Download - Sedition 2008
FAREWELLFAREWELLPlease remember…Please remember…....
The U.S. after The U.S. after George Washington George Washington
The Constitution in 1796 required presidential electors to place the names of two individuals on their ballots; the candidate with the highest vote count, if a majority, became the president and the runner up the vice president.
The results were not anticipated by anyone.The results were not anticipated by anyone. Adams won with 71 electoral votes, but was followed by Thomas Jefferson with 68 votes; Thomas Pinckney trailed the leaders with 59. The president was a Federalist, but the vice president was the leader of the Democratic Republicans opposition – an untidy situation.
ELECTION of 1796ELECTION of 1796
Northern votes for Northern votes for AdamsAdams
Southern votes for Southern votes for JeffersonJefferson
““Sectionalism”Sectionalism”
President John Adams leader President John Adams leader of the Federalist Partyof the Federalist Party
Vice President Thomas Vice President Thomas Jefferson leader of the Jefferson leader of the Democratic RepublicansDemocratic Republicans
President John Adams
XYZ AffairXYZ Affair
Undeclared war Undeclared war with Francewith France
Domestic Domestic IssuesIssues
Alien ActsAlien ActsSedition ActsSedition Acts
Virgina Virgina ResolutionResolution
Kentucky Kentucky ResoultionResoultion
To counter a growing “threat” against government, the FederalistsFederalists pushed four measure known as the Alien and Sedition Acts through Congress in 1798.
THE ALIEN and SEDITION ACTSTHE ALIEN and SEDITION ACTS
American citizenship requirements raised from 5 –14 years; jail time or fines for anyone expressing opinions damaging to the government; President could deport violatorsTARGETED:Foreigners (immigrants, French and British radicals), and members of the Democratic – Republicans RESULTS: Federal government prosecuted and jailed Republican editors, publishers, and politicians
Alien and Sedition Alien and Sedition Acts 1798Acts 1798
Espionage and Sedition Espionage and Sedition Acts 1917Acts 1917
A person could be fined up to $10,000/20 years in prison if they interfered with the draft, obstructed the sale of bonds, or saying anything profane, disloyal, or abusive about the war effort
RESULTS:6,000 arrests for loosely defined anti-war activities (1,500 convictions)
House of Reps refused to seat a Socialists Congressman critical of the war
Supreme Court hears Schenck v. U.S case in 1917
The Alien Registration Act of 1940 (Smith
Act)
The act, which made it an offense to advocate or belong to a group that advocated the violent overthrow of the government.
was the basis of later prosecutions of members of the Communist and Socialist Workers parties.
WAR TIME CONSTITUIONAL ISSUES
Patriotism and Political OppositionPatriotism and Political OppositionThe Patriot Act 2004The Patriot Act 2004
Providing Appropriate Tools Required to
Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism
Under the threat of war with France, Under the threat of war with France, Congress in 1798 passed four laws in an Congress in 1798 passed four laws in an
effort to strengthen the Federal effort to strengthen the Federal government. Known collectively as the government. Known collectively as the Alien and Sedition ActsAlien and Sedition Acts, the legislation , the legislation sponsored by the Federalists was also sponsored by the Federalists was also
intended to quell any political intended to quell any political opposition from the Republicans, led by opposition from the Republicans, led by
Thomas Jefferson.Thomas Jefferson.
The Virginia ResolutionThe Virginia Resolution
The Kentucky ResolutionThe Kentucky Resolution
Claimed the right to declare null and Claimed the right to declare null and void the alien and Sedition acts because void the alien and Sedition acts because it violated the bill of rights.it violated the bill of rights.
Claimed the right to declare null and Claimed the right to declare null and void federal laws going beyond the void federal laws going beyond the powers granted by the Constitution to powers granted by the Constitution to the Federal governmentthe Federal government
FederalismFederalism
What if states What if states ignore a ignore a
Federal law?Federal law?
A FAMILIAR THEME: States RightsA FAMILIAR THEME: States Rights
In 1798 to counter a growing “threat” against government, the Federalists pushed four measure known as the Alien and Sedition Acts through Congress.
The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions Claimed the right to declare null and void federal laws going beyond the powers granted by the Constitution to the Federal government
In 1828: Congress passes In 1828: Congress passes Tariff of Tariff of AbominationsAbominations $45.00 tax on $45.00 tax on imports. Southern Congressmen imports. Southern Congressmen claim the Tariff favors the claim the Tariff favors the manufacturing Northmanufacturing North
John C.Calhoun issues the South Carolina Exposition declaring Tariff of 1832 “null and void”