Download - Small Cell Backhaul Performance Assurance
SMALLCELLBACKHAULPERFORMANCEASSURANCE
Frominstalltoongoingoperation&optimization
2014-2Q
Exabytes
MobileDataTraffic
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SMALLCELLS● BIGIMPACT Mobileconnectionsareovertakingourpopulation &growingfaster• Smartphones: 70%ofmobile traffic1
• 1000xtrafficgrowthby20202
QoEexpectationsincreasing:5bars:everywhere,everytime,everydevice
Spectrumisfinite:increasingmacrocellcapacityisnotascalableoption
80%ofmobiletrafficoriginatesindoors3
Sources:(1)NSN2013,(2)Cisco-VNI,2013,(3)HetNetForum2014,(4)Informa 2013,(5)Ibtd 2013
Exabytes
MobileDataTraffic
• Movenetworkaccessclosertothecustomer
• 62millionSCtocarry½mobiletrafficby20163,4
• 5Mtoshipin2017● 125%YoY growth5
• Sharespectrumwithin macrocellfootprinttoincrease‘premiumcoverage’density
• IntegratecarrierWiFi asalternatecarrier
SmallCells
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SMALLCELLSINTHEHETNET
• Rangeofreach&capacity
• Majoritywillbeenterprise+outdoor
• Directlytiedtorevenue&retention
Source:Informa2013
Home Enterprise Urban Rural
FEMTOPICO
METRO/MICROMACRO
Power Range Users
IndoorOutdoor
GlobalServiceProviderSmallCell-DrivenRevenue
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SMALLCELLS● DIVERSEBACKHAULARCHITECTURES
PROVIDERNETWORK
AAV
SCaaS
Micro/Metro MacroPico/EnterpriseFemto
RRHs
BBUsPMPRF RF
MPLS
INTERNET
L3
DOCSIS
xDSL
PTPRF
UNLICENSEDLICENSED
PON
L2
CustomerLAN
CoreSite
It’sallaboutlargedatatrafficoffload:• Upto80%canbeoff-loaded1
• Capacityincreasesof80-130%2
•EPC=inter-cellconnections• Nolonger justhub&spoke
•Varietyofmethods:• (un)licensed PTP&PMP;xDSL,DOCSIS,internet,enterpriseLAN
• Lower-costoptions required tokeepcostsincheck,butwhataboutQoS?
•Addingtothemix:• LeasedBackhaul:AlternateAccessVendors (AAVs)• SmallCellsasaService(SCaaS)
SC-GW
Sources:(1)Alcatel-Lucent 2014, (2)HuaweiFieldStudies, 2014
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Cost-critical,lowtouchrequiredvs.morehand-offs,longerbackhaul
“chain”
SMALLCELLBACKHAUL● DIMINISHINGPERFORMANCEMARGINS
Graph, SNSResearch, 2013
Exabytes
AnnualTrafficCarriedbyAccessType
SmallCellBackhaul
PerformanceMatters
The Majorityoftrafficwillbe
carriedbysmallcellsby2016
DataCenter /AppServers
INTERNET
EPCRANHub
AggregationRouter
CoreRoutersRFUE
Processing4ms
RadioInterface5ms
SC(S1)Backhaul
5ms
SCProcessing
2msRAN/MacroBackhaul2ms
MSCLAN2ms
aggregation,Ipsec, SeGW,SGW+PGW
ExternalTransport4ms
CoreTransport4ms
ServiceLAN(Gi/SGi),Firewall
DataCenters2ms
1-WayLatencyStacking=30ms
Traffic Delay DV
Sync <10 <5
Voice/Control <15 <5
StreamingMedia < 20 <10
Gaming < 37 N/A
1-Way Allowable (ms)
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SMALLCELLS● DYNAMICTHREATSTOQOS SharedInterference• multi-MSPcells,backhaul,spectrum• macro/smallcellsharedspectrum• WiFi /unlicensedinterference
Inter-cellcompetition+interference
macrosignaltonearbyUEcandrownsmallcell
transmission
•Multi-RadioSmallCells• 66%willhave3G,LTE-FDD/TDD&WiFi by20171
• backhaulutilization‘step’withintra-cellhand-off 3G:10mbps4G:35mbpsWiFi:150mbps
•IncreasedHand-offs• Ping-Pong:movingthroughsmallcells&SC- macro• excessivesignalingcandisruptQoEordropsessions
(1)Infonetics, 2013
•NetworkAccessClosertoCustomers• shearnumberofinter-communicatingcellsmeanmoresubtletrafficpatternshifts– andlessvisibility
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SMALLCELLS● DYNAMICTHREATSTOQOS
EvolvingStandards
NewServicesVoLTE,UC
NewVendorFirmware
HetNetConfigChanges
•ShiftingTrafficPatterns&Capacity• Timeofday,week,year+events• ImpactofweatheronRFlinkcapacity
Real-TimeBackhaulMonitoringrequiredtomaintainQoSinahighlydynamicenvironment
VarietyofBackhaulTechnology• Rangeofcapacities,latencies(RFvs.fiber)• PrivateLAN/internetaccessvariability
•Multi-VendorHetNetInterop• VariationinPolicy&ChangeControl(PCC)&multi-tierQoSimplementations
•DynamicConfiguration:SON• Largelyvendor-proprietary.Poortuningimpactsperformanceandstability.
•DynamicRFOptimization• Transmissionpower,gainadjustmentsforcoverage,capacity,power(sleepmode)• Antennatilt:interference&coveragecompensation
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SMALLCELLS● NEWBACKHAULPERFORMANCEASSURANCECHALLENGES
DiverseBackhaulTech
HighlyDynamicHetNet
Inter-cellTraffic
LatencyStacking
DedicatedNetworkInterfaceDevice(NID)PluggableSmartSFPSWAgent $
$$$$$$
Ethernet EthernetIPY.1731PMY.1731PM
*realtimeservicesonly(1)Informa 2013
•3+ServiceDataFlow(SDF)Classes• Mustcoexist&beenforced:QCI&ARP,GBR&MBR*• Multi-vendor:end-to-endQoS‘bearer’fidelity
•AsymmetricalCapacity
•SONQoS• Performancevalidation&tuning fromDeployment toOptimization&Maintenance
DiverseQoSNeeds
Performanceascriticalasmacrocells, butcost,size,power,OpEx restricted• demands fewest/simplestpossible truckrolls• favorsembedded, virtualinstrumentation
BackhaulmovestoL3withLTE(EPC)• L2monitoring can’tspanL3domains
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“Unifyingvisibilityovermulti-vendorHet-Nets”
SMALLCELLS● BACKHAULPERFORMANCEASSURANCEFUNDAMENTALS
FollowtheTopologyInter-cell&cell-to-coreconnections:passivereflectors¢ralizedtestingisnotenough
•ManyMovingParts● HighlyDynamic
NoSubstituteforRealData•Activation ● Operation ● Optimization
Standards-Based Interoperable
Ubiquitous One-WayMetrics
Accurate&Precise Granular
Continuous Real-Time
Programmable Open
AssureFullLifecycle
EmploySONPrinciplesHybriddistributed/centralizedgivesscale.Centralizationrequired forSDN,policies,etc.
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“Toolsandmethodologies forautomatingprovisioningarebecomingmoreandmorecriticalasthevolumeofsmallcellsdeployments increase.Solutions willallowforefficientdeployment withlessmanualintervention.”DavidOrloff,DirectorofSmallCells, AT&T
“Standards-Based,ProgrammableTurn-UpTestingforRapidDeployment”
SMALLCELLS● SERVICEACTIVATIONTESTING(SAT)
• Multi-stream Y.1564&RFC-2544,Layers2&3• EverySite:low-costpluggabletestmodules• EveryPath: Inter-Cell,Core-to-Cell,Multi-Segment,Multi-Site
• 1-Way orroundtrip• Distributed,scalabletrafficgeneration
• Workflow-Automation:SmallCellDiscovered:SATTestSequenceExecuted
• CentralizedControl:ImmediateorScheduled,SingleSiteorBatch
• Real-Time results&baselinereports:OpenAPI/NBI
Elements
Modules
Actuators
AAV
SCaaS
INTERNET
RRHs
BBUs
CustomerLAN
MSC
SC-GW
TestResults
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SMALLCELLS● BACKHAULPERFORMANCEMONITORING
MSC
ITU-TY.1731(L2)&TWAMPRFC5357(L3)• NGMNAlliance-recommended forinteroperability• KPIs:delay,delay-var,packetloss, availability
+Utilization• forQoS,optimization,planning• Port&SDFutilizationneeded
+DerivedStats• percentiles,mean,min/max• MOS,RforVoLTE• forestvs.trees1
(1)Withsomanyend-points,flows, segments&KPIs,floods ofalarmscanoccur. Percentilesfilteroutliers,e.g.delay<8ms99%ofthetime.
IPsec,signaling&protocoloverhead ~30%
ServiceDataFlows
Ethernet EthernetIP Y.1731PMY.1731PM
TWAMP
PMActuator
Modules PASWAgent
Standards-Compliant NEs
TWAMP/OAMReflectors:
Network State+REAL-TIMEDATABASE
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SMALLCELLBACKHAUL● DYNAMICPERFORMANCEOPTIMIZATION(DPO)
•BackhaulBandwidthisPrecious• SONoptimizesRFandperformancebetweencells• Backhaulalsobenefitsfromdynamicperformanceoptimization• Pushingdatadown-linkwithoutNetworkStateknowledgemeansloss,retransmission,poorQoS• DPOeliminatesRF-linkloss&congestion• Retransmitsmovedoutofbackhaultohead-end
Real-TimePer-FlowPM
Standards-Based
RFLinkCapacityAwareness
DynamicH-QoSTieredShaping
DPOController
SkyLIGHT™PerformancePlatform
Network State+
Head-EndRouterwithH-QoS
AggregationSwitch-Router
FadingLinks
Flowsonfadedlinksshapedat
head-endtomatchdown-linkcapacity
RecoverUpto30%Capacity
LosslessBackhaul
Nano,antModule&StandardOAM/TWAMPreflectorsusedtomeasurePM&link-capacity
PMActuator
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SMALLCELLSBACKHAUL● FUTUREPERFORMANCE
LTE-A,LTE-FDD/TDD,VoLTE:tighter specs5Gabout5yearsawayMigrationtoCloudRAN• NFVIwillalsoneedtobemonitored
NFVwillsupplementmodules’capabilities
Accedian solutionscanscaleto5G
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PERFORMANCEASSUREDSMALLCELLBACKHAUL● CONCLUSIONS
62MSmallCellswillcarrythemajorityoftrafficin2years
•Backhaulperformancemustbetighterthanwithmacro
•HetNets arehighlydynamic● Backhaultechisdiversifying
•Visibilitydecreasingasnetworksmoveclosertocustomers
MoreHand-Offs
LongerBackhaulChains
Standards-Based
Interoperable
Ubiquitous One-Way
Accurate&Precise Granular
Continuous
Real-Time Programmable
Open
•Activation● Operation● Optimization
BackhaulPerformanceAssuranceneedstobeasflexibleasHetNets themselves
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