Samsung Renewable Energy Inc. and Pattern Energy
Draft Project Description Report
Engineering and Environmental Services for South Kent Wind Project
H335936 Rev. E
October 15, 2010
Samsung Renewable Energy Inc. and Pattern Energy Engineering and Environmental Services for South Kent Wind Project
Draft Project Description Report
H335936-0000-07-124-0001, Rev. E, Page i
© Hatch 2010/10
Project Report
October 15, 2010
Samsung Renewable Energy Inc. and Pattern Energy Engineering and Environmental Services for South Kent Wind Project
Draft Project Description Report
Table of Contents
1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 1
2. Project Details......................................................................................................................................... 2
2.1 Energy Sources to Generate Electricity ........................................................................................... 2 2.2 Facilities, Equipment and Technology ............................................................................................ 2 2.3 Class of the Renewable Energy Facility........................................................................................... 2 2.4 Federal Involvement....................................................................................................................... 2 2.5 Project Activities ............................................................................................................................ 2
2.5.1 Access Road Construction .................................................................................................... 3 2.5.2 Site Preparation .................................................................................................................... 3 2.5.3 Installation of Support Structures .......................................................................................... 3 2.5.4 Collector System and Substation........................................................................................... 3 2.5.5 Distribution Line Erection..................................................................................................... 4 2.5.6 Site Security ......................................................................................................................... 4 2.5.7 Operation............................................................................................................................. 4 2.5.8 Maintenance and Inspection................................................................................................. 4 2.5.9 Decommissioning ................................................................................................................ 4
2.6 Authorizations Required................................................................................................................. 5 2.7 Nameplate Capacity....................................................................................................................... 5 2.8 Ownership of the Land................................................................................................................... 5 2.9 Potential Negative Environmental Effects........................................................................................ 5
2.9.1 Physiography/Topography .................................................................................................... 5 2.9.2 Soils ..................................................................................................................................... 6 2.9.3 Surface Water....................................................................................................................... 6 2.9.4 Groundwater........................................................................................................................ 7 2.9.5 Aquatic Habitats/Biota.......................................................................................................... 7 2.9.6 Areas of Natural and Scientific Interest (ANSI) ...................................................................... 7 2.9.7 Wetlands.............................................................................................................................. 7 2.9.8 Vegetation............................................................................................................................ 7 2.9.9 Woodlands........................................................................................................................... 8 2.9.10 Valleylands .......................................................................................................................... 8 2.9.11 Terrestrial Wildlife/Wildlife Habitat (including species at risk) .............................................. 8 2.9.12 Air Quality ........................................................................................................................... 9
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2.9.13 Land Use............................................................................................................................ 10 2.9.14 Radio-communication, Radar and Seismoacoustic Systems................................................. 10 2.9.15 Archaeological and Cultural Heritage Resources ................................................................ 10 2.9.16 Sound Levels ...................................................................................................................... 10 2.9.17 Visual Landscape................................................................................................................ 10 2.9.18 Community Safety .............................................................................................................. 10 2.9.19 Local Traffic ....................................................................................................................... 11 2.9.20 Waste Management and Disposal Sites............................................................................... 11
2.10 Summary Table for Potential Environmental Effects and Proposed Mitigation Measures................ 11
3. Aboriginal Consultation ........................................................................................................................ 11
4. Project Location Map............................................................................................................................ 11
Figures
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1. Introduction Samsung Renewable Energy Inc. and Pattern Energy (hereinafter referred to as the “Proponent”) are jointly proposing to develop the South Kent Wind Project, a 270-MW wind energy project (hereinafter referred to as the “Project”), which will be located within the Municipality of Chatham-Kent in southwestern Ontario. Once complete, the combined project will provide clean and renewable energy equal to the power needs of 72 000 local homes. The 270-MW wind project will bring many benefits to the Chatham-Kent region, including the creation of local construction and development jobs, as well as ongoing permanent positions.
As required, the Proponent is commencing with the Renewable Energy Approval (REA) process as described in Ontario Regulation 359/09 under the Environmental Protection Act. This Project Description Report has been prepared in accordance with O. Reg. 359/09 and with Technical Bulletin One – Guidance for Preparing the Project Description Report (MOE 2010). It should be noted, that the Project consists of several projects in which for some, Environmental Screening Reports (ESR) were submitted to the Ministry of the Environment in 2008 and 2009, under Ontario Regulation 116.
The Project is located within the Municipality of Chatham-Kent, in southwestern Ontario. Further information regarding the Project can be found on-line at: www.southkentwind.ca . See Figures 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3.
The Proponent has retained Hatch Ltd. (Hatch) to assist the Proponent in meeting the REA requirements. The Project contact information is as follows:
Keith Knudsen Kimberley Arnold Project Representative Manager – Environmental Services, Renewable Power BowArk Energy Ltd. Hatch 915, 530 8th Avenue SW 4342 Queen Street, Suite 500 Calgary, Alberta T2P 3S8 Niagara Falls, ON L2E 7J7 Tel: 403-264-2259 Tel: 905-374-0701, Ext. 5318 Fax.: 403-261-1708 Fax: 905-374-1157 [email protected] [email protected]
Samsung has signed a province-wide framework agreement with the Province of Ontario to provide 2500 MW of renewable power over five (5) project phases. Currently, the Proponent is negotiating a Power Purchase Agreement with the Ontario Power Authority for the South Kent Wind Project, which represents a portion of the first phase of the Provincial Agreement. The Proponent is targeting a project commissioning date of December 2012 for the South Kent Wind Project.
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2. Project Details The following sections are intended to satisfy the requirements of Table 1 to O. Reg. 359/09 and Technical Bulletin One – Guidance for Preparing the Project Description Report (MOE 2010). Further details on the design of the Project will be provided in subsequent required reports as per O. Reg. 359/09, including the Construction Plan Report, Design and Operations Report and the Decommissioning Plan Report.
2.1 Energy Sources to Generate Electricity Wind energy will be used to generate electricity.
2.2 Facilities, Equipment and Technology The proposed Project is a renewable energy generation facility which will use wind turbine generators. Electricity will be generated by approximately 125 Siemens 101 (2.221MW) turbines. These turbines have a blade length of 49.2 m for a rotor diameter of 101m and a rotational speed between 6 to 16 rpm. The tower of the wind turbine is composed of 3 sections and totals 100 m in height, with a maximum height of 150.5 m including the blade. Each turbine will be mounted on a concrete foundation with a transformer, located outside of the tower, at its base.
The nacelle houses the electrical and mechanical components for the production of electricity. An asynchronous generator and gearbox with a 3-stage planetary/helical design are located within the nacelle. A lightning rod is also present to ground turbine in the event of the lightning strike. The nacelle is insulated to minimize noise emissions and further equipped with an anemometer and a wind vane. Additionally, a yawing mechanism allows the turbine to face the wind at any given time.
Electricity generated by the wind turbine generators will be stepped-up (via transformer) to 115 kV or 230 kV prior to being connected to the transmission system.
2.3 Class of the Renewable Energy Facility The Project will be a Class 4 wind facility. That is, the Project is not in direct contact with surface water other then, potentially a wetland, greater than 50 kW with a maximum sound power level of greater than 102 dBA.
2.4 Federal Involvement No Federal lands or resources will be utilized for the Project and based on the resources within the Project area, issues under Federal jurisdiction are not anticipated with the exception of migratory birds and potentially species at risk. However, there is a potential for permits relating to Transport Canada aviation safety perspective. All necessary permits will be obtained.
2.5 Project Activities The Project activities involved in the construction, operation and decommissioning phases of the Project are outlined in the following sections. It is anticipated that the construction will commence July 2011 and will take 15 to 18 months to complete, depending on time of year and various other
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factors. Prior to construction, the area will be surveyed. Any buried infrastructure will be located prior to commencing with access road construction and site preparation.
2.5.1 Access Road Construction New access roads on private land will be required to allow transport of equipment from the main (municipal) roads to the Project site. If necessary, the topsoil and subsoil will be removed prior to placement of a granular base. The access road will be built in compliance with Ontario regulations and sized to meet the requirements for equipment and machinery for the Project. These roads will lead to the base of each of the wind turbines. Ditches and culverts will be constructed, if necessary, to maintain site drainage. Erosion and sedimentation control measures (e.g., silt fence barriers, rock flow check dams, etc) will be installed, as necessary.
2.5.2 Site Preparation Where practical, topsoil will be stripped from temporary access road locations and stored adjacent to the roads. Locations of topsoil and subsoil stockpiles will be determined in consultation with the landowner and not within 30 m of a water body. If topsoil is not stripped, the agricultural crops will be left uncut or shredded and left on the soil surface over the entire working area. Additionally, excavated fill from constructing the base of the wind turbine may be re-deposited on site, if the land owner agrees, otherwise the fill will be transported to an approved off-site location. If necessary to control sedimentation, erosion and sedimentation control measures will be installed.
2.5.3 Installation of Support Structures Foundations and/or support structures will be required beneath the wind turbine generators. Additionally, a crane pad will be required for construction, which will be composed of the same material as the access roads. The crane pad will be decommissioned after construction according to the Proponent’s reclamation strategy. A substation will also be constructed which will house both the transformer and the maintenance building. The exact location has yet to be determined, though the prefabricated maintenance building will be connected to municipal infrastructure. The maintenance building will be used as a spare parts and tools warehouse.
2.5.4 Collector System and Substation The collector system will transport the electricity generated at each wind turbine generator to a substation. The collector system is made up of overhead collector lines and buried cables. As well, in some cases existing Hydro One lines and poles may be used. Buried cables can be installed using a simple trenching device, where a slot is open in the ground, the cable is laid and the soil replaced.
It is anticipated that three (3) substations will be required to gather the generated electricity from the wind farm and boost the voltage to that of the neighbouring transmission system. The substation locations have yet to be determined but each will be located in an area measuring approximately 2 ha at the most. A prefabricated maintenance building will be equipped with full Supervision Control and Data Acquisition capabilities and will also be used for storage. As well, transformers associated with stepping up the voltage from 34.5 kV to 115 kV or 230 kV will also be found in the substation area.
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2.5.5 Distribution Line Erection As previously mentioned, a collector system will transport electricity to each of the substations. From here, additional 115 kV or 230 kV transmission lines will need to be built to link directly with the Hydro One Networks grid. Specifically, multifunctional protective relays, voltage control equipment and related equipment necessary to meet the requirements of Hydro One and/or the Local Distribution Company will be used during the installation of this transmission line.
2.5.6 Site Security During construction, signs will indicate that presence of a construction site with additional security measures installed as deemed necessary by the Proponent. This could include fences, security cameras and motion sensor flood lighting. Additionally, each substation will be fenced as it houses the transformer and maintenance equipment.
2.5.7 Operation The Project will operate year round and generate electricity if wind is present. The amount of power generated will depend on daily weather conditions. The Siemens 101 generators are made for areas where there are low to medium wind speeds. The generators require a cut-in or minimum wind speed of 4 m/s or 14.4 km/hr before any power is generated, with an optimal wind speed of 12 to 13 m/s or 46.8 km/hr. The wind turbines will be shut down once the wind speeds reach 25 m/s or 90 km/hr to protect the wind turbines from excessive stresses experienced at these wind speeds. The turbines will be appropriately designed to perform under varying weather conditions. The Project will be operated remotely and therefore no employees will be on-site with the exception of maintenance and inspections.
2.5.8 Maintenance and Inspection The Project will typically be scheduled for routine maintenance twice per year per turbine. More significant tasks are planned 5, 10, and 15 years into the Projects operation, including a major overhaul after 10 years of operation. Typically, maintenance on one (1) machine can be completed within one (1) working day. The turbines will also be inspected whenever the power output is lower than anticipated as this would be indicative of a mechanical problem.
2.5.9 Decommissioning A 20- to 25-yr lifespan is typically anticipated for the Project. At this point, the Project will be decommissioned or refurbished depending on market conditions and/or technological changes.
If the decision is to discontinue renewable energy generation, the process would involve the following:
• Removal of the wind turbine and cabling. Where possible, these materials will be recycled, with non-recyclables taken to an approved disposal site.
• Removal of support structures and foundations to a depth that would allow for surface activities to occur uninhibited. The materials removed will be recycled where possible.
• Site cleanup and regrading to original contours, and any damage to tile drainage system to be repaired/replaced.
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Once the Project, other materials, and road network are removed from the site, the fields will be returned to their original condition prior to the project at the discretion of the landowner.
2.6 Authorizations Required Permits, licenses and authorizations such as those listed below, in addition to the REA may be required for the Project to proceed:
• Building Permit – The local municipality will likely require a building permit to undertake construction.
• Conservation Authority Permit – Approval from the local Conservation Authority may be required should development occur within the Conservation Authority’s Regulated Area.
• Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR) Work Permit and/or Lakes and Rivers Improvement Act Approval – MNR approval will be required should a water crossing be required for the Project.
• Transportation Canada (Aeronautical Safety) Aeronautical Obstruction Clearance (Lighting Scheme).
• Navigation Canada Aviation safety- Land use proposal.
• Navigation Canada Aviation safety review of guyed meteorological towers.
• Canadian Wildlife Service - Permit under Migratory Birds Convention Act to collect dead bird carcasses.
2.7 Nameplate Capacity The nameplate capacity of the Project will be up to approximately 270 MW, with each individual turbine being approximately 2.221 MW.
2.8 Ownership of the Land The Project will be located on privately owned lots. The current land use for most of the project area is agricultural with a variety of different crops; including corn, tomatoes, soybeans as well as a variety of other grains, fruits and vegetables.
2.9 Potential Negative Environmental Effects Negative environmental effects may occur as a result of construction and operation of the Project. The environmental components and the potential environmental effect of the Project on the environmental components are summarized in Table 2.1. As previously noted, ESRs have been completed for portions of the Project; as such there is some understanding of the Project site and the corresponding impacts from the Project.
2.9.1 Physiography/Topography Generally, the leased lands for the Project are located on the St. Clair Clay Plains, which consist of the fairly uniform topography, overtop of limestone bedrock.
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The Project area may have to be re-graded for the laydown areas, access roads, direct footprint of the wind turbine and the crane pad. This would result in a change in the local topography, though the effected area would be minimized to these locations on the Project site. As well, after decommissioning the area would be re-graded to existing conditions as per requirements from the landowner.
2.9.2 Soils Generally, the Project site is composed of largely clay loam, with smaller amounts of silt loam and fine sandy loams. The proposed impacts of the Project on the soil are:
• soil compaction • soil erosion • soil contamination.
Soil compaction refers to a reduction in the pore space of the soils as a result of compaction from heavy machinery. This can be expected to occur in areas where heavy machinery is used, such as the crane pad and on the access roads. Limiting the movement of the heavy machinery will greatly reduce the potential impact from soil compaction. Additionally, upon decommissioning, if required, soil loosening can occur to further improve the soil.
Soil erosion is expected to occur in areas where the topsoil must be stripped for construction, including areas for access roads, the maintenance building, wind turbines, buried collector system cables and for site prospecting. Erosion and sedimentation control measures will be implemented to reduce the impact of erosion.
Spills to the soil may occur during the Project. This could be from any of the construction equipment or transformers located at the base of the turbine. Spills prevention and control plans will be developed to contain any potential spills.
2.9.3 Surface Water The Project site has a number of watercourses and other aquatic habitats on site. The Project site is located entirely within the area regulated by the Lower Thames Valley Conservation Authority. The watercourses on site consist of mainly drainage features with some isolated ponds. Additionally, there are tributaries of Jeannette’s Creek and McGregor Creek on site or near the Project area. Other watercourses found within the Project area include Mill Creek, Flat Creek and a number of smaller creeks draining into Rondeau Bay on Lake Erie. As well, Yellow Creek and Baptiste Creek can be found to the southwest portion of the Project area. There are also a variety of unnamed drains located on a number of Project sites throughout the Project area. Upon further investigations, as required under the REA Regulation, additional watercourses may be found within the Project area.
Surface water quality could be impacted by:
• sedimentation • contaminant spills.
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Sedimentation could occur as a result of soil stripping and transport of soil to water features during rain events and snow melt. This impact can be mitigated effectively through the use of erosion and sedimentation control measures.
Contaminants can be spilled from construction vehicles or potentially a variety of other machinery for the Project. These impacts can be mitigated through the implementation of a best management practices and through measures identified in a spills prevention and response plan.
2.9.4 Groundwater The construction of the Project site will require the excavation of soil, potentially requiring dewatering. Dewatering could result in a small impact on the availability of groundwater in the immediate area. Spills within the excavated area could also impact the groundwater. A spills prevention and response plan would mitigate any impacts.
2.9.5 Aquatic Habitats/Biota Aquatic habitat and biota could be impacted from water crossings and construction activities resulting in sedimentation. If required, water crossings will be sited to limit the potential impacts on any aquatic habitat and biota, including fish movement. Sedimentation will be mitigated through a variety of sedimentation and erosion control measures, as site conditions dictate.
Information published by the Fisheries and Oceans Canada indicates that several aquatic Species At Risk may be found in the Project area. These can include: Pugnose Shiner( Notropis anogenus), Silver Shiner (Notropis photogenis), Eastern Sand Darter (Ammocrypta pellucida), Channel Darter (Percina copelandi) and the Spotted Gar (Lepisosteus oculatus).
Further site investigations will reveal if the correct habitat is found on the Project sites for each of these Species At Risk. Additionally, if water crossing are required, legislated procedures and mitigation measures will be adhered to.
2.9.6 Areas of Natural and Scientific Interest (ANSI) The Sinclair’s Bush Life ANSI is located within 300 m from the Project area. If any of the Project sites are within 120 m of the Sinclair’s Bush Life ANSI, an Environmental Impact Study (EIS) will be prepared. Mitigation measures proposed in the EIS and monitoring of effects will be implemented.
2.9.7 Wetlands There are wetlands located within 300 m of some of the Project areas. EIS will be prepared on those Project areas that have the presence of a significant wetland within 120 m. Mitigation measures proposed in the EIS and monitoring of effects will be implemented. Additionally, as the required area for the footprint of the Project structures is small, a reasonable effort will be made to avoid any sensitive areas. As per O. Reg. 359/09, no development will occur in a provincially significant southern wetland.
2.9.8 Vegetation During the construction of the Project, vegetation, including farm fields, hedgerows and potential small woodlots could be cleared for the Project. Work areas will be flagged to limit the clearing to
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only those areas required for the Project. This will limit the impact on vegetation. Additionally, dust could impact the surrounding vegetation, this will be mitigated through dust mitigation measures.
2.9.9 Woodlands There are woodlands located within 300 m of some of the Project areas. EISs will be prepared on those Project areas that have the presence of a significant woodland within 120 m. Mitigation measures proposed in the EIS and monitoring of effects will be implemented. Additionally, as the required area for the footprint of the Project structures is small, a reasonable effort will be made to avoid any sensitive areas.
2.9.10 Valleylands There are valleylands located within 300 m of some of the Project areas. EISs will be prepared on those Project areas that have the presence of a significant valleyland within 120 m. Mitigation measures proposed in the EIS and monitoring of effects will be implemented. Additionally, as the required area for the footprint of the Project structures is small, a reasonable effort will be made to avoid any sensitive areas.
2.9.11 Terrestrial Wildlife/Wildlife Habitat (including species at risk) The Project has an ability to impact the terrestrial wildlife, including:
• Mammals • Herpetofauna • Birds • Bats • Species at Risk.
The Project is located on a variety of farmer fields. As such, this is the type of wildlife habitat that will be impacted. The loss of wildlife habitat and potential wildlife avoidance of the Project area during construction and operation may occur as a result of the disturbance. Though, the impacts to terrestrial wildlife can be contained to only the directly effected Project areas, reducing the impacts to surrounding, un-utilized leased area.
Birds can be impacted in a variety of ways, including disruption of nests, habitat loss, displacement and disturbance of bird behaviour and finally, bird collisions with turbines and/or power lines. The disruption of nests is expected to be limited, as few trees will be cleared during construction. Additionally, construction will occur outside of the bird breeding season, or if this is not possible, a quality avian biologist will determine if there are any nests on site prior to tree removal. As previously stated, habitat loss is expected to occur only in the footprint area of the project components, limiting any habitat loss.
Displacement and/or disturbance of birds could occur as a result of the Project. It has been determined that the “barrier effect” can occur from the presence of wind turbines, reducing the use of the area by birds. This hypothesis has yet to be confirmed and while this effect could potentially occur, the original use of the land, being agricultural, would have already limited the use of this habitat by birds. There is a possibility of bird collisions with the turbine and/or power lines. In the United States it is estimated that approximately 2.19 avian fatalities occur per year (Erickson et al,
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2001). This number is relatively lower then the number associated with avian fatalities from buildings or other communication towers.
A three (3) season study, using four (4) types of surveys to characterize the bird population in the Project area has been completed. During this study, a total of 12,549 individuals comprising a total of 65 different bird species were recorded. As well, due to the number of species deemed to numerous to count, this number is an underestimate. American crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos) was determined to be the most numerous, comprising of more than half of all individuals (8, 700). The European starling (Sturnus vulgaris), black-bellied plover (Pluvialis squatarola), horned lark (Eremophila alpestris), house sparrow (Passer domesticus), and mourning dove (Zenaida macroura) were also abundant, representing more than 200 individuals. The breeding season had the highest distribution, with a total of 46 species identified. This study would be widely descriptive of the birding breeds found in the Chatham-Kent area on agricultural lands but further information regarding both migratory birds and the population characteristics closer to Lake Erie, would be required to gain a more accurate picture of these bird populations.
The Project area is within or very close to 300 m away from the Greater Rondeau Important Bird Area (IBA) located to the southeast of the eastern portion of the Project area. Additionally, the Eastern Lake St. Clair IBA is close or within 300 m of the Project area for the southwest portion of the Project area.
Bat population can also be impacted by habitat loss and collisions with operational turbines. The construction of the Project will result in the removal of some trees, though these trees will be small in number and as they are located in hedgerows, this is not significant bat habitat. Bat activity is known to be increased if there is the presence of abandoned caves, mines, abandoned buildings and aquatic habitat. The Project site does not have any of these significant bat habitats, as such, it can be expected that there will be little impact on any bat populations if they exist in the area.
A variety of potential Species at Risk may occur in the Project area. Examples of these include: Butternut (Juglans cinerea), American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius), Climbing Prairie Rose (Rosa setigera), Red-shouldered Hawk (Buteo lineatus), Least Bittern (Ixobrychus exilis), Red-headed Woodpecker (Melanerpes erythrocephalus), Grey Fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) and Eastern Mole (Scalopus aquaticus). During the site investigations, further review of these Species at Risk will occur.
As well, Bobolink is now listed by COSEWIC as threatened which requires that their habitat be considered significant wildlife habitat, may occur in the Project area. This list may not be all encompassing and further investigations needs to occur to confirm the presence of these species in the Project area. If any of these species are found in the Project area, legislated measures will be taken to protect their habitat.
2.9.12 Air Quality During construction and decommissioning, there will be an increase in dust and particulate emissions, though these increases will be temporary during both of these activities. Through the use of standard best management practices and mitigation measures dust and emissions will be
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suppressed to maintain good air quality during construction, in accordance with provincial requirements and regulations. Overall, no negative effect on air quality is expected.
2.9.13 Land Use While the Project area includes the entire leased area of the agricultural field, the actually impact will be contained to the much smaller footprint of the wind turbines and associated infrastructure. Additionally, upon decommissioning the land use will be returned to the past agricultural land use.
2.9.14 Radio-communication, Radar and Seismoacoustic Systems There is a potential for wind turbines to cause interference with radio and radar signals. Therefore, an investigation will take place to determine where any areas of concern are located and identified them in relation to the Project areas. A determination of the potential effects and interference to these systems will then be determined. If interference is possible, the turbines will be moved.
2.9.15 Archaeological and Cultural Heritage Resources Stage 1 Archaeological Assessments have been completed for portions of the Project area with the remaining areas to be As per Ministry of Tourism and Culture Stage 2 Archaeological Assessments will be conducted, if deemed required by the Stage 2, to determine if there are any potential archaeological concerns within the Project areas. Appropriate mitigation measures will be undertaken if any archaeological resources are discovered. In addition, impacts to cultural heritage resources will be avoided if any are found with the Project area in a manner consistent with the requirements of the Ministry of Tourism and Culture.
2.9.16 Sound Levels Sounds levels are expected to increase during both the construction and decommissioning phases as well as for the operation phase. Sound levels during both construction and decommissioning will be temporary in nature and will occur from the use of construction vehicles. During operations, increased sound levels are also expected to occur. However, setbacks and noise studies in accordance with O. Reg. 359/09 will be conducted to meet sound levels established by the Ministry of the Environment (MOE). Any recommendations from the noise studies will be incorporated into the Project during the planning phase.
2.9.17 Visual Landscape A change in the visual landscape will occur during the construction phase, operation phase and decommissioning phase. After the life span of the Project the visual landscape is expected to return to the original vista.
2.9.18 Community Safety During construction there is a possibility for safety hazards associated with a construction site. Standard construction practices will be enforced, along with the placement of signs to avoid any potential accidents. The public will be prohibited from accessing the site. Additionally, the substations will be fenced to prevent any unofficial access to dangerous equipment, such as the transformer. Through the use of these mitigation measures there should be no further impact.
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2.9.19 Local Traffic There is expected to be an increase in traffic in close proximity to the areas where turbines will be constructed during the construction and decommissioning phase. Traffic routes will be determined to limit the impact of the local traffic flow. During operations, there will be only the occasional maintenance visit to the turbine locations, limiting any impacts.
2.9.20 Waste Management and Disposal Sites During construction and operation of the Project waste and recyclable material will be generated. The disposal and proper storage of wastes and recyclables will occur in accordance with municipal and provincial requirements and regulations. Any industrial liquids such as paints, sealants, fuels and lubricating fluids will be stored in a secure containment area and disposed in accordance with provincial liquid waste disposal regulations relating to hazardous wastes (e.g., Environmental Protection Act and Ontario Regulation 347).
2.10 Summary Table for Potential Environmental Effects and Proposed Mitigation Measures Table 2.1 provides a brief review of the above sections. Additionally, a residual effects column is included in the table to give a greater understanding of the impacts after mitigation measures have been incorporated.
3. Aboriginal Consultation As previously noted, the Project consists of several projects in which for some, ESRs were submitted to the Ministry of the Environment in 2008 and 2009, under Ontario Regulation 116. As such Aboriginal consultation has commenced with the following communities:
• Bkejwanong Territory (Walpole Island First Nation) • Aamjiwnaang First Nation • Chippewas of the Thames First Nation • Chippewas of Kettle and Stony Point • Caldwell First Nation • Oneida Nation of the Thames • Delaware Nation (Moravian of the Thames) • Munsee-Delaware First Nation • Six Nations of the Grand River (Part) 40 • Six Nations of the Grand River (Haudenosaunee Confederacy) • Wahta Mohawks • Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte • Mohawks of Akwesasne (Part) 59.
4. Project Location Map As required in Table 1 of O. Reg. 359/09, three unbound, legible and reproducible project location maps (Figures 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3) showing the project areas are enclosed.
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Table 2.1 Potential Environmental Effects and Proposed Mitigation Methods
Environmental Component Potential Environmental Effect
Proposed Mitigation
Residual Effect
Natural Environment
Physiography/ Topography
During construction, regrading of excavated soils and some minor alterations to local topography may occur.
Decommissioning of the Project site will include regrading to original conditions, to the extent possible.
No residual effect.
Soils Potential reductions in soil quality/loss of soils as a result of accidental spills, erosion, and soil compaction during construction.
Erosion sedimentation control measures will limit the impact due to erosion, spill control measures and required clean up will limit impact on quality of soils, no soil will be removed off site and de-compaction will occur, where necessary.
No residual effect on soil quality/quantity is expected.
Surface Water Surface water quality of watercourses could be impaired due to contamination from accidental spills or increased turbidity due to site erosion.
A 30-m setback will be put in place from all water bodies in accordance with provincial requirements and regulations. As well, erosion and sedimentation control measures and spill prevention and response measures will decrease any further impacts.
No residual effect in surface water quality is expected.
Groundwater Excavations may result in a minor decrease in the local availability of groundwater due to dewatering. In addition, groundwater may also be impaired by contamination due to accidental spills, or changes in ground water recharge.
Groundwater withdrawals are to be minimized to limit changes in groundwater availability, in accordance with provincial requirements. Spill response measures will prevent any accidental spills.
No residual effect is expected for groundwater.
Aquatic Habitats/Biota
The installation of the Project may result in negative impacts to fish and fish habitat, if watercourse crossings are required.
A 30 m setback from all water courses will protect fish habitat, in accordance with provincial requirements and regulations. Erosion and sedimentation controls and spill prevention and response measures will limit any potential impact.
No residual effect is expected for aquatic habitats/biota.
Areas of Natural and Scientific Interest (ANSI)
The Sinclair’s Bush Life ANSI is located within 300m of the Project area.
An EIS will be prepared on those Project areas that are within 120 m of the Sinclair’s Bush Life ANSI. Mitigation measures proposed in the EIS and monitoring of effects will be implemented
No residual effects following proper mitigation.
Samsung Renewable Energy Inc. and Pattern Energy Engineering and Environmental Services for South Kent Wind Project
Draft Project Description Report
H335936-0000-07-124-0001, Rev. E, Page 13
© Hatch 2010/10
Environmental Component Potential Environmental Effect
Proposed Mitigation
Residual Effect
Wetlands There are some wetlands located within 300 m of the Project site.
Mitigation measures proposed in the EIS and monitoring of effects will occur. This would include erosion and sedimentation control measures.
No residual effect to the wetlands is anticipated.
Vegetation Vegetation clearing on agricultural land as well as within natural vegetation communities will be required.
Work areas will be flagged to limit the clearing, so it will not extend into un-utilized areas. Revegetation, as required, will occur after decommissioning.
Loss of some vegetation on site. At least a 30 m buffer for watercourse will be retained.
Woodlands There are numerous woodlands located on and within 300 m of the Project site. If these woodlands are considered to be significant, then an EIS will be conducted. Clearing of the woodlands on the Project site may be required. Woodlands adjacent to the Project site may be indirectly affected by Project activities, such as the generation of dust during construction which could impact vegetation communities.
Mitigation measures proposed in the EIS and monitoring of effects will occur, throughout the life of the Project, to limit any detrimental impacts on any significant woodlands. Dust control measures will be implemented. Revegetation, as required, will occur after decommissioning.
Loss of some vegetation during life of Project; however, regeneration will occur after decommissioning.
Valleylands There are some valleylands located within 300 m of the Project site
Mitigation measures proposed in the EIS and monitoring of effects will occur. This would include erosion and sedimentation control measures.
No residual effects are anticipated following mitigation.
Terrestrial Wildlife/ Wildlife Habitat (including species at risk)
Potential loss of wildlife habitat and potential wildlife avoidance of the Project area during construction and operation may occur as a result of disturbance. Potential loss of birds and bats during operations.
Work areas will be clearly marked and will not infringe further than necessary. Disturbed areas will be seeded to support local wildlife communities. Measures to mitigate the potential loss of birds and bats during operations will be examined in the REA process.
Reduced wildlife habitat during the life of the Project can be expected; however, re-establishment will occur after decommissioning. Potential loss of birds and bats during operations.
Air Quality Reductions in local air quality from operation of construction equipment and dust displacement may occur due to vehicle traffic.
Through the use of standard best management practices and mitigation measures dust and emissions will be suppressed to maintain good air quality during construction, in accordance with provincial requirements and regulations.
No residual effects anticipated to air quality.
Samsung Renewable Energy Inc. and Pattern Energy Engineering and Environmental Services for South Kent Wind Project
Draft Project Description Report
H335936-0000-07-124-0001, Rev. E, Page 14
© Hatch 2010/10
Environmental Component Potential Environmental Effect
Proposed Mitigation
Residual Effect
Social Environment
Land Use Current land use will be discontinued within the Project footprint.
None During the lifetime of the Project, the land use will be changed. After decommissioning, there is a potential for the land to revert back to the past use.
Radio-communication Radar and Seismoacoustic Systems
Interference to communication systems. A thorough review with Industry Canada to ensure that no turbines are built in effected areas.
No residual effects are expected.
Archaeological and Cultural Heritage Resources
Archaeological assessments will be conducted prior to construction to determine if archaeological resources are found on the property. Excavations during Project construction may result in the discovery of archaeological resources. Potential heritage resources will be determined as per the requirements of the Ministry of Tourism and Culture.
During construction if an artefact is found, work will stop until a licensed archaeologist has cleared the area and construction can re-commence, in accordance with Ministry of Tourism and Culture requirements.
No residual effects are expected.
Sound Levels Temporary disturbance to neighbouring residents may occur during construction. The operation of inverters and transformers may result in increased ambient sound levels. However, noise studies in accordance with O. Reg. 359/09 are required to meet sound levels established by the Ministry of the Environment (MOE).
Measures to meet MOE sound levels for the closest receptor will be implemented.
No residual effect is expected for sound levels.
Visual Landscape Installation of the Project will result in a change to the local landscape.
None Upon decommissioning the landscape will return to existing.
Community Safety
Construction of the Project will result in a risk to community and workforce safety. During operation, potential risks to public safety are limited.
Safety procedures will be followed to ensure both worker and public safety. The public will not be allowed access to the site during construction, operations or decommissioning.
No residual effect is expected in response to community safety.
Local Traffic Construction of the Project may result in increased local area traffic and temporary disruption along routes used resulting in delays to the local community traffic, and increased traffic as a result of equipment delivery to the Project site.
Transportation routes will be determined to minimize the impact on local traffic.
During construction, there will be a temporary increase in construction vehicles. Otherwise, no residual effect is expected.
Waste Management and Disposal Sites
Construction and operation of the Project will likely result in the generation of recyclable material, and municipal and sanitary waste.
The disposal and proper storage of wastes and recyclables will occur in accordance with municipal and provincial requirements and regulations.
No residual effect is expected.
Samsung Renewable Energy Inc. and Pattern Energy Engineering and Environmental Services for South Kent Wind Project
Draft Project Description Report
H335936-0000-07-124-0001, Rev. E
© Hatch 2010/10
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