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Renewable Sources of EnergySlide Compiled by:-
Arpit Kapoor
Anil kumar Yadav
B.Tech 4th year
Department of Electrical Engineering
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Specific Questions
What are the current and projected Indiaenergy (fuel + electricity) demands.
How the demand of Electricity currently being
generated ? In the future ? What contribution can Renewable Energy
make to future fuel and electricity needs ?
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How are the energy needs supplied ?
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Present Energy Resources
Fossil fuels - coal, oil, gas are all of limitedamounts. Cant be replaced.
Nuclear fuels -limited amounts of uranium fornuclear fission reactors but reprocessing offuel possible.
Difficult to estimate how long these fuels willlast - but is it sustainable economically orenvironmentally?
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Sustainable Situation
Renewable energy resources are beingreplaced / generated at the same rate that
they are being utilised.
Hence they will last indefinitely.
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Renewable Energy Generation in India
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Types of Renewable Energy Sources
Solar Energy Solar Cells
Solar Panel
Solar Roof Tiles
Wind Energy
Tidal Energy
Bio Mass
Geothermal Energy
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Solar Energy
Solar Panel
Solar Heating
Panels/Passive
Solar Power Generation Solar Cells / Photovoltaic
Cells
Solar Cells
Convert light into a small
electrical output -mill watts
output. Need a bank/array of cells
for useful output.
Cost of cells is high but
reducing. Efficiency of cells is up to
23%/ improving.
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Solar Panels
Are situated on roof of
building.
Absorb heat in the form ofradiation from sun.
Basically system is like a
domestic central heating
radiator paintedblack/insulated.
Provides topping up of
domestic hot water.
Solar Roof Tiles
Roof mounted
solar panels (Solar
century)
Integrated solar tiles
installed by Solar Century
on a current development
in Milton Keynes by English
partnership and Bloor
homes.
Innovative SunSlates
installation by
Solar century for Liang
Homes
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Wind Energy
A wind turbine is a device that converts kinetic energy from thewind into mechanical energy. If the mechanical energy is used to
produce electricity, the device may be called a wind
generator or wind charger.
Each wind turbine can produce between 1/4 and 2 MW of electrical
power.
Wind farm needs to be located where there is a relatively high
average wind speed.
Advantages?
Disadvantages?
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Off-Shore Wind Turbines
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Hydroelectricity
Currently largest source of electricity fromrenewables.
Needs guaranteed supply of water.
Kinetic energy of water rotates turbines whichgenerate electricity.
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Tidal Energy
Located at some coastal sites - usuallyestuaries and bays with large tidal range.
Shape of coastal site above and below sea
level determines range e.g. Bay of Bengal. At high tide reservoir of water is created
which is allowed to flow through turbines
located in dam. Expensive construction.
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BIOMASS
Biomass, as a renewableenergy source, is biologicalmaterial from living, orrecently living organisms. Asan energy source, biomass caneither be used directly, or
converted into other energyproducts such as biofuel.
In the first sense, biomass isplant matter used togenerate electricity with steamturbines. Examples includeforest residues (such as deadtrees, branches and tree
stumps), wood chips andeven municipal solid waste. Inthe second sense, biomassincludes plant or animalmatter that can be convertedinto fibers or other
industrial chemicals,including biofuels. Industrialbiomass can be grown fromnumerous types of plants.
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Geothermal Energy
Geothermalelectricity is electricitygenerated from geothermalenergy.
Technologies in use includedry steam power plants, flashsteam power plants and binarycycle power plants.Geothermal electricitygeneration is currently used in
24 countries
while geothermalheating is in use in 70countries. Estimates of theelectricity generating potentialof geothermal energy varyfrom 35 to 2000 GW. Current
worldwide installed capacity is10,715 megawatts (MW), withthe largest capacity inthe United States (3,086MW), Philippines,and Indonesia.
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Electricity Demand in India-slab using
2005 ,2015,2030.
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