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Tachymetry SurveyDetailing SurveyTopographical Survey
Sr SITI NUR ALIAA ROSLANKLIUC
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Planimetric and TopographicMapping
Basic Types of Maps:
Planimetric Maps
Hypsometric Maps
Topographic Maps
Cartography:- The art and science of representing spatial
position of real world objects (3-D) on a 2-D plane by means
of points, lines and symbols.
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Planimetric Maps Show only the horizontal position of geographic and culturalfeatures
Do not show topographic features Show accurate horizontal distances Plan view
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Hypsometric Maps Show landscape relief Use Contours,
Shading, Hachures, 3-D Grids
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MINI QUIZ:
Match the numbers to
the letters
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Topographic Maps Contain elements from both Planimetric and Hypsometric
maps
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Methods of Topographic Mapping Aerial Photogrammetric Methods -Large Areas, Small scale
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Satellite Imagery- Large Areas, Small scale
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Ground methods- Small Areas, Large scale
Conventional Ground Methods Total Station
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GPS Methods
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Hydrographic Mapping
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Specific Types of Maps:
- World Maps - Highway/Road Maps - Land-Use Maps
- Natural Resource Maps - Navigational Charts
- Property Maps - Census Maps - Maps for the Blind (tactile)...
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Time Zones
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ROAD MAP
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Contours from Grid Elevations
94.1 98.297.0
92.1 96.8
93.6 95.191.7
94.7 95
96
9798
94
95
92
93
9392
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Introduction Tachymetry survey obtains the position and height of the points.
The purpose is to produce the details plan.
There are two different method:-
The Stadia System
The Electronic System (Normally using Total Station nowadays) The tachymetry equipments:-
Theodolite (Optic or digital)
Staff
Survey tape
Tripod
Tachymetry Survey
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Tachymetry Survey Instruments
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Reading have been recorded:-
Zenith/Vertical angle
Stadia reading: Up, Intermediate and Down.
Height of the instrument.
Horizontal angle (bearing)
Tachymetry Survey The Stadia System
A
S
Vh
X
Y
i
I
B
D
H
telescope
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H = 100 S Cos2
V = (100 S Sin 2)
ALB = ALA + i V m
V =Zenith distance = vertical angle
H = Horizontal distance.
i = Instrument height.
S = Up reading Stadia minus down reading Stadia.
m = Intermediate reading Stadia.ALA = Level value of point A
ALB = Level value of point B
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Example:-
Staff position 1 has been observed from A with = 300, s= 0.75m and mid reading is 1.41m. Thus, what is thereduced level of position 1? Given, the height of Point A is27.38m.
H = (100 x 0.75) cos2 3 = 74.8m
V = (100 x 0.75) sin 6/2 = 3.92m
Reduced Level Position 1 = 27.38 + 3.92 1.41 = 29.89m
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The Electronic System Survey Equipments:-
Total Station / Theodolite & EDM
Prism and Pole
Tape
Tripod The needed reading:-
Horizontal angle (bearing)
Horizontal distance
Instrument height of survey instruments: Total Station and Pole.
Tachymetry Survey
H
D
VT
i
A
B
The Electronic System
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V = H Tan
ALB = ALA + i V T
V =zenith distance.
D = slope distance
H = horizontal distance.
i = Total Station height
T = The height of pole with the prism.
The Electronic System
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Tachymetry Survey
Measure the height of total station. Pole with the small prism
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Output Processing from Tachymetry Survey