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Prepared by: Richer Irish B. Evangelista
CLIP ARTS OF THE
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
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The foundations of the
endocrine system are the hormones
and glands. As the body's chemicalmessengers, hormones transfer
information and instructions from
one set of cells to another. Although
many different hormones circulate
throughout the bloodstream, each
one affects only the cells that are
genetically programmed to receive
and respond to its message.
Hormone levels can be influenced byfactors such as stress, infection, and
changes in the balance of fluid and
minerals in blood.
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A gland is a group of cells that
produces and secretes, or gives off,
chemicals. A gland selects and removes
materials from the blood, processes
them, and secretes the finished
chemical product for use somewhere in
the body. Some types of glands release
their secretions in specific areas. For
instance, exocrine glands, such as the
sweat and salivary glands, release
secretions in the skin or inside of the
mouth. Endocrine glands, on the other
hand, release more than 20 major
hormones directly into the bloodstream
where they can be transported to cells
in other parts of the body.
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The endocrine system begins
with glands which secrete regulatory
chemicals known as hormones intothe bloodstream. The bloodstream
whisks the hormones to the
intended target, supplying the
necessary bodily function with an
adequate supply of hormones.
Target cell, the reception area of the
appropriate reception of the
hormones, give out feedback signals
which explains to the endocrineglands how much hormone is
necessary.
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The human body contains
variable glands throughout the body.Each, however, is classified either as
endocrine glands or exocrine glands.
Exocrine glands are responsible for
the production of mucous, sweat,
saliva, and other bodily excretions.
The endocrine glands produce
enough variants within the entire
system that they are worthy of an
entire system devoted specifically totheir responsibilities, thus the
human body has an endocrine
system.
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The endocrine glands secrete
their product directly into the
bloodstream, bypassing the need for
a duct system that the exocrineglands require. Chemicals that can
not be deposited into the blood are
deposited into the interstitial fluid
which surrounds the gland.
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Controls Pituitary Gland
control many other endocrine functions
These include follicle-stimulating hormone
(FSH), which stimulates development and
maturation of a follicle in one of a womansovaries, and leutinizing hormone (LH), which
causes the bursting of that follicle (= ovulation)
and the formation of a corpus luteum from the
remains of the follicle.
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
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The pituitary gland is the major and
controlling gland of the endocrine system. Often
referred to as the master gland of the endocrine
system, the structure of pituitary gland, along
with the hormones it secretes combine to form
the primary site in the body for the coordination
of nervous system and endocrine system function.The pituitary gland, also known as the hypophysis
or hypophysis cerbri, produces a number of
hormones that control hormone production in
other endocrine glands.
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
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This gland is located near the center of the
brain in humans, and is stimulated by nerves fromthe eyes. In some other animals, the pineal gland
is closer to the skin and directly stimulated by
light (some lizards even have a third eye). The
pineal gland secreted melatonin at night when its
dark, thus secretes more in winter when thenights are longer. Melatonin promotes sleep
(makes you feel sleepy). It also affects
reproductive functions by depressing the activity
of the gonads.
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
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Thyroid gland makes and stores hormones
that help regulate the heart rate, blood pressure,
body temperature, and the rate at which food is
converted into energy. Thyroid hormones are
essential for the function of every cell in the body.
They help regulate growth and the rate ofchemical reactions (metabolism) in the body.
Thyroid hormones also help children grow and
develop.
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
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The parathyroid glands are four or more
small glands, about the size of a grain of rice,located on the posterior surface (back side) of the
thyroid gland. The parathyroid glands are named
for their proximity to the thyroid but serve a
completely different role than the thyroid gland.
They are quite easily recognizable from thethyroid as they have densely packed cells, in
contrast with the follicle structure of the thyroid.
However, at surgery, they are harder to
differentiate from the thyroid or fat.
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
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These sit on top of the kidneys.
They
consist of two parts, the outer cortex and the
inner medulla. The medulla secretes epinephrine
(= adrenaline) and other similar hormones in
response to stressors such as fright, anger,
caffeine, or low blood sugar. The cortex secretescorticosteroids such as cortisone. Corticosteroids
are well-known as being anti-inflammatory, thus
are prescribed for a number of conditions.
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
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THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
The pancreas is a gland organ
in the digestive and endocrine system
of vertebrates. It is both an endocrinegland producing several important
hormones, including insulin, glucagon,
and somatostatin, as well as an
exocrine gland, secreting pancreatic
juice containing digestive enzymes
that pass to the small intestine. These
enzymes help to further break down
the carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
in the chyme.menu
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THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
The ovary is an ovum-producing
reproductive organ, often found in pairs
as part of the vertebrate female
reproductive system. Ovaries in femalesare homologous to testes in males, in that
they are both gonads and endocrine
glands.
The ovaries aren't attached to
the fallopian tubes but to the outer layer
of the uterus via the ovarian ligaments.
Usually each ovary takes turns releasing
eggs every month; however, if there was a
case where one ovary was absent or
dysfunctional then the other ovary would
continue providing eggs to be released.
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THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
The testicle (from Latin
testiculus, diminutive oftestis,
meaning "witness" [of virility],
plural testes) is the male
generative gland in animals.
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Human Endocrine System
Clipart images of the human
endocrine system, which includes the
system of organs involved in the production
of hormones responsible for regulating
metabolism, growth, development, and
tissue function that are not included in the
other systems. Organs in this category
include the thyroid, parathyroid, thymus,
adrenal glands, liver, and pancreas.
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Hepatic Lobules of the Liver
Diagram of two hepatic lobules of the
liver. "The left hand lobule is represented
with the intralobular vein cut across; in the
right hand one the section takes the course
of the intralobular vein. ...
Liver
"The Liver seen from Below and Behind. A
and B, smaller lobes of the liver; C, portal
vein; D hepatic artery; E, inferior vena
cava; F, trunk of the left he...
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Liver
Under surface of liver. Labels: 1, right lobe; 2,
left lobe; 3, 4, 5, smaller lobes; 9, inferior vena
cava; 10, gall-bladder; 11, 11, transverse
fissure, or "gate of the liver," containing bile
duct...
Liver
The liver, lower surface....
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Liver from Behind
The liver from the below and behind, showing the
whole of the visceral surface and the posterior area of
the parietal surface. The portal fissure has been
slightly opened up to show the vessels passin...
Liver from Front
The liver from the front, showing the superior, right,
and anterior areas of the parietal surface....
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Liver Structure
Diagram to illustrate the relationship of blood
capillaries, bile capillaries, and liver cells.
Labels: L, intralobular vein at center of lobule;
P, vessel of interlobular plexus from which a
blood ...
Deformed Liver,
Deformed female liver....
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Fissures and Lobes of Liver,
Fissures and Lobes of the liver. There are 5 fissures of the
liver, which are situated on the inferior and posterior
surfaces and arranged in the form of the letter H. There
are 5 lobes of the liver...
Liver, Structure
Diagram to illustrate the arrangement of the blood
vessels (on right) within the lobule of the liver. The first
diagram shows the interlobular veins running around the
outerside of the lobule, and se...
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Structure of the Liver,
A diagram to illustrate the structure of the liver. A,
arrangement of liver lobules around the sublobular
branches of the hepatic vein; B, Section of portal canal,
showing its contained branches of th...
Under Surface of Liver,
The under surface of the liver. Labels: d, right, and s, left
lobe; Vh, hepatic vein; Vp, portal vein; Vc, vena cava
inferior; Dch, common bile-duct; Dc, cystic duct; Dh,
hepatic duct; Vf, gallbladd...
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Lobule ofThymus Gland
Transverse section of a lobule of an injected infantile thymus
gland. Labels: a, capsule of connective tissue surrounding the
lobule; b, membrane of the glandular vesicles; c, cavity of the
lobule, fr...
Lobules of the Liver
Lobules of the liver (1), which are small, granular-looking
bodies, of polygonal shape, and about 1/20 inch in diameter,
clustered around the sublobular branches of the hepaticveins, and connected to...
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Pancreas
"The pancreas, partly cut away, so as to show the duct,
which collects the pancreatic juice, and empties it into the
duodenum." Tracy, 1888...
Pancreas
Posterior view of pancreas. Labels: 1, pancreas; 2,
pancreatic duct; 6, opening of common duct, formed by
union of pancreatic and choledochus ducts, into
duodenum; A, pyloric end of stomach; B, duod...
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Pancreas Showing Arrangement of Lobules,
Section of
Section of pancreas under low magnification,
showing general arrangement of lobules....
Pancreas, Section of
Section of human pancreas, showing pancreatic
islands....
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Pancreas,
The pancreas, a compound racemose gland
about 5.5 inches long and 1.5 inches wide,
situated transversely across the posterior wall of
the abdomen behind the stomach and in front of
the first lumbar ve...
Parathyroid Gland
The position of the parathyroid glands. Viewed
from behind....
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Thymus Gland
The thymus gland in a full term fetus....
Thymus Gland
Deep surface of the thymus gland, taken
from a fetus....
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Thymus Showing Replacement ofThymus
Tissue by Fat, Section of
Section of thymus body of man of twenty
eight, showing invasion and replacement
of thymus tissue by fat....
Elements of the Thymus,
Elements of the thymus....
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