Rheumatoid Arthritis to Osteoarthritis, even sprains and strains!!!
Important VocabularyArticulation: Is a joint. Arthrology: A science concerned with the
study of joints.Kinesiology: The science dealing with the
interrelationship of the physiological processes and anatomy of the human body with respect to movement.
Kinesiology
Vocabulary Cont…Rheumatology: The study and treatment of
rheumatic diseases.Dislocation: Displacement of a bone from a
joint with tearing of ligaments, tendons, and articular capsules.
Dislocations of the Hip& Knee
Dislocation Gone BadSome dislocations can leave you
permanently disabled.
*This next picture is very graphic, if you need to leave or turn
around feel free to do so at this time.
Compound dislocation
Structural ClassificationsFibrous- Without any movement, fibrous
joints are connected to the bones. Your skull and pelvis are held together by fibrous joints, also the spinous processes and the vertebrae.
Cartilaginous- The joints which the bones are connected by cartilage. These joints allow little movement, examples are in the spine and the ribs.
Cartilaginous
Structural cont…Synovial- These joints allow more movement
than the other two. The cavities between the bone is filled with synovial fluid. The fluid helps protect bones and keep them moisturized.
Functional ClassificationsThese joints can be classified as:
Synarthrosis- joint allowing no movement at all.
Amphiarthrosis- joint allowing minimal movement.
Diarthrosis- Joint that allows many different types of movement, such as: a flexion, adduction, and pronation.
SynarthrosisVery little if any mobility. These can be
categorized by how two bones are joined together.
Synchondroses- Joints of two bones joined together by a piece of cartilage.
Syndesmoses- Joints where two bones are connected by one or more ligaments.
Synostoses- The merging of two bones, until they become almost one bone. An example would be plates of the cranium, they are separated ay birth, and over time as the body grows into adulthood they fuse together.
Diarthroses
Most popular and movable joint in the body.Bones are covered in cartilage, the cartilage
thickness varies with each different joint.Articular cartilage has multiple layers. A thin
layer provides a smooth surface for bones to slide against each other during motion.
Synovium covers the non-cartilaginous areas of the articular capsule. This is a separate layer of cellular tissue, containing blood vessels and nerves.
Combining Joints by Image
Hinge- allows extension and retraction. Saddle- Movement back and forth, up and
down. Ball and Socket- allows movement in almost
all direction. Found in the hips and shoulders. Pivot- rotation around an axis. Examples,
neck, wrists, ankles, forearms, etc. Ellipsoid- allow movement to lesser
magnitude, such as the wrist.
Rheumatoid ArthritisThe meaning of arthritis is “joint
inflammation”. This causes pain, swelling, and stiffness in the afflicted area. This type of arthritis is one of the most common forms.
RA occurs when your body’s immune system raids a joint. This causes a worsening of the situation of severe pain most commonly found in the wrists, hands, feet, neck, elbows, shoulders, knees, hips, and ankles. Another downside to RA is loss of appetite, energy, a fever may occur, or lumps under the skin. RA mostly affects women, it is not a rare disease. It covers 1.3 million adults.
Osteoarthritis
Along with RA, osteoarthritis is the other leading contender in the most popular type of arthritis. This kind only begins with the breaking down of joint cartilage. Leading into the pain and stiffness. The matter of course affects your hip, knee, spine, and the joints of the fingers. Osteoarthritis differs from the others because it can be caused by continuous work-related harm, and/or physical disturbances. This can cause work disabilities. 27 million adults over the age of 25 are affected.
Sprain VS. Strain
A sprain is harm done to the ligaments surrounding a certain joint some causes of a sprain is when a joint is pressured to move into an unknown position it is not used to. A sprain is easier to take care of than a strain. Use ice to decrease the swelling, not moving than sprained are , keeping it bandaged(properly), and elevated above the heart, especially while sleeping.
Sprain vs. Strain cont…
A strain is trauma done to the muscle or tendon connected to the bone or joint. Depending on how bad the strain is, it could simply be an overstretched muscle, or as worse as a partial or complete tear.
Resourceshttp://www.celebrex.com/aboutArthritis.aspx http://adam.aboput.com/encyclopedia/first
aid/sprains.htmhttp://sportsmedicine.about.com/cs/injuries/
a/sprain.htmhttp://www.emedicinehealth.com/
rheumatoidarthritis/articleem.htm
Created by: Courtney Slatick, Tori Sierminski, & Lonnie Messer
