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Respiration
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ALL ORGANISMS CARRY ON SOME FORM OF CELLULAR
RESPIRATION
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Cellular respiration
• Chemical reactions that release the energy found in food.
• The main food used for energy is GLUCOSE
• The glucose molecule is taken apart, which means the chemical bonds are broken.
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• Glucose looks like:
• The chemical bonds that hold the molecule together hold energy.
• When those bonds are broken the energy is released.
• Cellular respiration breaks those chemical bonds
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The release of energy cannot occur all atonce. Too much heat would be released insideyour cells. Instead, the release of energy occursin a series of enzyme-controlled smallsteps. The energy stored in glucose is convertedinto a usable form, the energy source ofall cells, adenosine triphosphate, or ATP.
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• The energy that is released from glucose is stored in molecules of ATP.
• ATP – adenosine triphosphate
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• ATP has three phosphate groups. When those phosphate groups are bonded together they hold a lot of energy!!!!!
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• The process begins with ADP (adenosine diphosphate)
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When energy is released from glucose it is used to add a third phosphate group to ADP, forming a high energy bond that stores energy for use by the organism.
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Draw this reaction
Energy is storedADP + P ATPEnergy is released
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Mitochondria-Organelle where cellular
respiration occurs
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• What activities do humans need ATP molecules for?
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Equation for cellular respiration:
C6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O + 36ATP
Raw materials = Glucose and oxygenEnergy source= ATPProducts= carbon dioxide + Water + Energy (ATP)* ATP is needed to fuel the reaction and ATP is produced also
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Cellular respiration that occurs without oxygen is called fermentation
Fermentation is used to make alcoholic beverages, cheeses and yogurts and in baking
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