![Page 1: Steven Shafer Agricultural GHG mitigation Nov 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042907/5884a0641a28ab26058b740b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Mitigation
Steven Shafer Associate Administrator for National Programs
Agricultural Research Service U.S. Department of Agriculture
November 2, 2015
![Page 2: Steven Shafer Agricultural GHG mitigation Nov 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042907/5884a0641a28ab26058b740b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
http://www.usda.gov/oce/climate_change/mitigation_technologies/GHGMitigationProduction_Cost.htm
![Page 3: Steven Shafer Agricultural GHG mitigation Nov 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042907/5884a0641a28ab26058b740b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
http://www.usda.gov/oce/climate_change/mitigation_technologies/GHGMitigationProduction_Cost.htm
![Page 4: Steven Shafer Agricultural GHG mitigation Nov 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042907/5884a0641a28ab26058b740b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Proposed N2O Mitigation Strategies • Improve NUE = nitrogen use
efficiency (e.g. US corn NUE*, 1995-1999: 37%)
• Source, Rate, Placement, Timing • N process inhibitors (nitrification, urease)
• Cover crops • Crop selection •Improved irrigation management (timing, application rate, method)
• Reduced tillage • Biochar • Crop breeding
*REN = (crop N uptake in fertilized plot – crop N uptake in unfertilized plot)/ (fertilizer N applied in fertilized plot)
Michel Cavigelli, USDA-ARS-BARC
![Page 5: Steven Shafer Agricultural GHG mitigation Nov 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042907/5884a0641a28ab26058b740b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
http://www.usda.gov/oce/climate_change/mitigation_technologies/GHGMitigationProduction_Cost.htm
![Page 6: Steven Shafer Agricultural GHG mitigation Nov 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042907/5884a0641a28ab26058b740b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
http://www.usda.gov/oce/climate_change/mitigation_technologies/GHGMitigationProduction_Cost.htm
![Page 7: Steven Shafer Agricultural GHG mitigation Nov 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042907/5884a0641a28ab26058b740b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
DietaryManagementtoDecreaseMethaneEmissionsfromBeefFeedlots
Increasedgraininthedietdecreasesmethaneproducedintherumen(duetoincreasedacidityintherumenandincreasedpropionate).Steamflaked-orhigh-moisturecorndecreasesentericmethaneproduc:onbyabout20%comparedtofeedingdry-rolledcorn-basedhigh-concentratefinishingdiets(duetomoreefficientdiges:onofstarchintherumenandlessstarchinfeces).Entericmethaneproduc:ondecreasedabout4to6%foreach1%ofsupplementaladdedfat.Becauseofadverseeffectsoffatonruminalfermenta:on,supplementalfatlevelsareusuallylimitedto3or4%ofdietarydrymaLer.Dis:ller’sgrainsareonesourceoffat.Feedinggrassesoralfalfaassilage(highmoisture),ratherthanasdryhayinhighforagediets,willdecreaseentericmethaneemissions.Inhighforagediets,decreasingthepar:clesizeoftheforagewilldecreaseentericmethanelossesby5to20%.
Compiledfrom:www.ars.usda.gov/research/programs/programs.htm?np_code=212&docid=22546
![Page 8: Steven Shafer Agricultural GHG mitigation Nov 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042907/5884a0641a28ab26058b740b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
http://www.usda.gov/oce/climate_change/mitigation_technologies/GHGMitigationProduction_Cost.htm
![Page 9: Steven Shafer Agricultural GHG mitigation Nov 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042907/5884a0641a28ab26058b740b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
http://www.usda.gov/oce/climate_change/mitigation_technologies/GHGMitigationProduction_Cost.htm
![Page 10: Steven Shafer Agricultural GHG mitigation Nov 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042907/5884a0641a28ab26058b740b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
http://www.usda.gov/oce/climate_change/mitigation_technologies/GHGMitigationProduction_Cost.htm
![Page 11: Steven Shafer Agricultural GHG mitigation Nov 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042907/5884a0641a28ab26058b740b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Steven Shafer Agricultural GHG mitigation Nov 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042907/5884a0641a28ab26058b740b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
http://www.usda.gov/oce/climate_change/mitigation_technologies/GHGMitigationProduction_Cost.htm
![Page 13: Steven Shafer Agricultural GHG mitigation Nov 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042907/5884a0641a28ab26058b740b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
http://www.usda.gov/oce/climate_change/mitigation_technologies/GHGMitigationProduction_Cost.htm
![Page 14: Steven Shafer Agricultural GHG mitigation Nov 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042907/5884a0641a28ab26058b740b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Date: 11/13/15
Global Research Alliance on agricultural greenhouse gases
:
![Page 15: Steven Shafer Agricultural GHG mitigation Nov 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042907/5884a0641a28ab26058b740b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
LaunchedinDecember2009Bringscountriestogethertofindwaystogrowmorefoodwithoutgrowinggreenhousegasemissions(i.e.,emissionsintensitygoal):• Improveunderstanding,measurement&esHmaHonof
agriculturalemissions• Findwaystoreduceemissionsintensityofagricultural
producHonsystemsandincreasepotenHalforsoilcarbonsequestraHon,whileenhancingfoodsecurity
• ImprovefarmeraccesstoagriculturalmiHgaHontechnologies&bestpracHces
• MembershipisvoluntarywithnofundingobligaHonsEnableacHviHesthatwouldnothavehappenedwithouttheGRA
The Global Research Alliance (GRA)
![Page 16: Steven Shafer Agricultural GHG mitigation Nov 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042907/5884a0641a28ab26058b740b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Countries are members • 46membercountries:
Korea Lithuania Malaysia Mexico Nicaragua Netherlands New Zealand Norway Panama Paraguay Peru
Ecuador Egypt Finland France Germany Ghana Honduras Indonesia Italy Ireland Japan
Philippines Poland Spain Sri Lanka Sweden Switzerland Thailand Tunisia United Kingdom United States Uruguay Vietnam
Argentina Australia Belgium Bolivia Brazil Canada Chile China Colombia Costa Rica Denmark Dominican
Republic
![Page 17: Steven Shafer Agricultural GHG mitigation Nov 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042907/5884a0641a28ab26058b740b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Partner Organizations • InternaHonalPartnersoftheGRA:• AfricanDevelopmentBank• ConsultaHveGrouponInternaHonalAgriculturalResearch
• FoodandAgricultureOrganizaHon• Inter-AmericanDevelopmentBank• Inter-AmericanInsHtuteforCooperaHononAgriculture
• TropicalAgriculturalResearchandHigherEducaHonCentre(CATIE)
• WorldBank• WorldFarmers’OrganisaHon
![Page 18: Steven Shafer Agricultural GHG mitigation Nov 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042907/5884a0641a28ab26058b740b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Research Groups
Soi
l Car
bon
and
Nitr
ogen
Cyc
ling
Cross-cutting Groups In
vent
orie
s an
d M
onito
ring
Paddy Rice Research Group
Livestock Research Group
Croplands Research Group
![Page 19: Steven Shafer Agricultural GHG mitigation Nov 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042907/5884a0641a28ab26058b740b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
MAGGnet Metadata Entry Template
Worksheet Tabs
• Experiment descrip;on • Experiment loca;on • Experiment dura;on • Climate a>ributes • Soil and drainage
a>ributes • Data type • Treatments • Key Findings • Journal cita;ons • Primary contact
GOAL: 15 min per site
• General
Instruc;ons • Color coded
worksheets • Frequent use of
drop-down menus
Review Update Future
http://globalresearchalliance.org/research/croplands/
![Page 20: Steven Shafer Agricultural GHG mitigation Nov 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042907/5884a0641a28ab26058b740b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Ø 20 countries Ø 315
experiments Ø 8 experiments
in Brazil
• 14 unique climate subdivisions
• 11 surface soil textures
![Page 21: Steven Shafer Agricultural GHG mitigation Nov 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042907/5884a0641a28ab26058b740b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Experimental Sites Summarized
Status • 233 completed • 82 ongoing
Dura;on • 214 short-term (<1-3 yr) • 54 mid-term (>3-10 yr) • 47 long-term (>10 yr)
Common Treatments
• Fer;lizer rate (68) • Manure/Amendments
(52) • Tillage type (43)
Review Update Future
Soil/GHG/Plant
parameter
Projects measuring parameter
(%)
Soil carbon 83
N2O flux 82
CO2 flux 45
CH4 flux 29
Grain 56
Stover 35
Roots 9
http://globalresearchalliance.org/research/croplands/