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Chapter 2
Hardware Designed to Meet the Need
The Digital Revolution Integrated Circuits and Processing Storage Input, Output, and Expansion Selecting and Purchasing a
Computer
Please discontinue use of cell phone and turn off ringer
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2.3
Storage
• Read-only Memory• Magnetic Storage• Optical Storage• CD-ROM
• DVD• CD-RW • Solid State Storage• Flash memory card• USB
Key Terms
From CH1: Storage is the ability to maintain data within the system temporarily or permanently
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System Storage Random Access Memory, RAM, or primary
storage: Volatile memory that stores currently running
software: OS and apps, and data in addressed cells.
512 MB Standard, 1 GB recommended RAM SIMM or DIMM: Single or Dual In-line
Memory Modules are inserted in slots in the Motherboard
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Memory Hierarchy
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Other Types of Memory Cache Memory is fast access storage on the
processor Graphics Memory is included on graphics
card for faster video display ROM stores the boot process instruction
that start the computer and load the OS from hard drive into RAM
CMOS memory provides semipermenant storage for system configuration information that may change.
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Graphics Card Today’s high-end graphics
cards are computers unto themselves that include a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) and hundreds of MB of graphics memory.
PCI Express vs AGP Dedicated, integrated,
hybrid
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Secondary Storage
Storage Methods Sequential Access
(tape) Direct Access (disk
or solid state)
Storage Methods Sequential Access
(tape) Direct Access (disk
or solid state)
23
Storage Media Type Magnetic storage devices use the magnetic
properties of iron oxide particles to store bits and bytes more permanently than RAM.
Optical storage media, such as CDs and DVDs store bits using an optical laser to burn pits into the surface of a highly reflective disk surface.
Solid State storage devices use flash memory to store bits.
Tape Drive
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Mini Memory Card
1 TB HDD Recorder
Secondary Storage
23
Tape Drive
Storage silo robot
2GB MP3 Player
Secondary storage is used to store data more permanently without the need for electricity.
DVD-RW
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Microdrives from Toshiba provide iPods with their
ultra high storage capacity.
Magnetic Media
Hard Disk Drives Magnetic Tape High-capacity Disks (Zip, etc) Floppy Disks (outdated) Microdrives
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Optical Media
CD, DVD, Blu-laser Disk (BD)
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Solid State
A flash memory card is a chip that, unlike RAM, is nonvolatile and keeps its memory without the need for electricity.
USB Flash Drives use flash memory to provide high capacity storage through the USB port.
Universal Serial Bus or USB is a standard that allows a wide variety of devices to connect to a computer through a common port.
Universal Serial Bus or USB is a standard that allows a wide variety of devices to connect to a computer through a common port.
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Internet Storage
Users are increasingly storing data on Web servers, rather than on PCs through services provided by companies like Yahoo, MSN, Google and others. Google offers Web-based Email,
Calendar, Photo, Spreadsheet, and Word Processing services that provide the software and substantial online storage for free.
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Storage Criteria
Choose storage media by the Cost per MB Capacity Portability Durability Security Accessibility
as associated with the requirements of the data and usage
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RAMCPU
Registers
cacheROM
VRAM
Hard Drive
Tape
Magnetic Storage
CD
DVD
Optical Storage
USB
network
Storage Review
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2.4
Input, Output, and Expansion
• Input device• Output device• Touch screen• Game controller
• Display resolution• LCD
Key Terms
Read on your own
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2.5
Selecting and Purchasing a Computer
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Strategies for Computer Shopping
Choose type: notebook, desktop, tablet, handheld
Choose platform Windows/Mac/Linux Palm/WindowsMobile
Choose Manufacturer Choose Model Select Add-ons
The all-important Warranty
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Helpful Links for Computer Shopping Research
www.zdnet.com www.cnet.com www.macworld.com
Computer Retailers www.cdw.com www.compusa.com
Direct from Manufacturer www.apple.com www.dell.com www.sony.com www.hp.com www.gateway.com www.toshiba.com
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Chapter 2 Questions?
Don’t forget to turn your phone on!!