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Smaller Bodies in the Solar SystemBy Kynsey Creel
http://www.agdesktop.com/wallpapers\space\stars\star-0005.jpg
Topics•Asteriod Belt
•Pictures
•History of Discovery
•Kuiper Belt
•Theories
•Comets
•Meteoroids
•Meteors
•Merteorites
•The Difference Between the threehttp://www.astronomy.com/asy/objects/images/hubble-galaxy-silhouettejpg.jpg
The Asteroid Belt• The Main Belt• Located roughly between Mars and Jupiter• Comprised of asteroids and minor planets
– Half the mass in 4 bodies• Ceres (smallest Dwarf Planet) 4 Vesta, 2 Pallas, 10
Hygiea – Diameter more than 400 m
• Smallest bodies range down to dust particles• Asteroids can be classified by spectra
– carbonaceous (C-type), Silicate (S-type), Metal-rich (M-type)
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/InnerSolarSystem-en.png
Ceres
2 Pallas
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/__e2VLp6gwyk/SUaIeuNzilI/AAAAAAAABm8/wu2sJGWesPE/s320/275px-PallasHST2007.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Ceres_optimized.jpg
http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/gallery/Vesta.jpg
4 Vesta 10 Hygiea http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_5PcuUnvp1a4/SfzS3GYRNyI/AAAAAAAAAW0/warXj5RyD4w/s400/hygiea.jpg
History of Observations• In 1800 astronomer Franz
Xaver von Zach assembled the Celestial Police
• Searching for “the missing planet” between mars and Jupiter
• Based off Predictions by Johann Daniel Titius vonWittenburg
• In 1801 Giuseppe Piazzi discovered the planet “Ceres”
• William Herschel categorized Ceres and the other dwarf planets as asteroids , “star like”
Giuseppe Piazzi http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Giuseppe_Piazzi.jpg
Kuiper Belt
• Lays outside Neptune’s orbit• Similar to Asteroid belt except much larger• Comprised of frozen volatiles
– Methane, ammonia, water (ice)– Pluto, Haumea, Makemake
• Discovered in 1992 after the discovery of Pluto (might not be alone)
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Outersolarsystem_objectpositions_labels_comp.png
History and Theories
• Fredrick Leonard: First Astronomer to suggest outer Neptunian bodies
• Kenneth Edgeworth: hypothesized that the region beyond Neptune was too widely spaced for Planets
• Gerard Kuiper: suggested a “disk” outside Neptune
Gerard Kuiper
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/GerardKuiper.jpg
Comets
• Small Solar System bodies that orbit the sun– Orbital periods take up to hundreds of thousands
of years– Short period comets originate in the Kuiper Belt– Thrown out of the belt by gravitational pulls
• Coma (fuzzy “atmosphere”) and a tail• Ice, dust, rocky particles• Range from a few km- 10 km across• 3,648 known comets (increasing)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Comet-Hale-Bopp-29-03-1997_hires_adj.jpg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:060227comet.jpg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:17pHolmes_071104_eder_vga.jpg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Jupiter_showing_SL9_impact_sites.jpg
Meteoroids/Meteors/Meteorites
• Meteoroids- sand (micrometeoroids) to boulder size, part of meteor showers– Orbit the sun at various velocities– Collide with Earth if in retrograde motion at
speeds ~70km/s• Meteoroids that enter earth’s atmosphere are
meteors• Meteors that reach Earth’s surface are
meteorites
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IMG_8505n3.JPG
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Meteor_burst.jpg
Summary
http://jzholloway.files.wordpress.com/2008/07/jupitermilkyway070108-sb-1b.jpg
Asteroid Belt/Main Belt
Mars and Jupiter
Discovery by Guiseppe Piazzi
Kuiper Belt
theories behind it (Gerard Kuiper)
Comets
Meteoroids/Meteors/Meteorites
The End
Complements to wiki