Download - Steam tables
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Use of Steam Tables
• Saturated Vapor or Liquid– Liquid at Bubble-Point
– Vapor at Dew-Point
– Liquid and Vapor Co-existing
• Superheated Vapor or Sub-Cooled Liquid– Vapor Above Dew-Point Temperature or Below Dew-
Point Pressure
– Liquid Below Bubble-Point Temperature or Above Bubble-Point Pressure
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Vaporize 1kg Water at 20 C and Bubble Point Pressure
ˆ ˆ
ˆ ˆ
U Q W Q P V
m U Q mP V
Q m U P V
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3 5
2
ˆ ˆ
2403.0 83.91
57.8 0.0010021 0.0234 1 10
1,000
2454.3
Q m U P V
kJkgQ
kg
mkg bar N kJ
kg m bar N m
Q kJ
H U PV
H U P V
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Definitions
• Degrees of Superheat– Difference between actual temperature and
saturation temperature at the same pressure
• Degrees of Sub-Cooling– Difference between actual temperature and the
saturation temperature at the same pressure.
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Vapor
Liquid
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Water Vapor Heating1 kg from 100 oC, 1 Bar to 200 oC, 1 Bar
ˆ ˆ
ˆ ˆ ˆ
U Q W Q P V
m U Q mP V
Q m U P V m H
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Water Vapor Heating1 kg from 100 oC, 1 Bar to 200 oC, 1 Bar
ˆ ˆ ˆ
2875 26761199
Q m U P V m H
kJkgQ kJ
kg
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Constant Volume Water Vapor Heating1 kg from 100 oC, 1 Bar to 200 oC, P=?
0
ˆ
V
U Q
m U Q
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barbarT
TPP 73.1
15.373
15.4731
1
212
Ideal Gas Law Estimation
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Interpolation for Pressure
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3
Specific Volume
Pre
ssu
re
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Interpolation for Internal Energy
2640
2645
2650
2655
2660
0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3
Specific Volume
Inte
rnal
En
erg
y
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Linear Interpolation
1 1 2 2
2 1 2 1
2 1
2 1
1 1
1 1
1 1
2 11 1
2 1
y mx b
y mx b y mx b
y y m x x
y ym
x x
b y mx
y mx y mx
y y m x x
y yy y x x
x x
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2 11 1
2 1
2 1
1 1
2 1
ˆ ˆˆ ˆ
5 11 1.69 2.17 2.1
0.425 2.17ˆ ˆ
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆˆ ˆ
2643 2658ˆ 2658 1.69 2.17 26540.425 2.17
ˆ 1 2654 2507 147
Desired
Desired
P PP P V V
V V
P bar
U UU U V V
V V
kJU
kg
kJQ m U kg kJ
kg