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Structure of Muscle
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Sliding Filament Hypothesis During Contraction
Proteins DO NOT actually shorten Rather they slide past one another
Support Changes in Sarcomere Bands Actual measurement of proteins Length-Tension Characteristics
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Sliding Filament Hypothesis During Contraction
Proteins DO NOT actually shorten Rather they slide past one another
Support Changes in Sarcomere Bands Actual measurement of proteins Length-Tension Characteristics
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Length - Tension Characteristics Stretch Muscle to Various Lengths Measure Active Tension
1.25 1.65 2.00 2.25 3.650
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
Sarcomere Length
Te
ns
ion
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Troponin - Tropomyosin Complex
Myosin Head
MyosinBinding
Site
Actin
TropomyosinFilament
T
C
I
Ca Binding Sites
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Troponin - Tropomyosin Complex
Myosin Head
MyosinBinding
Site
Actin
T C
I
Ca
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Troponin - Tropomyosin Complex
Myosin Head MyosinBinding
Site
Actin
T C
I
Ca
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Troponin - Tropomyosin Complex
Myosin Head
MyosinBinding
Site
Actin
T
C
I
Ca
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Plunger Model forRelease of Ca++ from SR
Ca
++++ ++++
---- ----
Ca
++++ ++++
---- ----
Ca
++++ ++++
---- ----
ATP Ca
DihydropyridineReceptor
RyanodineReceptor
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Summary of Excitation-Contraction Coupling
Ca
Ca
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Muscle Mechanics – Series Elastic Component (SEC)
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Muscle Mechanics – Series Elastic Component (SEC)
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Muscle Mechanics – Series Elastic Component (SEC)
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Variation in Muscle Tension
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Muscle Fiber Types
Type I
Type IIa
Type IIb
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Braided Pneumatic Actuator
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Colburn Test Rig
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Length – Tension Characteristics
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Festo Actuators
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Air Insect - Kirchner
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Buckling
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Mini-Braided Pneumatics:Matt Birch and Alan Pollack
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Electroactive Polymer – SRI et al
http://ndeaa.jpl.nasa.gov/nasa-nde/lommas/eap/EAP-web.htm