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PRECISE. PROVEN. PERFORMANCE.
Ship operating costs: Current and future trendsRichard Greiner, Moore Stephens LLPDecember 2013
Shipping
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Introduction
• Richard Greiner is a partner in the shipping industry group and has more than 30 years’ experience in providing assurance and advisory services to the shipping industry.
• He is a regular speaker at shipping and ship finance conferences and seminars and has written articles and papers on shipping finance and accounts. Richard leads the Moore Stephens ship operating costs benchmarking report, OpCost.
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Overview
• Introduction to OpCost
• OpCost 2013 results
• Future cost trends
• OpCost online
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OpCost features
• Vessel operating cost benchmarking tool
• 26 vessel types:
– Including 5 Bulker, 12 Tanker and 3 Container ship types
• 12 cost categories:
– Including crew costs, stores, repairs & maintenance and insurance as well as dry-docking
• Over 2,650 vessels in OpCost 2013 database
• Exclusive to Moore Stephens
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OpCost 2013 results
• OpCost indices (by sector)
• Daily running cost rates (by vessel type)
• Analysis of:
– Crew costs
– Stores
– Repairs and maintenance
– Insurance
• Drydock
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OpCost indices
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Total operating costs 2012:2011
Source: Moore Stephens OpCost 2013
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Operating costs – Bulker
OpCost 2013
Daily Rate US$
Year on year
change (%)
Handysize 5,271 -1.3
Handymax 5,831 -3.1
Panamax 6,265 -5.2
Capesize 7,433 -4.2
Weighted average -3.9%
Source: Moore Stephens OpCost 2013
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Operating costs – Tanker
OpCost 2013
Daily Rate US$
Year on year
change (%)
Product 7,995 -4.5
Handysize Product 7,747 -1.0
Panamax 8,459 0.5
Aframax 8,172 -4.0
Suezmax 9,262 -4.3
VLCC 10,350 -4.0
Weighted average -2.7%
Source: Moore Stephens OpCost 2013
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Operating costs – Container ship
OpCost 2013
Daily Rate US$
Year on year
change (%)
Feedermax (100-1,000 TEU) 4,453 -1.7
Container Ship (1,000-2,000 TEU) 5,310 -0.6
Main Liner (2,000-6,000 TEU) 7,513 -2.8
Weighted average -1.8%
Source: Moore Stephens OpCost 2013
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OpCost crew costs indices
Source: Moore Stephens OpCost 2013
For tankers and bulkers 2000 equals 100, for containers 2002 equals 100
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Ind
ex
po
ints
Year
Bulker Tanker Container
Crew wages, provisions and crew other
-1.0%
-0.5%
-2.3%
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OpCost stores indices
Source: Moore Stephens OpCost 2013
For tankers and bulkers 2000 equals 100, for containers 2002 equals 100
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Ind
ex
po
ints
Year
Bulker Tanker Container
Lubricants and stores other
-4.5%
-1.4%
-2.9%
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OpCost repairs & maintenance indices
Source: Moore Stephens OpCost 2013
For tankers and bulkers 2000 equals 100, for containers 2002 equals 100
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Ind
ex
po
ints
Year
Bulker Tanker Container
Spares and other repairs
& maintenance-4.6%
-2.0%
-2.9%
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OpCost insurance indices
Source: Moore Stephens OpCost 2013
For tankers and bulkers 2000 equals 100, for containers 2002 equals 100
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Ind
ex
po
ints
Year
Bulker Tanker Container
P&I and H&M
-8.9%
-1.5%
-7.0%
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Drydock costs and duration
Source: Moore Stephens OpCost 2013
Drydock days (average)
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OpCost 2013: A summary
• OpCost 2013 annual change (%):
– Bulker -3.9
– Tanker -2.7
– Container ship -1.8
• Annual average change (%):
– Bulker 4.8
– Tanker 5.2
– Container ship 5.3
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OpCost 2014
• To be published September 2014
• Aiming for increased participation and more vessel types
• Ideas for new features welcome
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Future operating costs survey
• Respondents
• Expected cost increases
• Influencing factors
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Respondents by type
Source: Moore Stephens, 2013 Future operating costs survey
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Respondents by location
Source: Moore Stephens, 2013 Future operating costs survey
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Respondents by sector
Source: Moore Stephens, 2013 Future operating costs survey
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Expected cost increases
2013
3.0%
2014
3.2%Overall – mean
Source: Moore Stephens, 2013 Future operating costs survey
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Expected increases by cost type
2013
2.4%
2.1%
2.2%
1.9%
2.1%
2.3%
2.0%
2.4%
1.4%
2.1%
2014
2.5%
2.2%
2.2%
2.0%
2.3%
2.4%
2.3%
2.5%
1.7%
2.4%
Cost type – mean
Crew wages
Other crew
Lubricants
Stores
Spares
R&M
H&M
P&I
Management fees
Drydock
Source: Moore Stephens, 2013 Future operating costs survey
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OpCost vs. Forecast survey
-5,0%
-4,0%
-3,0%
-2,0%
-1,0%
0,0%
1,0%
2,0%
3,0%
4,0%
5,0%
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Percentage change in overall operating costs (y-o-y)
OpCost vs. Forecast survey
OpCost
Forecast Survey
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Factors influencing operating costs
Source: Moore Stephens, 2013 Future operating costs survey
2%
10%
13%
16%
18%
20%
21%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
Other
Raw material costs
Labour costs
Demand trends
Competition
Crew supply
Finance costs
Most influential factors on vessel operating costs over next 12 months
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OpCost online
• User friendly interface
• Interactive charting and data analysis
• Two licence levels
• More features in 2014
www.opcostonline.com
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PRECISE. PROVEN. PERFORMANCE.
Ship operating costs: Current and future trendsRichard Greiner, Moore Stephens LLPDecember 2013
Shipping