1September 1999
Safety Audit
What is a safety audit? A safety audit is an examination or
inspection of a planned project or an existing road from a traffic safety point of view.
2September 1999
Safety Audit
When can a safety audit be carried out? A safety audit can be carried out at
different stages - on planned projects (during preliminary design phase or detailed design phase) or on existing roads.
3September 1999
Safety Audit
Where (on what kind of project) can a safety audit be carried out? A safety audit can be carried out on
most kinds of existing or future roads or traffic projects.
4September 1999
Safety Audit
How is a safety audit carried out? A road safety audit is a formal
examination in which an independent, qualified examiner (or a group of examiners), reports on the project’s or the road’s accident potential and safety performance.
5September 1999
Safety Audit
Planned Projects Existing Roads1. Preliminary Design
2. Final Design
3. Function and Standard
4. Road Work Operations
6September 1999
Safety Audit
Planned Projects –Preliminary Design
No Item Example of elements to reviewGeneral Project Data
1 Project Layout Road functionEffects on other roadsTraffic separation
2 Basic Design Criteria Design SpeedDesign Capacity
7September 1999
Safety Audit
No Item Example of elements to reviewGeometric Design
3 Alignment Horizontal and vertical alignmentAlignment consistency
4 Cross Section Roadway widthCapacity
5 Intersections Need and frequencyLocation
6 Interchanges Need and frequencyLocation
7 Road Side facilities RequirementLocation
8 Facilities for pedestriansand other road users
RequirementLocation
8September 1999
Safety AuditPlanned Projects – Final Design
No Item Example of elements to reviewGeometric Design
1 Alignment Sight distanceHorizontal and vertical alignment
2 Cross section RoadwayMediansRoad side areas
3 Intersections Geometric design4 Interchanges Geometric design5 Road Side Facilities Location
AccessDesign
9September 1999
Safety Audit
No Item Example of elements to reviewRoad Equipment
6 Facilities for pedestriansand other road users
LocationDesign
7 Guard Rails RequirementLocationDesign
8 Signs RequirementDirectional signing systemPositioning and visibility
9 Markings RequirementPositioning and visibility
10 Lighting RequirementConflicts with other road equipment
10September 1999
Safety AuditExisting Roads - Function and Standard
No Item Example of elements to review1 Roadways Pavement
Drainage2 Road Side Areas Width and slope
ObstaclesVegetation
3 Interchanges Geometric designSigns and markingsTraffic safety device
4 Intersections Geometric designSigns and markingsTraffic safety deviceFacilities for other road users
5 Road Side Facilities LocationAccessDesign
11September 1999
Safety AuditNo Item Example of elements to review6 Facilities for pedestrians
and other road usersLocationAccessDesign
7 Guard Rails RequirementsLocationStandard
8 Signs Requirement and amountSystem consistencyDirectional signing systemPositioning and visibilityStandard
9 Markings Requirement and amountSystem consistencyPositioning and visibilityStandard
10 Traffic Signals Positioning and visibilityStandard and function
11 Lighting Standard and function
12September 1999
Safety Audit
Road Work Operations
No Item Example of elements to review1 Planning Traffic control plan
Construction methods2 Information Signs, advertisements3 Connections to
adjoining roadsLocationAlignment and widthPavement and drainage
4 TemporaryRoads/Lanes
Alignment and widthPavement and drainage
5 Road Side Areas WidthSurfaceObstacles
13September 1999
Safety Audit
No Item Example of elements to review6 Temporary Signs and
MarkingsNeeds and amountSystem consistencyPositioning
7 Temporary SafetyMeasures
GuardrailsHumps and Rumble strips
8 Road EquipmentStandard
PostsReflection capability
9 Workers SafetyMeasures
Safety BarriersProtection Zones
10 Work Site AccessParking and storage areas
14September 1999
Safety Audit
Planned project - Preliminary design Text
General informationPlanning conditionsDesign criteria
DrawingsHorizontal and vertical alignmentsLocation and type of intersections
15September 1999
Safety Audit
Planned project - Final design Drawings
Horizontal and vertical alignmentsCross sectionsIntersection designRoad side facilitiesFacilities for pedestrians and other road
usersRoad equipmentTraffic controlRoad lightning
16September 1999
Safety AuditPlanned project - Checklist example
17September 1999
Safety Audit
Planned project - example of worksheetRoad Traffic Safety Audit of Planned Project
Ankara/Esenboða Ayr - Akyurt
Alignment Standard Intersectýons
Vertical Alignment Horizontal Alignment Design Speed Rýght LeftKm Radius Length Center Tangent Tangent Center Radius Length Vertical Horizontal Km Major Mýnor Mýnor Major
Slope Sight Comfort Sight Gap Gap0.000 0.000 K- 10.060 0,44 0.060 0.190 0.190 0.203 Sag 0.203 350 285 700.250 -10088 120 0.250 120 1200.310 0.310 0.340 0.340 0.345 1,12 0.345
0.390 Crest 0.390 0.450 27360 120 0.450 120 1200.510 0.510
0,87 0.540 0.200 0.580 0.580 0.620 0.080 0.778 0.778 500 397 90 0.680 0.680 0.820 Sag 0.820 0.890 -2026 140 0.890 <70 1000.960 0.960 0.976 0.976 0.960 0.340
4,811.120 Crest 1.120 1.200 2060 160 1.200 <70 901.280 1.280 1.280 0.320
0,381.963 1.963 1.800 K- 2 0.520 1.120 2.112 2.112 900 298 1102.261 2.261
2.310 K- 3 0.510 2.353 2.353 2.410 Sag 2.410 2.470 -11937 120 2.470 120 1202.527 2.527 600 285 1002.530 2.530 2.701 0,95 2.701
3.030 K- 4 0.720 3.400 Crest 3.400 3.500 14883 200 3.500 100 1203.600 3.600
0,19
18September 1999
Safety Audit
Existing road - example of worksheetAppendix: Safety auditing (Field investigation of safety risks)Pilot Project, Road 140, CSN 06, km 11-25.
Kilo-meter
Distance(m)
Type ofhazard
Comments Proposal of short term countermeasures
11 0 Start of safety audit11 160 11 Entrance to Ülker, right side11 170 End of speed limit 70 km/h. Attention! There are no
speed limit sign when you are coming from Akyurt.11 170 17 Flashing light post, right side11 170-400 15 Speed limit 90 km/h Change the speed limit to 50 km/h11 650 20 Concrete poles, right side11 750-880 99 Bushes reducing sight distance in a bend, left side Remove the bushes11 880 Entrance/end of Altinova12 0 7 High embankment, left side12 40 99 Poor pedestrian crossing Apply horizontal markings12 50-250 3 Wide gravel shoulders, right side12 80-260 1 No shoulder on left side12 250 99 Pedestrian crossing Apply horizontal markings12 270 10 Undefined junction area12 280 99 Pedestrian crossing Apply horizontal markings12 290 17 Flashing light post, left side12 400-999 2,3 Both sides12 450-999 16 Speed limit 50 km/h Change the speed limit to 70 km/h13 0-50 16 Speed limit 50 km/h Change the speed limit to 70 km/h13 0-180 2,3 Both sides13 100 12 Many entrances, right side13 150 18 Trees, left side
19September 1999
Safety Audit
Example of road side hazard
20September 1999
Safety Audit
Example of road side hazard
21September 1999
Safety Audit
Example of road side hazard
22September 1999
Safety Audit
Example of road side hazard
23September 1999
Safety Audit
24September 1999
Safety Audit