Download - Site Speed Fundamentals
![Page 1: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Site Speed Fundamentals
![Page 2: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is Site Speed?
![Page 3: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Site Speed -> Page Speed
![Page 4: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Time until page gets fully loaded.
![Page 7: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Time until user can start interacting with page.
![Page 8: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Why is Site Speed important?
![Page 9: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Need for speed is proven
![Page 10: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
http://www.nngroup.com/articles/response-times-3-important-limits/Jakob Nielsen on response time limits
0.1 seconds make user feel that the system is reacting instantaneously
![Page 11: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
http://www.nngroup.com/articles/response-times-3-important-limits/Jakob Nielsen on response time limits
0.1 seconds make user feel that the system is reacting instantaneously
1 second is the limit for the user's flow of thought to stay uninterrupted
![Page 12: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
http://www.nngroup.com/articles/response-times-3-important-limits/Jakob Nielsen on response time limits
0.1 seconds make user feel that the system is reacting instantaneously
1 second is the limit for the user's flow of thought to stay uninterrupted
10 seconds is the limit for keeping the user's attention focused on the dialogue
![Page 13: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Site speed has an impact on conversion rates ...
![Page 14: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
http://de.slideshare.net/devonauerswald/walmart-pagespeedslide
![Page 15: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
… and other business metrics
● bounce rate
● cart size
● revenue
● time on site
● page views
http://www.soasta.com/whitepapers/time-is-money-the-business-value-of-web-performance/Time is Money, The Business Value of Web Performance, Tammy Everts
● user satisfaction
● user retention
● organic search traffic
● brand perception
● productivity
![Page 16: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
However sites are getting bigger
![Page 17: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
http://httparchive.org/trends.php?s=All&minlabel=Jan+1+2014&maxlabel=Oct+15+2015#bytesTotal&reqTotal
![Page 18: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
But next billion users will access Web ...
![Page 19: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
… through feature phones, like a Nokia X2-01, ...
https://brucelawson.github.io/talks/2015/velocity/velocity-AMS.pdf Top Handsets: India
![Page 20: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
... and bad (2G) networks
https://brucelawson.github.io/talks/2015/velocity/velocity-AMS.pdf Network Bangladeshhttps://www.stateoftheinternet.com/trends-visualizations-connectivity-global-heat-map-internet-speeds-broadband-adoption.html
![Page 21: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
What does Site Speed depend on?
![Page 22: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Latency and bandwidth mostly
![Page 23: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
LatencyTime from source sending a packet to destination receiving it
![Page 24: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
LatencyTime from source sending a packet to destination receiving it
BandwidthMaximum throughput of a logical or physical communication path
![Page 25: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
http://chimera.labs.oreilly.com/books/1230000000545/ch01.html
![Page 26: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Submarine fibre links 70 Tbit/s
http://submarinecablemap.com
![Page 27: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
http://www.speedtest.net
Last mile Leipzig cable 5 Mbit/s
![Page 28: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Last mile Bangladesh 2G EDGE network 500 Kbit/s
![Page 29: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Site speed depends most on network latency
and round trip times (RTT) ...
![Page 30: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Dallas
New York
Sydney
https://wondernetwork.com/pings/Dallas
![Page 31: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Dallas
New York
Sydney
https://wondernetwork.com/pings/Dallas
Distance 2235 km
![Page 32: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Dallas
New York
Sydney
https://wondernetwork.com/pings/Dallas
Distance 2235 kmRTT 42.45 ms
![Page 33: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Dallas
New York
Sydney
https://wondernetwork.com/pings/Dallas
Distance 2235 kmRTT 42.45 ms
Speed of light in vacuum = ~300 km/msSpeed of light in optical fiber = ~200 km/msRTT = 2236 km * 1 ms / 200 km * 2 = 22.36 msDeviation = 22.36 ms / 42.45 ms - 100 = 47,32%
![Page 34: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Dallas
New York
Sydney
https://wondernetwork.com/pings/Dallas
![Page 35: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Dallas
New York
Sydney
https://wondernetwork.com/pings/Dallas
Distance 13822 km
![Page 36: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Dallas
New York
Sydney
https://wondernetwork.com/pings/Dallas
Distance 13822 kmRTT 194.23 ms
![Page 37: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Site speed depends on DNS lookup, TCP handshake
and TCP slow-start
![Page 38: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Application Layer
Transport Layer
Network Layer
Network Interface Layer
Short reminder - TCP/IP Network Model
TCP/IP Layers
HTTP
TCP/IP Protocols
FTP Telnet SMTP DNS
TCP UDP
IP ARP ICMP IGMP
Ethernet Token RingOther Link-Layer
Protocols
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_protocol_suite
![Page 39: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Loading a basic Web site ...
we need DNS
● to resolve domain name, i.e. www.spreadshirt.com, to IP address
we need HTTP
● to load HTML and depending resources like CSS, Javascript and Images
![Page 40: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Application Layer
Transport Layer
Network Layer
Network Interface Layer
DNS Protocol Stack
TCP/IP Layers
HTTP
TCP/IP Protocols
FTP Telnet SMTP DNS
TCP UDP
IP ARP ICMP IGMP
Ethernet Token RingOther Link-Layer
Protocols
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_protocol_suite
![Page 41: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Application Layer
Transport Layer
Network Layer
Network Interface Layer
HTTP Protocol Stack
TCP/IP Layers
HTTP
TCP/IP Protocols
FTP Telnet SMTP DNS
TCP UDP
IP ARP ICMP IGMP
Ethernet Token RingOther Link-Layer
Protocols
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_protocol_suite
![Page 42: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Ethernet
IP
TCP
Protocols are wrapped in each other
HTTP
![Page 43: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Ethernet
IP
TCP
Each protocol adds additional overhead
HTTP
Ethernet header … (uncompressed)
IP header … (uncompressed)
TCP header … (uncompressed)
HTTP Header … (uncompressed)
HTTP Payload … (compressed or uncompressed)like HTML, Javascript, CSS, Images
1460 byte payload1480 byte payload
1500 byte payload
![Page 44: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Three-way handshake startsTCP connection
![Page 45: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
http://chimera.labs.oreilly.com/books/1230000000545/ch02.html
![Page 46: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Data exchange starts via TCP slow-start
![Page 47: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
![Page 48: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
![Page 49: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
![Page 50: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
How many round trips do we need for loading a Web page?
![Page 51: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Round trips required
DNS lookup1 RTT
TCP handshake
1 RTT
HTTP Request1-n RTTs
![Page 52: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
How many round trips are required for loading www.speadshirt.com from different locations?
DNS TCP handshake HTTP request Sum
Dallas - New York 42.45 ms 42.45 ms 2 x 42.45 ms 169.80 ms (4)
Dallas - Sydney 194.23 ms 194.23 ms 2 x 194.23 ms 776.92 ms (4)
spreadshirt.com = 500 byte (header) + 24 kb (compressed payload) = 25 576 byte segments = 25 576 byte / 1460 byte = 17,5 = ~18initial congestion window (segments) = 10 (instead of 4 see link) -> 14 600 byte
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6928Increase of initial congestion window from 4 to 10
![Page 53: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Why don’t we use multiple TCP connections to parallelize things?
![Page 54: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Number of TCP connections per domain is limited
http://www.browserscope.org/?category=network&v=top
Browser Connections per Domain Max Connections
Chrome 46.0.2490 6 10
Safari 9.0.1 6 16
Firefox 42.0.1 6 17
Internet Explorer 11 13 17
![Page 55: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Each additional TCP connection comes at a cost!
![Page 56: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Site Speed depends on processing time
![Page 57: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
DNS lookupInitial connection(TCP handshake +
Client send)
Time to first byte(Server processing)
Content download(Client receive)
![Page 58: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Site Speed also depends on critical rendering path (CRP)
and page load times
![Page 59: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Render tree construction works as follows
![Page 60: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/performance/critical-rendering-path/
![Page 61: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Problem is that CSS is render blocking
![Page 62: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
2 critical resources
2 or more round trips for the minimum critical path length
9 KB of critical bytes
https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/performance/critical-rendering-path/
![Page 63: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Next problem is that WebFonts block text painting
![Page 64: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/performance/critical-rendering-path/
![Page 65: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
And Javascript is parser blocking
![Page 66: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/performance/critical-rendering-path/
3 critical resources
2 or more round trips for the minimum critical path length
11 KB of critical bytes
![Page 67: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
The difference is ...
![Page 68: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
![Page 69: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
But wait. Does the whole page need to be rendered?
![Page 70: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
![Page 71: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Viewport
![Page 72: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Viewport Above the fold
Below the fold
![Page 73: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
ViewportMac
ViewportIPad
![Page 74: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
User can start interacting with page
Page is fully loaded
Page starts loading
![Page 75: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
How can we measure Site Speed and its business impact?
![Page 76: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Which metrics are available?
![Page 77: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Core metrics overview
time to first byte
![Page 78: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Core metrics overview
time to first byte start render time
![Page 79: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Core metrics overview
time to first byte start render time
above the fold time
![Page 80: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Core metrics overview
time to first byte start render time
above the fold time page load time
![Page 81: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Metric detailstime to first byte start render time page load time fully loaded
above the fold time
![Page 82: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
Metric detailsbackend frontend
![Page 83: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
Metric detailsDNS lookup
Init TCP connectionServer processing
Content download
![Page 84: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
Metric detailsNumber of resources and transfered bytes +
order of resources
![Page 85: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
How can we continuously measure Site Speed?
![Page 86: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Generic testing with WebPagetest
![Page 87: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
![Page 88: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
Synthetic monitoringwith Rigor
![Page 89: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
![Page 90: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Real user monitoringwith SOASTA
![Page 91: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
![Page 92: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
![Page 93: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
How can we optimize Site Speed?
![Page 94: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
How do we find out what needs to be optimized?
![Page 95: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
Focus on important pages
● pages that drive in traffic
● pages where people browse and search
● pages that have impact on business metrics
![Page 96: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
Compare to competition
![Page 97: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
Focus on frontend rather than backend
backend frontend
![Page 98: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
Focus on important resources
![Page 99: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
Have a look at third party content
![Page 100: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
Have baseline measurements in connection to business metrics in place
![Page 101: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
Find out what to optimize
Start with free tools like
● WebPagetest
http://www.webpagetest.org
● PageSpeed Insights
https://developers.google.com/speed/pagespeed/insights/
● Chrome Developer Tools
https://developer.chrome.com/devtools#audits
Consider to buy tools like
● Zoompf
https://zoompf.com
![Page 102: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
Which optimization rules exist?
![Page 103: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
Basic Optimizations
● Avoid landing page redirects
● Reuse connections
● Reduce HTTP requests
● Reduce DNS lookups
● Improve server response times
● Leverage caching
● Enable compression
● Minify resources
● Optimize images
● Shard dominant domains
● Serve static content from cookieless domain
● Make Javascript and CSS external
● Optimize CSS delivery
● Prioritize visible content
● Flush document early
● Remove render-blocking Javascript
● Use asynchronous scripts
● Reduce DOM complexity
● Optimize CSS
● Optimize Javascript
● ...
https://developers.google.com/speed/docs/insights/ruleshttp://stevesouders.com/efws/blogposts.php
![Page 104: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
Live Demo
![Page 105: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
HTTP/2 is on its way and will make some optimizations obsolete
![Page 106: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
Key take aways
![Page 107: Site Speed Fundamentals](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022030312/58ee088e1a28abce748b4643/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
Key take aways
● Latency, bandwidth and TCP/IP network model are limiting factors
● Look at frontend times if you want to improve user experience
● Understand critical rendering path and page load times
● Setup baseline measurements in connection to business metrics
● Optimize in iterations and compare results (or better run A/B tests)