Download - Shawn Frayne International Development Design Summit, MIT 2007 [email protected] 650.279.0109
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“Harder problems make for better inventions.”
-Kurt Kornbluth
Or
Constraints are good.
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Example #1: SODIS Gets a New Bag
• SODIS = SOlar water DISinfection, pioneered by SANDEC.
• Two million people use SODIS regularly for their clean water.
• Old 1-2 L bottles are the typical container for SODIS.
Photo by SANDEC, www.sodis.ch
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The Challenge: Improve the SODIS Bag
• Improving the SODIS bag was a D-Lab Design Challenge from 2004-2005.
• 2 million current users. Why so few? • Bottles are keeping SODIS from reaching a
wider audience. (Shipping bottles is shipping empty space)
• SANDEC realized this, and did a large-scale trial of bags. At first, the bags were received well (“Swiss-made. Whoo!), but then abandoned.
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SODIS Bag: The Constraints
• Constraints:– Can be manufactured in Haiti– Will last for two months– Less than US$0.50 selling price– Easy to fill– Easy to pour– Marketable (e.g., must be able to convince
people that this is a unique bag that can actually disinfect water)
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The SODIS valve
The difficultconstraints forcedthe innovation of anew type of valve.
This valve had strongnovelty, and so waspatented in theUS/EU, and rights innon-solar disinfection applications sold to a Fortune 500 company.
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Example #2: Non-revolutionary wind
The history of wind power is a history of rotating systems
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Small-scale Wind: The Constraints
• Constraints:– $1-5 wind generator can light 2 white LEDs,
charge a cell phone, or power a radio– Can be manufactured in Haiti – No specialized materials required – If magnets are necessary, they must be small– Easy to repair, improve– Minimize grinding, wearable parts
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The Future of Wind Power
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• Lift & drag over a wing governs turbine-based generators.
• Fortunately, the world is full of wonder (and other aerodynamic effects).
• Humdinger’s technologies use aeroelastic flutter: A destructive force, reformed.
How to Make Wind Small, without Turbines
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How the “windbelt” works
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• Approximately 10x greater efficiencies than recently published state-of-the-art in micro-turbines.
• The reality of a “printable” wind generator! • New, licensable applications in wealthy countries
– there is no other small-wind power.• Still open-source in developing countries.• Share of royalties will fund the development of
the much longer maturation, but much larger markets in Haiti and other developing countries.
“Windbelt” Technology Works
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Appropriate technology is better technology.
• The revolutionary inventions of the next 50-100 years – the industry starters – will mostly be created in developing countries.– Wind, ocean, solar power, biogas, urban planning,
food processing, clean water, ICT, business models
• IDDS is one of the first conferences in the world that will help make this possible.