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REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
MINISTRY OF PUBLIC WORKS
DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF HIGHWAYS
DIRECTORATE OF PLANNING
WIDANG LAMONGAN ROAD
ROAD SAFETY AUDIT REPORT
FINAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION STAGES
FEBRUARY 2011
THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT UNIT
STRATEGIC ROADS INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTUnder IBRD Loan 4834 / 7786 ID
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Table of Contents
1. Summary of Problems & Recommendations......................................................... 1
2. Introduction
2.1 Audit Process .............................................................................................. 5
2.2 SRIP .......................................................................................................... 5
2.3 Objectives of the Road Safety Audit Report ............................................... 7
2.4 Project Location Widang - Lamongan East Java ................................... 5
2.5 Project Information ................................................................................... 7
2.6 Plans & Documents ................................................................................... 7
2.7 Members of the Audit Team ....................................................................... 8
2.8 Date of Site Visit ................................................................................... 8
3. Problems and Recommendations - Final Designs
3.1 Speed Limits & Traffic Calming ............................................................ 9
3.2 Tree Planting ................................................................................................ 11
3.3 Junction Design .................................................................................... 14
3.4 School Zones ....................................................................................... 17
3.5 Pedestrian Crossings ..................................................................................... 22
3.6 U Turns / Gaps in Median ......................................................................... 233.7 Guard Rails ................................................................................................. 29
3.8 Bus Stops & Parking Areas ......................................................................... 30
4. Problems & Recommendations - Construction Phase
4.1 Signs, Road Marking & Delineation ............................................................... 32
4.2 Worker Safety .................................................................................................. 38
Appendix A. References ........................................................................................................ 40
Appendix B. Safety Concerns at Roadworks - English ........................................................... 41Appendix C. Safety Concerns at Roadworks Bahasa........................................................... 42
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1 SUMMARY OF PROBLEMS & RECOMMENDATIONS
The major problems identified in the road safety audit and correspondingrecommendations are summarised below:
Speed Limits & Traffic Calming:
Speed limits and traffic calming measures are common safety features on
highways in Indonesia but missing from design drawings.
Recommendations
Review design drawings and add speed limits and traffic calming
features such as rumble strips and flashers at appropriate locationswhere speed reduction will improve safety, including: junctions,
pedestrian crossings and etc.
Tree Planting:
Small plants grow into big plants and a lack of maintenance budgets or poormaintenance leads to many safety problems including:
blocked footways
hidden signs
ineffective street lights
obscured pedestrians
Recommendations
Review maintenance capabilities before deciding final planting Choose plants that need minimum maintenance Review need to plant in containers to restrict growth Ideally trees should be planted 2.5 m from road edge Plan the planting for future growth that ensures plants will not obscure
signs, signals, lightning or pedestrians
Take particular care at junctions and school zones
Junction Design:
Existing problems that need resolving: too much advertising reducing effectiveness of signing and taking
drivers attention away from junction
blocked footpaths - bushes, weeds and more advertising
There are existing flashers to warn and slow traffic on both mainand side roads but they are missing from Designs.
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Junction Design also has other deficiencies, for example;
Island and median are not design for Old, Young, Cyclist andChildren (Type C for curb are properly design)
No Rumble strips in all approaches the intersection and in bothapproaches from the minor roads.
The curbs need to be painted at the Intersection Bus stop locations and designs are not clear
Recommendations
All advertising should be removed or at least greatly reducedin the immediate vicinity of the junction
Maintenance requirements need reviewing to ensure allexisting and future footpaths remain clear of obstructions,(advertising, trees, weeds etc)
All planting should be reviewed to ensure signs and footpathsare not blocked as plants grow
New high intensity flashers should be installed on all threeapproaches
Rumble strips should be installed on all three approachesabout 40 meters before the intersection;
Bus stops and parking bays need careful design
Curbs should be pedestrian friendly at the junction
Curbs should be painted for visibility and to control parking
School Zones:
The design of the three school zones is not clear, particularly with regard to thecrossing, shoulders and the planting of trees could cause significant problems. Thecrossing is only shown in one of the four drawings.
Recommendations
Ensure school zone design is standard, including correct, signs,
markings and rumble strips
Review planting of trees at school zones in light of current and
proposed maintenance capabilities
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Pedestrian Crossings:
Pedestrian crossings are an essential road safety component on every nationalhighway and they need to be designed so that they can be used effectively.Only a few pedestrian crossings are proposed in detailed drawings but noneare shown with a footpath or even a sealed shoulder also none have any speedreduction or traffic calming measures.
Recommendations
Review all proposed and other potential crossing sites and add safetyfeatures including;
pedestrian footpaths or improved shoulders
restricted parking Islands and medians at the pedestrian crossings that should be
without obstacle such poles or trees Traffic calming such as rumble strips, speed limits or flashers Pedestrian friendly Islands and medians
U Turns/Gaps in Median
There are several gaps in median that are likely to result in serious accident
patterns. None of the U turns use a taper as all of them are at a narrow median
Recommendations
Improving signing at U turns
Use the road sign with the high mast arms poles is advantageous as
an advance sign for the driver to notice the position of U Turn.
Painting the curb with bright color are particularly advantageous for
road user to avoid crashing the median or islands.
.Additional ramp at U Turn could be considering for better turning
movement for the vehicles. It is attach in detailed engineering designas a standard drawing.
Guard Poles should be installed, besides protecting the road sign
poles also could be an advance warning for the drivers if painting with
the bright colours (Yellow)
All the 5 U Turn at the DED are Narrow U Turns and radius for turning
movement is only suitable for motorcycles and light vehicles. It is
prohibited for truck or bus use the narrow U Turn as long as the road
project.
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Guard Rails:
There is a bridge near the beginning of the project, but no guard rails and guidepost are design and proposed at the bridge.
Recommendations
Designs should be reviewed for the need to install guard rails at
bridge and perhaps other locations like box culverts
Guard rails designs should include a strong connection to bridge
parapets
Painting the bridge with bright colours.
Bus Stops & Parking Areas:
Apart from at one junction, there are no bus stops or parking areas designed onWidang Lamongan.
Recommendations
Review need for bus stops, parking and loading areas and designappropriate facilities, particularly at schools factories and junctions
Where possible extend the taper for Bus stops and parking areas.
Traffic Management during Construction:
The contractor has installed many warning and direction signs and delineatorsthroughout the construction zone but there is a great variation in their effectivenessthroughout the site.
Recommendations Better advance warning signs and speed limits should be installed
Ensure all signs, barricades, cones and delineators are cleanedregularly
Additional cable/rope reflector lines would be better installed betweencones especially during night.
Add more signs, barricades, cones or delineators at critical locations Take particular care to ensure safety at locations used by pedestrians
or high volumes of side road or access road traffic
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2 INTRODUCTION
2.1 Audit Process
Road Safety Audit (RSA) can be defined as a formal examination of a highway ortraffic project in which an independent qualified auditor or team of auditors reports onthe road safety problems associated with the designs or construction of the project andmakes recommendations on improvements.
It started in the UK some twenty years ago and is now common practice around theworld. There are several Road Safety Audit Guidelines that are used as standardpractice for Audits around the World, an adapted of the Australian Guidelines are
actually used in IndonesiaAudits can be carried out at various stages and arguably the earlier the better:
Feasibility
Preliminary Design
Final Design Construction
Pre-Opening
Existing RoadThis Audit covers both Final Design and Construction stages
2.2 SRIP
The Strategic Roads Infrastructure Project (SRIP) was developed to meet theincreasing traffic demand and institutional requirements following easing of the 1997financial crisis in 2001. SRIP, which is supported by the World Bank under IBRD Loan4834-IND, is being implemented by the Directorate General of Highways within theMinistry of Public Works over the five-year Loan period following its effectiveness dateof 01 November 2007. Project implementation is expected to continue through to end2012, with a possible extension to 2014 to accommodate implementation of thePerformance Based Contract component of the Project.
SRIP is composed of twenty two (22) Civil Works packages of road bettermentcapacity expansion and new roads / bridges, including a trial Performance BasedContract (PBC), encompassing urban and inter - urban National Roads in 7 provinces (4provinces on Java and 3 provinces on Sumatra). Details for these packages are given inAppendix A. The Implementation Support Component includes two (2) road safetycomponents: Integrated Road Safety Management System (IRSMS) for DirectorateGeneral of Land Transport (DGLT) and Directorate of Traffic Police.
SRIP project implementation will be supported by four key consulting assignments: (i)Core Team Consultants (CTC); (ii) Construction Supervision Consultants for non-
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Metropolitan roads (CSC-1); (iii) Construction Supervision Consultants for Metropolitanroads (CSC-2); and (iv) Procurement Advisor.
The Core Team Consultants responsibilities include the following: Widang lamongan(WP-2), the CTC has to ensure this package have been reviewed by qualified RoadSafety Audit.
The Contractor of the above activities is expected to undertake these works inaccordance with the standard specifications of the Directorate General of Highways,Ministry of Public Works and special provisions prepared for this project and estimatescompletion is on October 2011
2.3 Objectives of the Road Safety Audit Report
The objectives of the Road Safety Audit are to conduct among others the systematicreview/checking of the safety aspects of the completed road plans (DED plans), trafficschemes, recommend the modifications of the plans when safety aspects warrants suchchanges, and the safety aspects during road construction.
2.4 Project Location Widang - Lamongan, East Java
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2.5 Project Information
Widang - Lamongan Road is situated in the province of East Java. The road is locatedalong the Widang - Lamongan - Gresik - Surabaya Road corridor. It starts at the road to
Widang near a Muslim boarding school. The road project has a total length of 4.75 kms.
And the design road width is 14.00 meters four lanes and two ways, 1.50 meter median
with curb also 2.00 meter unpaved shoulder.
The road passes mostly residential, commercial, institutional, and rice paddy fields from
the starting point up to the end. The road traverses in almost flat terrain.
Widang - Lamongan Road Project is designed to expand its present traffic capacity by
overlaying existing pavements and widening to four-lane divided (with median) road
including structures.
The proposed Widang - Lamongan Road will accommodate increasing number of traffic
from Widang to Lamongan as this road section is one of the main roads approaching to
Surabaya City, the largest City in East Java;
This road is includes 5 bridges and 15 T junctions there is also there a gas pipe line
along the road side.
2.6 Plans and Documents
The plans used in this audit were the contract drawings:
International Competitive Bidding, Package: Widang - Lamongan, Package No.: 02-
28/11-SRIP-WP1/ CE/A/7786(4834)/12-09, Section VI - 3 Drawings, December 2007
The drawings were checked and approved by concerned Bina Marga authorities.
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There was no information on previous studies available to the audit team. A traffic studyof the Widang Lamongan Road normally needed as one of the basis for the level of
improvement and justify its construction was not available at the time of the audit.
The existing road section has a high volume of traffic and about one third is consideredas vulnerable road users; motorcycles and non-motorized vehicles.
The high volume of traffic along the area reinforces the need to provide a safe road.
2.7 Members of the Audit Team
The road safety audit team is all members of the Core Team Consultant of SRIP and
composed of the following:
Mike Goodge - Senior Road Safety Audit Engineer
Agus Herudianto - Road Safety Audit Engineer
The team was accompanied by:
Harry Wiryanto - Bridge Engineer
2.8 Date of Site Visit
The project was visited on 10th November 2010 and the length travelled several times in
the dry and during rain and discussions were held with site representatives.
Site Meeting with Site Engineer, Sub Project Manager and GeneralSuperintendent
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3 PROBLEMS & RECOMMENDATIONS - FINAL DESIGNS
3.1 Problem: Speed Limits & Traffic Calming
Widang-Lamongan Road Project is designed to expand its present traffic capacity byoverlaying existing pavements and widening to four-lane divided (with median) roadincluding structures. The design drawings indicate a type II, class I Road ways anddesign speed of 60 Kph but no speed limit signs are shown on detail drawing at busyareas such as Moeslim boarding school at Sta. 0+000, Traditional market at Sta. 0+600,Sta. 1+550 and Sta. 1+000, Elementary school at Sta. 0+850 and Sta. 1+200, Clinic atSta. 0+950 and Sta. 4+750 and mostly is rice paddy field. They are only shown as anintegral part of school zones. Speed limits and traffic calming measures are commonsafety features on highways in Indonesia but missing from design drawings. Examples
of standard and enhanced speed limit signs are shown below:
Standard Speed
Limit & PedestrianCrossing Signs
Enhanced Speed
Limit Sign with
Standard
Pedestrian
Crossing Sign
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Existing Flashers Near and on Project
Typical Rumble
Strips at
Pedestrian
Crossing near
Project
Existing Rumble
Strips on Project
Typical Enhanced Signs
Used in Many Countries
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Recommendations: Speed Limits & Traffic Calming
Review design drawings and add speed limits, (using enhanced signs atsome locations) and traffic calming features such as rumble strips and
flashers at appropriate locations where speed reduction will improve
safety, including: junctions, pedestrian crossings & public area such as
schools, clinics, etc.
3.2 Tree Planting
Planting is extensive along Indonesian roads and greatly enhances the environment. Ithas been shown to assist road safety by creating a pleasant calming effect on road
users and helping to define communities. In many places the planting complements theroad infrastructure, including pedestrian footways. Good examples are shown below:
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Planting Problems:
Small plants grow into big plants and a lack of maintenance budgets or poormaintenance leads to many safety problems including:
blocked footways hidden signs
ineffective street lights obscured pedestrians
Examples of existing problems on project highway are shown below:
Poorly Maintained Footpaths
Avoid Placing Tress that Block Footpaths or Hide Signs
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Two Types of New Trees
Trees are proposed at the
roject (SRIP)
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Planted in Front of Important Sign
ne major junction and the school zones
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Planting Recommendations
Review plant maintenance capabilities before deciding final planting Choose plants that need minimum maintenance
Review need to plant in containers to restrict growth Ideally trees should be planted 2.5 m from road edge Plan the planting for future growth that ensures plants will not obscure
signs, signals, lightning or pedestrians Take particular care at junctions and school zones, see below.
All trees planting should refer to:
Pedoman teknis Penanaman Pohon Pada sistem Jaringan Jalan 2010Technical Guidelines for Planting Trees at Road Network System 2010
3.3 Problem: Junction DesignThe existing junction has several unsafe features and the proposed junction design hasdeficiencies.
Existing problems that need resolving: too much advertising reducing effectiveness of signing and taking drivers
attention away from junction
blocked footpaths - bushes, weeds and more advertising
See numerous examples photograph below:
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There are existing flasherthey are missing from Desi
roject (SRIP)
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to warn and slow traffic on both mainns, see photos & design drawings belo
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and side roads but:
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Junction Design also has other deficiencies, for example;
Island and median are not design for old, young, cyclists etc
No Rumble strips are shown on the approaches to the intersection
The curbs are not to be painted.
Bus stop locations and designs are not clear
Junction Recommendations
All advertising should be removed or at least greatly reduced in theimmediate vicinity of the junction
Maintenance requirements need reviewing to ensure all existing andfuture footpaths remain clear of obstructions, (advertising, trees,
weeds etc) All planting should be reviewed to ensure signs and footpaths are
not blocked as plants grow New high intensity flashers should be installed on all three
approaches Rumble strips should be installed on all three approaches about 40
meters before the intersection; Bus stops and parking bays need careful design, (including
connecting footpaths and plans for current bus bays).
Curbs should be pedestrian friendly at the junction Curbs should be painted for visibility and to control parking
The LED traffic lamp is
more bright in daily light
The bulb traffic lamp is
dreary in daily light
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3.4 Problem: Schoo
The design of the threepedestrian crossing and thproblems. The crossing is
roject (SRIP)
-ID Widang
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l Zones
school zones is not clear, particularlye shoulders and the planting of trees conly shown in one of the four drawing det
Road Safety Audit
Lamongan East Java
with regard to theuld cause significantails, see below:
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School zones need to be
pupils boarding buses as
school zones. Great care i
School Zone Recom
Safety of school z
period
Ensure school zon
and rumble strips -
Review planting of
maintenance capa
Ensure the should
there is a sound, d
roject (SRIP)
-ID Widang
19
esigned for hundreds of cyclists and p
ell. Poorly controlled busses often add
needed during construction.
endations
ones should be addressed througho
e design is standard, including corre
see below:
trees at school zones in light of cur
ilities
rs where pupils wait to cross are at l
y place to wait
Road Safety Audit
Lamongan East Java
destrians and many
to the danger of the
t the construction
ct, signs, markings
rent and proposed
east sealed so that
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roject (SRIP)
-ID Widang
21
Road Safety Audit
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5 Problem: Pedes
Pedestrian crossings are aand they need to be design
Only a few pedestrian croswith a footpath or even a s
Pedestrian Crossing
Review all proposed anincluding:
pedestrian footp restricted parkin Island and medi
such poles or tre
Traffic calming s Pedestrian friend
Pedoman Teknis Perekayasa
(Technical Guidelines for Pe
Poorly Designed, Constr
roject (SRIP)
-ID Widang
22
rian Crossings:
n essential road safety component on eved so that they can be used effectively.
sings are proposed in detailed drawingsaled shoulder. None have any speed re
ecommendations
d other potential crossing sites and
ths or improved shoulders
n at the pedestrian crossing shoulds
ch as rumble strips, speed limits or flly Islands and medians, see reference
an Fasilitas Pejalan Kaki di Wilayah Kota, S
estrian Facility at City region, SK.43/AJ 007
cted or Maintained Crossings Will No
Road Safety Audit
Lamongan East Java
ery national highway
but none are shownuction measures.
dd safety features
without obstacles
ashersbelow:
.43/AJ 007/DRJD/97.
DRJD/97)
t be Used
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3.6 U Turns at Median Gaps
There are 5 five gaps in median that are likely to result in serious accident patterns.None of the U turns use a taper as all of them are at a narrow median. A crossing isshown at one of the gaps.
6d Information Signs are Proposed at gaps
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Problems; U Turn at median Gaps
No Traffic Calming and speed limit approaching the U Turn are proposed toreduce the vehicle speed.
The nose of the median is not proposed to be painted with the pavement
marking non thermoplastic type or not clear visibility during night time,
Mostly the median nose are always crash by the vehicle, serious accident
always occurred at this condition see photograph bellows;
The sign is always use a standard traffic sign post. The height of poles is
about 1.75 ~ 2.00 m. It is difficult for driver to see the U Turn sign within 50
meter distance approaching the U turn location.
Homemade - Non Standard Attempts at Improving Safety at Median Gap
Many median gaps inIndonesia are damagedand poorly signed and
defined
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Driver have difficulties to see the U Turn sign at distance 25 meter approaching the U
turn.
U Turn Recommendations
Improving signing at U turns
o Use the road sign with the high mast arms poles is advantageous as
an advance sign for the driver to notice the position of U Turn.
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The approach nose of median should be conspicuous to approaching
drivers and should be definitely clear of vehicle paths, physically and
visually, so that drivers will not shy away from mounting of median; Painting the curb with bright color are particularly
advantageous for road user to avoid crashing the median or
islands.
Curb painting
Additional ramp at U Turn could be considering for better turningmovement for the vehicles. It is attach in detailed engineering design as a
standard drawing.
Poles with Bright
Colour and
Reflectorized
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Guard Poles shoul
also could be an a
colours (Yellow)
LDS is intended for the li
retro reflection a cross
roject (SRIP)
-ID Widang
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be installed, besides protecting the
vance warning for the drivers if painti
inear reflectorization of concrete barriers & met
very wide range of entrance & observation abgl
The Ligh
another
normal s
installed.
at surab
Road Safety Audit
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oad sign poles
ng with the bright
al guardrails. It provides
es
Delineator is
solution where
ign cannot be
It is already installed
ya
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All the 5 U Turn
movement is onl
prohibited for tru
project.
There is a wide U Tur
And all of the heavy v
Wide U Tu
heavy vehi
buse
roject (SRIP)
-ID Widang
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t the DED are Narrow U Turns and
suitable for motorcycles and li
k or bus use the narrow U Turn a
for Truck and Bus nearly the beginni
hicle and buses should use this turni
rn for
les and
s
Be
KECUALI BUS
DAN TRUK
Additio
bannin
Road Safety Audit
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radius for turning
ht vehicles. It is
long as the road
ng of the project.
ng movement
gining of
roject
nal plate with
for truck and
busses
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3.7 Problem: Guard Rails:
No guard rails are shown in the design drawings but they will be needed to protect atleast one bridge shown below:
Bridge Near the Beginning of Project
Guard Rail Recommendations
Designs should be reviewed for the need to install guard rails at bridge and
perhaps other locations
Guard rails designs should include strong connections to bridge parapet,
similar to examples below, (on Indonesia Tollway and Australia)
Paint bridges bright colour
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3.8 Problem: Bus Stops and Parking
Small and Big Buses Waiting for Passengers near the Junction.
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Apart from at one unction,Lamongan. Planned parki
areas and school zones.vehicles such as trucks an
Most of Activities on, orcommercial activities etc.pedestrians and can jeopar
Parked vehicles cau
Parked vehicles cau
Parked vehicles defl
Parked vehicles blo Parked vehicles, bet
Bus Stop Recommen
Review need forappropriate facilitiminimise disruptio
Where possible erequirement (Pedkendaraan penuguidance for Publi
Sample of Bus Stops
roject (SRIP)
-ID Widang
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there are no bus stops or parking areasg is essential for road safety, especiall
Where necessary, parking should bebuses.
near, the kerbside such as car parkican have adverse affects on the freeddize their safety.
sing physical obstructions which are side
sing sudden braking or nose-to-tail shunt
ect oncoming vehicles into adjacent vehi
k visibility for any road user;ween which pedestrians emerge, lead to
ations
bus stops, parking and loadings, particularly at schools factories
n to main road traffic flow.tend the taper for Bus stops and
oman Teknis perekayasaan temppang umum, Dirjen PerhubunganBus Stops, DGLT)
t Intersection
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designed on Widangy at markets, public
designed for heavy
ng, local accesses,om of movement to
swiped or run into;
s;
cle paths;
accidents
areas and designnd junctions, that
arking areas. Seeat pemberhentian
darat, Technical
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4 PROBLEMS & RECOMMENDATIONS - CONSTRUCTION
PHASE4.1 Problem: Signs, Road Markings & Delineation
The contractor has installed many warning and direction signs and delineatorsthroughout the construction zone, (see good examples below), but there is a greatvariation in their effectiveness throughout the site.
Specific problems include the following:
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Advance warning of the construction zone is bad
There are no speed limits signs
Some signs are dirty and lack visibility Others are inadequate at critical locations.
There are two new Indonesian references, published in 2010 by Directorate General of
Bina Marga that provide useful information related to construction zone safety and
other more general areas of road safety engineering:
Practical Guidelines, Road Safety of Construction Zones to Support Einrip Projects
Making Indonesias Roads Safer, Australia-Indonesia Partnership in Road Safety
Engineering
A page on construction safety from the latter reference is appended to the end of thisreport, Appendix B in English and Appendix C in Bahasa
The construction zone changes on a daily basis and has changed significantly since thesite visit so the recommendations are general rather than location specific.
Recommendations
Better advance warning signs and speed limits should be installed, seeexamples below
Example ofSpeed Limit atConstruction
Zone onIndonesiaHighway
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Ensure all signs, b
Additional cable/rcones especially d
Add more signs, bas shown below:
roject (SRIP)
-ID Widang
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rricades, cones and delineators are c
pe reflector lines would be betterring night.
arricades, cones or delineators at crit
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leaned regularly
installed between
ical locations such
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Confusing Road Markings & Hidden Signs near Start of Project, Sta 0+250
No Delineation of Centre Line near Start of Project Travelling East
Cones or other Delineation Needed for Road Edge
Very unprofessionalsigns,
(but usually hidden seeabove photo)
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Temporary Centre Line Markings or Delineation Needed
Temporary Centre Line Markings or Delineation Needed
Need for Good Centre Line Delineation
Take particular care to ensure safety at locations used by pedestrians orhigh volumes of side road or access road traffic - see examples below;
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Traffic Calming, Addition
Special Care Needed at C
roject (SRIP)
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al Signs and Delineation Needed Near
rossing & Busy Side Road
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School
Take special
care to address
needs of
pedestrians at
school
entrances
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Traffic Calming, Additional Signs and Delineation Needed Near Fuel Station
4.2 Problem: Poor Worker Safety
Very few road workers wear safety clothing - fluorescent for daytime with reflectivestrips for night. The separation between workers and traffic is often minimal ornegligible. High visibility clothing and separators improve safety for both workers androad users
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Worker Safety Recom
Site Supervisionclothing increases Separation betwee
defined, see table
roject (SRIP)
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mendations
taff should ensure that the level ofmonth by monthn workers and traffic needs to be coelow:
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wearing of safety
sistent and clearly
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Appendix A. References
1. Pedoman Audit Keselamatan Jalan (PD T-17-2005-B), PU Prasarana Transportasi
(Road Safety Guidelines (PDT -17 2005 B). Public Works, Transportation)
2. Pedoman Teknis Perekayasaan Tempat Pemberhentian kendaraan Penumpang
Umum, Dirjen Perhubungan darat No. 271/HK.105/DRJD/96
(Technical guidance for Public Bus Stops, Directorate General land &
transportation No. 271/HK.105/DRJD/96)
3. Pedoman Audit Keselamatan di jalan raya (Austroads Standard) edisi ke 2, 2002
(Road safety Audit Guidelines (Austroads Standards) Second edition 2002)
4. Pedoman Teknis Penanaman Pohon Pada Sistem Jaringan jalan 2010(Technical Guidelines for Planting trees at Road Network System 2010)
5. Pedoman teknis Fasilitas Pejalan Kaki di Perkotaan SK.43/AJ 007/DRJD/1997
Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Darat)
(Technical Guidelines for Pedestrian facilities at Cities region, SK.43/AJ
007/DRJD/1997, Directorate General land & transportation)
6. Mewujudkan Jalan Berkeselamatan di Indonesia, Australia Indonesia
bekerjasama dalam teknis keselamatan di Jalan. Direktorat Jenderal Bina Marga,
INDIE 2010
(Making Indonesias Roads Safer, Australia- Indonesia Partnership in Road
Safety Engineering, Directorate General of Bina Marga, INDI 2010)See extracts on construction zone safety below.
7. Petunjuk Praktis , Keselamatan Jalan Pada Zona Kerja di Jalan, mendukung Proyek
EINRIP, Direktorat Jenderal Bina Marga
(Practical Guidelines, Road Safety of Construction Zone) to Support EINRIP
Projects, Directorate General of Bina Marga
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Appendix B Safety Concerns at Roadworks - English
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Appendix C Safety Concerns at Roadworks - Bahasa