Ministry of Power and EnergySri Lanka
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Renewable Energy Development in Sri LankaOpportunities and Challenges
Overview
• Power Sector of Sri Lanka at a glance
• Renewable Energy Potential and Development
• Challenges in Development of Renewable Energy
• Proposed Remedial Actions for High Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources
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• Peak Demand 2,164 MW
• Installed Capacity 2013
Hydro (CEB owned) 1,361 MW
Thermal (CEB Owned) 1,464 MW
Thermal (IPP) 771 MW
NCRE (IPP) 367 MW
Total Installed Capacity 3,963 MW
• Electricity Generation 2013Gross Generation 11,954 GWh
• Hydro 50%
• Oil 28%
• Coal 12%
• NCRE 10%
• System Loss 10.6%
• Electrification Level of Households 96%01/12/2014 4
Power Sector at a Glance
Wind and Solar Energy Power Potential
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The Exploitable Technical wind power potential with wind power capacity density above 8 MW per sq km is estimates as 5650 MW mainly in the North Western and Central regions
Spatial Distribution of Global Horizontal Radiation(GHI): varies from 1250 kWh/m2/year on the humid highlands to 2100 kWh/m2/year in high potential regionsTaking into consideration the land availability the exploitable solar is estimated as above 6000 MW
Wind Power Resource Map Solar Energy Resources Map
Small Hydro and Biomass Potential
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The total estimated small hydro potential is 873 MW with an annual energy generation potential of 3,061 GWh. Out of this potential, 253 MW of capacity was in operation by the end 2013 (SEA, 2014) and the capacity realisable from this total potential is estimated to be approximately 400 MW in the medium term
Average Annual Rainfall
Sri Lanka Renewable Energy Master Plan Study undertaken by RMA with the assistance of ADB indicates that potential for electricity generation using grown biomass is 2,370 MW, out of which 1,319 MW will be from dedicated energy plantations and the remaining 1,050 MW of capacity will be from mixed crops under various commercial plantations
Spatial Distribution of Land identified for Energy Plantations
Hydro Potential in Sri Lanka
• Hydro power is the main indigenous
renewable energy resource available
in the country for electricity
generation
• Almost all the economically viable hydro potential has been developed.
• The Government has put the highest emphasis on development of remaining hydro power projects in the country.
• At present 35% of the annual energy generation comes from hydro plants
Hydro Thermal Share in the Recent Past
• Non-conventional Renewable Energy sources received (NCRE) a new impetus in 1996, when the Government announced Standardized Power Purchase Agreement and standardized tariff for private developers of NCRE based power plants of capacity less than 10MW.
• It further boosted up by the introduction of cost based technology specific tariff in 2007
• By December 2013, a total of 136 small private power producers connected to the grid with 367 MW of installed capacity
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Non Conventional Renewable Energy
Major Issues/Barriers
• Grid interconnection issues have not been adequately addressed – e.g. system stability, spinning reserve needs, grid penetration levels, power quality, etc.
• Already a considerable amount of embedded generation (367MW) through mini hydro/wind plants which are not under system control operations. This strongly limits the further addition of varying source of power such as wind.
• There is strong need for continuing on going resource assessment activities for reliable data.
Daily Load Demand
The Load Curve
Low growth rate of off peak load could result energy curtailment and system stability issues with high penetration of variable renewable energy loads during off peak hours
Introduction of Pump storage
2,000MW
Time
Base Load
Middle Load
Peak Load1,320MW
Peak Demand4,717MW
Daily Load Curve Projection in 2025
De
man
d How to Manage
Improve the efficiency of the base load plants such asCoal due to the off-peak restrictions by filling the valley ofthe Load curve. Feasibility is being done.
Possible energy trade between India and Sri LankaA detailed feasibility done on Electricity Grid Interconnection
150 km
127 km
110 km
Madurai
Pannaikulam
New Anuradhapura
Mannar