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Structures & Their Wraps:Structures & Their Wraps:The Past & Future of Repair with The Past & Future of Repair with
FRPFRP
Mo Ehsani, Ph.D., P.E., S.E.Mo Ehsani, Ph.D., P.E., S.E.President, QuakeWrap, Inc., and President, QuakeWrap, Inc., and
Professor Emeritus of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Arizona Professor Emeritus of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Arizona
October 21, 2010October 21, 2010
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FRP ProductsFRP Products
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Fiber Reinforced Polymer Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) (FRP)
Polymer Resin Matrix
Reinforcing Fiber(Glass, Carbon, Kevlar, etc.) Interphas
e Coupling Agent
Why is it called FRP? It is a Polymer (i.e. epoxy, vinyl ester, etc.) that has been reinforced with a Fiber (e.g. carbon, glass, etc.)FRP does not have the same strength in all directions; these types of materials are called anisotropic
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History & Background of History & Background of FRPFRP
Corvette C1 - 1953
100% FRP Hull
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FRP Version 1.0 Introduced March FRP Version 1.0 Introduced March 19901990
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Original Concept Original Concept DemonstrationDemonstration
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Blast ProtectionBlast Protection
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Fort Bragg, N.C.Fort Bragg, N.C.
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Advantages of FRPAdvantages of FRP
High Tensile Strength (3-5 times stronger than Steel)
Low Weight (no foundation adjustments required) Anisotropic (strength depends on fiber orientation) Corrosion Resistance & Acid Protection Waterproof Excellent Fatigue Behavior Speed of Construction Versatility Odorless & Non-Toxic (Certain Manufacturers) Low Cost
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Surface Prep (Bond/Pull Surface Prep (Bond/Pull Test)Test)
A test dolly is attached to the cured surface by an adhesive. When the adhesive is cured the adhesion tester claw is engaged onto the dolly and a force is applied by tightening a wheel/ nut on the top of the tester.
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Saturation of FabricSaturation of Fabric
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Plaza at Clayton, Plaza at Clayton, MOMO
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Plaza at Clayton, Plaza at Clayton, MOMO
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Sample FRP Wet Layup Sample FRP Wet Layup ProjectsProjects
Bridge, NM Museum, CA
Hospital, AK
Bridge, IN Pipe, Costa Rica
Bldg, PA
Tank, AZ Chimney, AL
Condo, FL
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SuperLaminates™SuperLaminates™
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Sandwich Construction of Sandwich Construction of PipeMedic™ Laminates (Patent PipeMedic™ Laminates (Patent
Pending)Pending)
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Multi-Axial ReinforcementMulti-Axial Reinforcement Thickness ≈ 0.01 -0.025 inchThickness ≈ 0.01 -0.025 inch Tensile Strength ≈ up to 155,000 psiTensile Strength ≈ up to 155,000 psi Infinite combinations of strengthInfinite combinations of strength & stiffness can be produced& stiffness can be produced ISO 9000 CertifiedISO 9000 Certified
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FRP Version 1.0 …FRP Version 1.0 …Rewriting the story 20 years later Rewriting the story 20 years later
FRP Version 2.0FRP Version 2.0
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Advantages of Advantages of SuperLaminatesSuperLaminates
Laminates manufactured in plant Significantly reduces construction time Improves quality; stronger than wet layup Material properties known in advance Less dependent on experience of field crew Local contractors can be easily
trained/certified Offers solutions which are impossible with
wet layup
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Confinement of Square Confinement of Square Columns with Columns with
SuperLaminates™SuperLaminates™Structural Shell
No Finished Surface Required
Circular or Square Columns
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Current Pile Repair Current Pile Repair SystemSystem
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Conventional vs. New JacketConventional vs. New Jacket
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Encapsulation of Underwater Encapsulation of Underwater Piles Piles ……The Jacket that Fits All!The Jacket that Fits All!
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Advantages of Pile Repair Advantages of Pile Repair Using the New SystemUsing the New System
No custom manufacturing – one size fits all Wraps directly around pile > Small annular space Aesthetically pleasing No metallic bolts or straps Limited or No need for costly divers No weak seams along the sides Allows pressurization of resin into annular space All voids and cracks are filled with resin Increases the strength of the pile
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Design ExampleDesign ExampleDesign Data:
12x12 inch pile f’c = 4000 psi Ignore reinforcing steel Pn = 0.85 f’c (12x12) = 490 kips
Encapsulated Pile: 18 inch diameter Fill with 4000 psi grout
18”
12”
12”
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Repair of Underwater Repair of Underwater PilesPiles
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Retrofit of Steel ColumnsRetrofit of Steel Columnsin existing framein existing frame
Wrap laminate in a cylindrical shape around column
Secure the top end Fill annular space with
concrete or grout (+ Rebar) Can construct a composite
steel-concrete column Increase axial & buckling load
for column
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Repair of Corroded Bridge PilesRepair of Corroded Bridge Piles
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Utility Pole RepairUtility Pole Repair
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Top Collar
Actuators
Rotating Collar
Bottom Collar
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Robot for Repair of Utility Robot for Repair of Utility Poles Poles
Patent PendingPatent Pending
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Bridging a Gap in a PipelineBridging a Gap in a Pipeline(Gas Technology Institute)(Gas Technology Institute)
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Liner
Failure of LinerDue to Internal Gas Pressure
How do we create a pressurize pipe?
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Bridging a Gap in a PipelineBridging a Gap in a Pipeline(24” Long Gap in 16” Diam. Pipe)(24” Long Gap in 16” Diam. Pipe)
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Corrugated Metal Pipe (CMP) Corrugated Metal Pipe (CMP) CulvertCulvert
PipeMedic™ can be bonded to the high points of corrugation
If corroded, the invert portion of culvert can be filled with self-leveling concrete.
Advantages: No loss of diameter No Grouting required One-Size Fits all
Disadvantage: Little Compressive Strength
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Corrugated Metal Pipe Corrugated Metal Pipe CulvertsCulverts
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Thank you for your Thank you for your Attention!Attention!
Questions?
www.QuakeWrap.com
Email: [email protected] Free: (866) QuakeWrap[782-5397]