARD2 FORWARD3 FORWARD4 BLOCK
Note Same color, they
block packets from
member 4
stack port
Ingress Member
1 2 3 4
1-1 BLK1-2 BLK2-1 BLK2-2 BLK3-1 BLK
3-2 BLK4-1 BLK4-2 BLK
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C2960-S Drop Table cont.
You have to know the neighbor connections to understand the drop table.
Members can be connected a variety of waysPackets are dropped only for a specific source memberDropped packets are not counted!!! HW drops the packets, not SW.
packets dropped on Ingress
Drop only applies in full redundant stack links.If one stack link down, all links go to FWD state.
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C2960-S FlexStack Recovery
Recovery on loss of stack link.1-2 seconds of recovery time is officially supported.
Dependencies on recovery time:number of members in stackUtilization of CPU
In simple test, data recovery was 0.08 seconds
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2960-S FlexStackEase of Use
3750-X StackWise PlusEase of Use and High Availability
Device Limit 4 units 9 unitsStack Bandwidth 20G 64G
Architecture HW Drop Table Ring (Destination stripping)Dynamic Ring Load
Balancing No Yes
Stack Convergence 1-2 seconds Few millisecondsStack QoS Applied hop by hop Applied on ingress
Management Single IP address, SNMP, SYSLOGSingle IP address, SNMP,
SYSLOG
Configuration Single config and CLI, auto image and config updateSingle config and CLI, auto image
and config updateShow and Debug
Commands Unified Unified
Single Forwarding and Control Plane
Synchronize ARP, MAC Address, IGMP, VLAN tables
Synchronize ARP, MAC Address, IGMP, VLAN, Routing tables
Cross-Stack Features Yes Yes
Single Bridge-ID Yes Yes
Preprovison members Yes Yes
Redundancy Stack master 1:N redundancy Stack master 1:N redundancyEasy member replacement Yes Yes
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C2960-S: FlexStack – StackWise Plus comparedFlexStack operationally equivalent to C3750
IOS image upgrades Single Master controls stackMaster electionMaster PriorityPre-provisioningMember replacement
StackWise Plus HW based stack link drop recoveryVery fast, consistent.
FlexStack Stack Link Drop Recovery Dependencies: 1-2 seconds of recovery time is supported. number of members in stackUtilization of CPU, recovery is SW controlled.
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Catalyst 2960-S Sustainability GreenCisco Technology Innovation
Lowest Power Consumption in IndustryImproving Gigabit Ethernet switching power efficiency
Cisco low power consumption ASICs
Uses 50% power of equivalent Ethernet switches in the market
Additional Power savingsReduce power per with Interface “sleep mode” when not in
connected
EnergyWise Capable
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Catalyst 2960-S Power Usage vs. Industry
Watts Consumed & Utilization Annual Energy Costs per Switch
46%
$55K cost savings 1000 switches per year