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Teach Writing With Confidence:For Teacher Candidates in Social Science & the
Humanities and Canadian & World Studies
Risa GluskinYork Mills C.I. ([email protected])Jan. 13, 2014
Blog: gluskin.ca
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Talk About Writing…
That’s a good topic sentence because…
The writer is like a tour guide for the reader…
Use strong words to indicate your position… …directly
Adjectives are your best friends…
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Whose Confidence?
The title of the presentation is teach writing with confidence: Did you take confident to refer to you or
the students?
anxious teacher
nervous student
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Growth Mindset / Growth Zone
Panic Zone
Growth Zone
Comfort Zone
Intelligence is not fixed
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Inquiry Model
In social sciences and Canadian and world studies courses NOW
Historical thinking concepts
Interpretation
Documents
NOT memorization of facts
LOTS TO WRITE ABOUT
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Have a Course or Unit Plan
Start small Paragraph before essay, even in grade
12 Topic sentences before thesis
statements Start with in-role writing
It forces students to take a position, from which they learn to argue and use persuasive and descriptive language
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Structure
5
Is flexible
Is adaptable
-in-class essay
-visual essay
Is a great place to start
-build to longer essays
Teach paragraphs first
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Scaffold
Support your students
Don’t assume they can do things without being taught how
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Integrate with Course Material Skills + content can be taught
together They don’t need to be separated Linking to course content makes it easier
for students to use the skills Requires planning ahead Reinforce skills orally through
debating (oral language is the foundation for writing)
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Use Formulas
Thesis = main argument + sub-topics
Topic Sentence = main argument + sub-topics Adjectives help to convey a
strong position
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Thesis
Glue = what holds the sub-topics together
Sub-topic 1
Sub-topic 2Sub-topic 3
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Seesaw
Argument
Evidence
Light = a list
Heavy = opinion only, a rant
Light = opinion only, a rant
Heavy = a list
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Build a Hypothesis (Social Science)
High poverty levels and low levels of health literacy are directly related in Canadian society; the lack of education options available for low income earners as well as communication barriers between new immigrants and health professionals are clear indications of systemic discrimination within the health and education sectors.
Hypothesis
Main argument
Sub-topics (variables)
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Build a Hypothesis
end point
Strong words:
•High
•Low
•Directly
•Barriers
•Clear
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Topic Sentence Scaffold Life in the 1930’s was a hardship for
most Canadians as demonstrated by… Life was a hardship = main argument Students would then describe sub-topics
using STRONG adjectives: Challenging living conditions Destabilizing social unrest Widespread discrimination Difficult environmental conditions Stigmatizing feelings of personal shame
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Use Common Terminology
Be consistent Point = general idea Example = specific evidence, detail,
proof Argument = explanation, connection or
link to thesis or topic sentence How the evidence proves the thesis or
topic sentence
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Note-Taking
Support and encourage the right kind of note-taking Teach a format that will encourage
students to look for and record detailed examples
Practice using this format in class Start with the textbook
Have students distinguish between general ideas and specific examples in the textbook
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Note-Taking Method #1
Support and encourage the right kind of note-taking Teach a format that will encourage
students to look for and record detailed examples
Practice using this format in class Start with the textbook
Have students distinguish between general ideas and specific examples in the textbook
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Note-Taking Format – Method #1
afterlifeThe Book of the Dead contained scenes that illustrated how a person was to be judged worthy or not of the afterlife…
13
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Note-Taking Method #2
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Using Your Own Words Most common problem:
Students copy directly from the source without quoting
Even if they cite the source they are still plagiarizing by copying the words of the author(s)
Solutions? Check hand-written notes (handed in) Do a class example together of how to
paraphrase and cite
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Plagiarism Prevention
Proactive tips: Change assignments or topics often Put special twists in them that are
particular to your course Have students write the final product in-
class Make assignments date-restrictive (e.g.,
use articles written after Sept., 2013) Have note-taking done by hand
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Highlighting Sub-Topics in Notes
Have students highlight their notes using different colours for different categories:
categories = sub-topics 3 colours = 3 sub-topics
Encourages students to use their notes more effectively Helps them see patterns and relationships
(and repetition)
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Sample of Notes
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Outline Stage Transition from research to writing Allows teacher to see students’ progress
BEFORE the essay / paragraph Encourages good habits:
Preparing in advance Citing sources Connecting evidence to argument
Teacher can provide electronic template
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CHC 2D – 1930s Argumentative Paragraph Scaffold
Example/Evidence #1:
Source:
Explanation/Argument:
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Outline
Point- form outline
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Outline
Electronic template
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Go Forth and Be Confident
Talk about writing casually and formally
Get students to write often Give feedback
oral and written
Use a journal