Stage 16Pluperfect
TenseLatin II Week 10 Day 1
Spring 2009
The pluperfect tense is a past
tense. It is a verb that
takes place in the past BEFORE
another past action:two past actions, one takes place before the other
For Example:Quintus had escaped
from Pompeii before Mt. Vesuvius was able to
destroy him.
had escaped = pluperfect
was able = imperfect
For Example:The Cantiaci ship sank
beneath the waves because Belimicus had
ignored the rocks hidden under the sea.
had ignored = pluperfect
sank= perfect
Both actions took place in the past.
However, one action took place before the other
action.
The pluperfect tense is always the earlier of the
two actions.
To form the pluperfect
tense in Latin, you
must:
Look at the 4 principle parts of a
particular verb:ago, agere, egi, actussum, esse, fui, futurus
1. Take the 3rd principle part of the verb:
ie. egiie. fui
2. Remove the –i at the end of the word
Now add the Pluperfect Endings:
-eram-eras-erat
-eramus-eratis-erant
For example:eg + erameg + eraseg + erat
eg + eramuseg + eratiseg + erant
Translation:egeram - I had done
egeras - you had doneegerat - he had done
egeramus - we had doneegeratis - you all had done
egerant - they had done
For example:fu + eramfu + erasfu + erat
fu + eramusfu + eratisfu + erant
Translation:fueram - I had been
fueras - you had beenfuerat - he had been
fueramus - we had beenfueratis - you all had been
fuerant - they had been
Conjugate into the pluperfect tense:
pono, ponere, posuitollo, tollere, sustuli
derideo, deridere, derisi
navigo, navigare, navigavi
posueramposuerasposuerat
posueramusposueratisposuerant
posueram – I had placedposueras – you had
placedposuerat – he had
placedposueramus – we had
placedposueratis – you all had
placedposuerant – they had
placed
sustuleramsustulerassustulerat
sustuleramussustuleratissustulerant
sustuleram – I had raised
sustuleras – you had raised
sustulerat – he had raised
sustuleramus – we had raised
sustuleratis – you all had raised
sustulerant – they had raised
deriseramderiserasderiserat
deriseramusderiseratisderiserant
deriseram – I had mocked
deriseras – you had mocked
deriserat – he had mocked
deriseramus – we had mocked
deriseratis – you all had mocked
deriserant – they had mocked
navigaveramnavigaverasnavigaverat
navigaveramusnavigaveratisnavigaverant
navigaveram – I had sailed
navigaveras – you had sailed
navigaverat – he had sailed
navigaveramus – we had sailed
navigaveratis – you all had sailed
navigaverant – they had sailed
Now conjugate the following:
pereo, perire, periipunio, punire, puniviverto, vertere, vertiaedifico, aedificare,
aedificaviconsentio, consentire,
consensidelecto, delectare, delectavi
dimitto, dimittere, dimisieffugio, effugere, effugi
FINIS