Section 2The Industrial Revolution
Social Impact of the
Industrial Revolution
Section 2The Industrial Revolution
Main Idea
The transition from cottage industries changed how people worked in factories, what life was like in factory towns, labor conditions, and, eventually, processes within factories.
Social Impact of the Industrial Revolution
Section 2The Industrial Revolution
• Urbanization: the movement of people to cities
• Changes in farming, soaring population and an increase in demand for workers led people to move from farms to the cities
• Small towns near natural resources and cities near factories boomed instantaneity
Urbanization
People Move to New Industrial Cities
• Very little infrastructure
• Little or no regulation of factories
• Polluted air, noise of steam engines, rivers full of waste
• The growth of industry and rapid population growth dramatically changed the location and distribution of 2 resources:
-labor & people
Living Conditions
Section 2The Industrial Revolution
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Section 2The Industrial Revolution
Section 2The Industrial Revolution
New Social Classes Emerge
The Industrial Revolution created two new classes of
people: a middle class of entrepreneurs whose lifestyles
were fairly comfortable and an industrial working class, who
packed into tenements without running water or sanitation
systems. Some British workers staged riots in the early
1800s in protest of poor pay or working conditions.
Methodism became a solace to many of the workers.
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Section 2The Industrial Revolution
Life in the Factories and Mines
• Days were long in the factories and mines and
days off were few. Accidents maimed people;
dust in the mines made people sick. Women
workers had no rest between factory and home
work. Children also worked to keep food on the
table.
Section 2The Industrial Revolution
Women and the Work Place
Section 2The Industrial Revolution
Workers in a New Economy • Wealthy to invest in, own factories
• Mid-level to run factories
• Low-level to run machines
• Factory workers faced harsh conditions
• Miners faced worse conditions
• Children had dangerous jobs
Changing Labor Conditions
• No government regulation
• Labor unions organized but were illegal & held very little political power
• Strikes & Riots brought change: Luddites
The Industrial Working Class
• The poor struggled to survive in slums
• Packed into tiny rooms in tenements
• Disease spread easily
New Class of Workers
• Growth of middle class
• Managers, accountants, engineers, mechanics, salesmen
• Economy increased
The Factory System and Workers
Section 2The Industrial Revolution
Where employees worked
• Major change from cottage industry• Had to leave home to work• Hardships for some workers
Life in factory towns
• Towns grew up around factories• Towns, factories rose near coal mines• Sanitation poor in many factory towns
Working in a factory
• Dangerous work for all• Long workdays• Poor factory conditions common
Factories and Factory Towns
Section 2The Industrial Revolution
The Jungle
Section 2The Industrial Revolution
The factory system changed the world of work. In addition, new processes further changed how people worked in factories.
• Mass production began in U.S.
• Elements:
– Interchangeable parts
– Assembly line
• Production and repair more efficient
• Production more swift
Mass Production• Dramatic increase in
production
• Businesses charged less
• Affordable goods
• More repetitious jobs
• Soon became norm
Effects
Factories and Mass Production
Section 2The Industrial Revolution
Reactions to Industrial Conditions
• Labor Unions
• Laws to protect children in the workplace
• Minimum wage and maximum hour laws
• Federal safety and health standards