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Scripting for All .
ZD
Lindsay Popowski '21, Kewei Zhou '21, Zach DoddsHarvey Mudd College
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CS for All ?
ZD
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CS for All ~ Scripting for All
ZD
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Different views of "The World" ...
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"Scripting for World Domination"
ZD
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"All" ?
Scripting for All Disciplines
ZD
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Scripting for All Colleges
Claremont's Petri DishZD
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Premise ~ Computing is (becoming) a professional literacy.
Challenges:
[Q1] How can CS departments support computing skills? … while encouraging students to retain and grow in other academic identities?
[Q2] What does a CS-for-All college curriculum look like? Our answer:
From Specialty to Literacy
ZD
College Computing ~ College Writing
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Literacy, not a specialty
College Writing
Many ways in Many ways through Many ways from
Writing department?ZD
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Literacy, not a specialty
College Computing
Many ways in Many ways through Many ways from
Computing department?ZD
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Claremont ~ 2025
Discipline-ownedSchool-owned
College ComputingData 8Computing for Insight
Who owns this?
ZD
What is this?
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Since 2009...
CS1 "gold"
CS1 "black"
CS1 "green"
students new to CS
students with some CS
Biology-owned CS1 course
Intro to CS in Python (breadth)
Intro to CS in Python (more breadth)
ZD
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Biology-owned CS1
Projects
Recursion
Iteration
CS1 in which all practice is biologically motivated…
Lectures: ½ CS ½ Bio ZD
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What happens beyond CS1 … ?
CS1 "gold"
CS1 "black"
students new to CS
students with some CS
CS1 "green"
CS2 CS3Java & Racket C++
CS for Insight
Python
ZD - LP
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Intro CS Course taken... CS majors Biology majors
Black 27.6% 2.0%
Gold 17.2% 3.1%
Green 15.0% 18.7%
Biology-owned CS1 ~ Aftermath
Intro CS Course taken... Avg # CS courses taken Avg # Bio courses taken
Black 5.6 1.6
Gold 4.0 1.8
Green 4.3 3.8
9 years of data:~300 green students:
~400 black students, and ~2000 gold students
LP
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Biology-owned CS1 ~ Aftermath
There is room to make CS1 half biology -- not only without harm but with considerable benefit...
9 years of data:~300 green students:
~400 black students, and ~2000 gold students
LP
Intro CS Course taken... CS majors Biology majors
Black 27.6% 2.0%
Gold 17.2% 3.1%
Green 15.0% 18.7%
Intro CS Course taken... Avg # CS courses taken Avg # Bio courses taken
Black 5.6 1.6
Gold 4.0 1.8
Green 4.3 3.8
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● 100 students requested to take the biology-flavored CS1
● 71 students did not request to take the biology-flavored CS1 either they opted for a different section or did not express a preference
Of the students who took CS5 green (biology's CS1)...
How did interest in the biology facets of the course impact the academic journey of these students?We asked
LP
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Course fraction who chose cs5green taking course
fraction who didn't choose cs5green taking course p value
BIOL054 HM 0.38 0.24 0.046BIOL113 HM 0.35 0.17 0.008CSCI060 HM 0.68 0.67 0.854CSCI070 HM 0.45 0.42 0.664CSCI081 HM 0.20 0.14 0.297
Courseaverage grade
(4-pt-scale) of those who chose CS5 Green
average grade (o a 4-pt-scale) of those who didn't choose CS5 Green
p value
BIOL052 HM 2.98 2.76 0.137BIOL054 HM 3.63 3.63 0.978BIOL113 HM 3.42 3.31 0.542CSCI060 HM 3.59 3.47 0.148CSCI070 HM 2.93 3.08 0.290CSCI081 HM 3.13 2.63 0.088
no evidence of a significant difference
p < 0.05
Subsequent-course selection
Results ~ paths chosen vs. paths unchosen
Subsequent-course grades
LP
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Course fraction who chose cs5green taking course
fraction who didn't choose cs5green taking course p value
BIOL054 HM 0.38 0.24 0.046BIOL113 HM 0.35 0.17 0.008CSCI060 HM 0.68 0.67 0.854CSCI070 HM 0.45 0.42 0.664CSCI081 HM 0.20 0.14 0.297
Courseaverage grade
(4-pt-scale) of those who chose CS5 Green
average grade (o a 4-pt-scale) of those who didn't choose CS5 Green
p value
BIOL052 HM 2.98 2.76 0.137BIOL054 HM 3.63 3.63 0.978BIOL113 HM 3.42 3.31 0.542CSCI060 HM 3.59 3.47 0.148CSCI070 HM 2.93 3.08 0.290CSCI081 HM 3.13 2.63 0.088
no evidence of a significant difference
p < 0.05
Subsequent-course selection
Results ~ paths chosen vs. paths unchosen
There is room to make CS1 half biology -- even for students not predisposed to biology !
Subsequent-course grades
LP
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Results ~ all paths
Goal: Not to make everyone be the same, but to make everyone experientially confidentLP
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CS2 identities, past decade
Beyond CS1… ?
ZD
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CS2 growth, past decade
CS2 raw enrollments (also F/M)
If you build it, they will come...
Beyond CS1… ?
ZD
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CS2 for non-majors: 2016, 2017, 2018Homework Subject Topics Assignments
0 Text & File Analysis Python review, Reading/writing text files, GitHub
Ongoing scavenger hunt across a broad, deep directory utilizing particular skills learned in each week
1 Webscraping and APIsRetrieving data from Google Maps, iTunes, and USGS Earthquake API
2 Web Technologies HTML/CSS, Text annotation
3 Data VisualizationMatplotlib, Distinguishing human-generated and batch-mode inputs
Evaluating data in relation to Benford's Law
4 Machine Learning K nearest neighbors using scikit-learn library Neural networks using scikit-learn library
5 Machine LearningDecision trees & random forests using scikit-learn library
Neural networks, TensorFlow
6 Natural Language ProcessingUsing NLTK, gensim (Google's vector representation of word meanings), and TextBlob libraries
Predicting Amazon product review scores using sentiment analysis
7 Computer Vision Pixel processing, Steganography, Green-screening "Photoshopping" text algorithmically
8 Computer Vision K-means image posterization/implementationReading pictures of letters with pixel processing and neural networks
ZD
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CS2 for non-majors: 2016, 2017, 2018Homework Subject Topics Assignments
0 Text & File Analysis Python review, Reading/writing text files, GitHub
Ongoing scavenger hunt across a broad, deep directory utilizing particular skills learned in each week
1 Webscraping and APIsRetrieving data from Google Maps, iTunes, and USGS Earthquake API
2 Web Technologies HTML/CSS, Text annotation
3 Data VisualizationMatplotlib, Distinguishing human-generated and batch-mode inputs
Evaluating data in relation to Benford's Law
4 Machine Learning K nearest neighbors using scikit-learn library Neural networks using scikit-learn library
5 Machine LearningDecision trees & random forests using scikit-learn library
Neural networks, TensorFlow
6 Natural Language ProcessingUsing NLTK, gensim (Google's vector representation of word meanings), and TextBlob libraries
Predicting Amazon product review scores using sentiment analysis
7 Computer Vision Pixel processing, Steganography, Green-screening "Photoshopping" text algorithmically
8 Computer Vision K-means image posterization/implementationReading pictures of letters with pixel processing and neural networks
"CS for Insight"
Neither CS nor SE for its own sake -
but for amplifying other paths.
ZD
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Building "Overlaps" with other disciplines
Professor A. SinhaGovernment Dept.Claremont McKenna College
Professor L. ConnollyPhysics Dept.Harvey Mudd College
NYT Webscraping
Data analysis
ZD - KZ
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● Using scripting to scan a wide breadth of texts for historical information
● Internet Archive and New York Times APIs
● Examining word frequencies over time
● Finding clusters of words that frequently appear together
● Can generate questions for further and closer investigation...
NYT article scraping
KZ
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… into government and international relations, via Professor Sinha
How can we improve process of data collection and analysis in non-STEM fields?
Goal ~ speed up / automate it, while:
a) Maintaining accuracy, b) Keeping the process transparent, andc) Offering new insights or paths ...
NYT Scraping for Insight...
KZ
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Connective computing
● Scanning for articles related to a specific topic (e.g., India) or of a specific type (e.g., Letters to the editor)
● Using Google Cloud Natural Language API for more detailed text analysis
○ Finding overall article sentiments and entity sentiments
○ Analyzing syntax of the texts, including using morphology and dependency tree
KZ
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Connective computing
● Scanning for articles related to a specific topic (e.g., India) or of a specific type (e.g., Letters to the editor)
● Using Google Cloud Natural Language API for more detailed text analysis
○ Finding overall article sentiments and entity sentiments
○ Analyzing syntax of the texts, including using morphology and dependency tree
KZ
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● How do we maintain accuracy?
We want an effective search that removes articles we don’t want
What would a human be looking for or sorting out?
● How do we keep transparency?
We run into this issue with Google Natural Language Processing;
The more advanced and complicated the analysis, the less transparent
● What additional insight can we offer?
Text analysis and identifying key phrases/sentences
Insights for Computing in Non-STEM majors
KZ
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● Switch to python● Leveraging matplotlib, scikit-
learn, and Google's suite● Curve fitting, plus pixel
processing, spreadsheet handling, … computing!
Challenge: How to incorporate computing clearly into a non-CS course without distracting from the primary academic focus, physics.
Physics Lab - Data Analysis
Don't overrun!LP
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Physics Lab ~ Physics, not CS
LP
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● What parts do we have the students do manually?
We let them choose - based on time
● How do we teach the students enough so that they can replicate the analyses, without distracting from the lab?
● What is the best way to introduce python libraries' capabilities, while keeping the lab clear and concise?
Physics Lab - Challenges & Decisions
LPColab: Live-python Google Docs
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We asked, "How can computing serve all disciplines well ?"
Our project has
1. Explored and assessed our current landscape: CS's transition-to-service2. Developed tools to support and encourage collaborations3. Verdict The future's directive is
Looking back, looking forward...
ZD
Overlap! Don't Overrun.
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We asked, "How can computing serve all disciplines well ?"
Our project has
1. Explored and assessed our current landscape: CS's transition-to-service2. Developed tools to support and encourage collaborations3. Verdict The future's directive is
Looking back, looking forward...
Overlap! Don't Overrun.
Computing-as-Literacy ~ More and more, IntroX will be/include CS1
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Slides we're not using...
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Expanding HMC
Introductory CS courses
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Benford's Law!
It works - remarkably well!
Introducing dictionaries
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R versus PythonIntroducing R as a programming language
Side-by-side Comparisons
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Survey of 50 "influential" computer science programs*
Big-picture Landscape
Most commonLeast common
*Niche ranking 2017
Flavored CS1CS2 for non-CS majors Interdisciplinary Majors CS+X Majors & Courses
21 out of 50 . 8 out of 50 . 27 out of 50 . 50 out of 50 .
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Survey of 50 "influential" computer science programs*
Big-picture Landscape
Most commonLeast common
*Niche ranking 2017
Flavored CS1CS2 for non-CS majors Interdisciplinary Majors CS+X Majors & Courses
21 out of 50 . 8 out of 50 . 27 out of 50 . 50 out of 50 .
Computing is growing outward ~
faster than CS departments can adapt!
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Survey of 50 "influential" computer science programs*
Big-picture Landscape
Most commonLeast common
*Niche ranking 2017
Flavored CS1CS2 for non-CS majors Interdisciplinary Majors CS+X Majors & Courses
21 out of 50 . 8 out of 50 . 27 out of 50 . 50 out of 50 .
Local experiments in
this part of CS space...
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Total Number of Students
Choosing biology...
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CS2 for non-CS-majors: First tryHomework Subject Current Topics New Assignments
0 Text & File AnalysisPython review, Reading/writing text files, GitHub
Ongoing scavenger hunt across a broad, deep directory utilizing particular skills learned in each week
1 Webscraping and APIsRetrieving data from Google Maps, iTunes, and USGS Earthquake API
2 Web Technologies HTML/CSS, Text annotation
3 Data VisualizationMatplotlib, Distinguishing human-generated and batch-mode inputs
Evaluating data in relation to Benford's Law
4 Machine Learning K nearest neighbors using scikit-learn library Neural networks using scikit-learn library
5 Machine LearningDecision trees & random forests using scikit-learn library
Neural networks, TensorFlow
6 Natural Language ProcessingUsing NLTK, gensim (Google's vector representation of word meanings), and TextBlob libraries
Predicting Amazon product review scores using sentiment analysis
7 Computer VisionPixel processing, Steganography, Green-screening
"Photoshopping" text algorithmically
8 Computer Vision K-means image posterization/implementationReading pictures of letters with pixel processing and neural networks
Machine Learning
Files: Local & Online
Applications
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InterviewsMaduka Ogba
Chemistry @ PomonaRobin Melnick
Linguistics @ PomonaVivien HamiltonHistory @ Mudd
Takeaways:● Non-CS majors want computational skills.● CS can come across as a challenge to students’ and profs’ academic identities● Richest applications of computing happen after students have developed academic identities● Opportunity to pursue overlap, while preserving -- and supporting -- deeply held priorities.
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Should there be a CS2 for non-CS majors?
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Opportunities to “bridge” elsewhere...