October 2016 – CERDD / Hauts-de-France Climate Observatory - Diapositive 1
Regional Climate Observatory with
extended observation scope Example of Hauts-de-France region
Date : 05th october 2016
Presented by : Julien DUMONT,
Project manager
October 2016 – CERDD / Hauts-de-France Climate Observatory - Diapositive 2
Agenda
1. Why and how to build an observatory
with climate extended scopes ?
2. Focus on climatic data and indirect GHG
emissions at local level
October 2016 – CERDD / Hauts-de-France Climate Observatory - Diapositive 3
Agenda
1. Why and how to build an observatory
with climate extended scopes ?
2. Focus on climatic data and indirect GHG
emissions at local level
October 2016 – CERDD / Hauts-de-France Climate Observatory - Diapositive 4
Five authorities involved in a unique collaboration :
A common political will
Cut by 75% GHG emissions by 2050
Answer to regional stakeholder’s needs
on climate purposes (data, publications, meetings, workshops, …)
Organize a regional climate event each year
GHG emissions/
inhab. France
GHG emissions /
inhab. Nord-PdC
2050
obj.
The « Dynamique Climat»
A regional public policy
October 2016 – CERDD / Hauts-de-France Climate Observatory - Diapositive 5
5
To provide the necessary figures to facilitate
decision-making, especially at infra-regional level
To facilitate public policies monitoring, especially
the Regional SEAP indicators – although not
evaluating them
To facilitate and centralise the exchanges
among the network of people working on climate
and energy observation
Climate Observatory objectives
> A shared platform for data and resources related to
climate and energy
October 2016 – CERDD / Hauts-de-France Climate Observatory - Diapositive 6
Pressure–state-response model
Contextual indicators (i.e. energy price
evolution, GDP) From OECD, ICare environnement 2011
A selection of indicators for each observation scope
Observation scopes
Pressures
October 2016 – CERDD / Hauts-de-France Climate Observatory - Diapositive 7
PARTNERS
COMMITTEESTEERING
COMMITTEE
THEMATIC
WORKGROUPS
TECHNICAL
COMMITTEEFacilitate the
functionning
PARTNERS
NETWORK
Proposes strategic
orientations
Approves, validates
pa
rtic
ipa
tes
info
rms
A well established governance
Partners network : 134 partners
Partnership agreements : 35 signatures
Specific data exchange collaboration agreements : 8 collaboration agreements
A necessary shared tool
> A governance insuring stability and
reliability in data collection, processing
and sharing
October 2016 – CERDD / Hauts-de-France Climate Observatory - Diapositive 8
Agenda
1. Why and how to build an observatory
with climate extended scopes ?
2. Focus on climatic data and indirect GHG
emissions at local level
October 2016 – CERDD / Hauts-de-France Climate Observatory - Diapositive 9
Agenda
1. Why and how to build an observatory
with climate extended scopes ?
2. Focus on climaic data and indirect GHG
emissions at local level
a. Climatic data
b. Indirect GHG emissions
NB : regional authorities have been gathered recently :
NPDC region + Picardie region = Hauts-de-France region
October 2016 – CERDD / Hauts-de-France Climate Observatory - Diapositive 10
Temperature raised by 1,37°C for Lille city and by
1,34°C for Boulogne-sur-Mer coastal city, on 1955 –
2013 period
0,23°C/decade:
Average speed of temperature raising
1955 et 2013
Températures moyennes annuelles à Boulogne-sur-Mer et Lille, en °C
Source : Météo-France.
9,9°C -> 11,3°C
Temperature
October 2016 – CERDD / Hauts-de-France Climate Observatory - Diapositive 11
Regional and local diagnosis
available : past extreme events,
past and actual climate data,
forecast elements regarding IPCC works
Characterization of the meteo-sensitive
phenomena regarding to specific regional
vulnerabilities
Specific contributions on climate areas
> A dedicated publication
« Changement climatique : réalités et impacts pour les
habitants du Nord-Pas de Calais » - 2014
October 2016 – CERDD / Hauts-de-France Climate Observatory - Diapositive 12
Global population
exposure to climatic
risks
The Nord-Pas de Calais is a
strongly exposed region
regarding others in France
Exposure is directly bounded
to the density of municipal
population
76 %: part of municipalities middle or strongly exposed to
climatic bounded risks
Risques et impactsLinked risks and impacts
October 2016 – CERDD / Hauts-de-France Climate Observatory - Diapositive 13
An uneven exposure in
front of important floods
1st natural risk in Nord-Pas
de Calais
Vulnerability increases
because of wintry
precipitation concentration
7 118 : number of authorities disasters recognition décret on
natural disasters flood in region over the 1983 - 2010 period
Risques et impactsLinked risks and impacts
October 2016 – CERDD / Hauts-de-France Climate Observatory - Diapositive 14
Economic impacts of
floods
Increasing surfaces may
be refunded, knowing that
50 % of the municipalities
already have been
(exposure)
Economic impact of each
flood event may increase too
(strength)
23 : Number of municipalities refunded between
2 and 276 M€ for sinister floods in Nord-Pas de Calais (mudslides, marine floods, increased by phreatic water raisings)
TOP 6 (5M€->276 M€)
Abancourt
Villeneuve-d'Ascq
Bantigny
Lille
Allouagne
Blendecques
Linked risks and impacts
October 2016 – CERDD / Hauts-de-France Climate Observatory - Diapositive 15
Agenda
1. Why and how to build an observatory
with climate extended scopes ?
2. Focus on climatic data and indirect GHG
emissions at local level
a. Climatic data
b. Indirect GHG emissions
October 2016 – CERDD / Hauts-de-France Climate Observatory - Diapositive 16
Facts : Global warming is a global issue
Energy = 90% of direct GHG emissions in NPDC region
In developped countries :
• a large part of energy is imported:
• Fossil fuels, electricity
• Raw materials or domestic goods (embodied energy)
• embodied energy emissions > direct emissions
• Tendency : direct emissions embodied energy emissions
To appraise indirect emissions, we need to appraise embodied energy
Why considering « indirect GHG emissions » ?
October 2016 – CERDD / Hauts-de-France Climate Observatory - Diapositive 17
Source: SOeS – CO2 and France economic activity (2010)
Direct emissions(interior local supply)
Direct emissions(interior local supply)
Exportation
related emissio
ns
Importation related
emissions12 t eq CO2 / inhab.
Emissions including
embodiedenergy
Direct emissions
8,7 t eq CO2 / inhab.
(In millions Teq
CO2)
Emissions
including
embodied
energy
Direct
emissions
Importatio
n related
emissions
Exportation
related
emissions= -+
Why considering « indirect GHG emissions » ?
October 2016 – CERDD / Hauts-de-France Climate Observatory - Diapositive 18
GHG inventories are currently made at the local authorities’ level
Globalisation of GHG emissions and public policies carried out to limit GHG emissions may lead to economic activities relocation
Carbon footprint (embodied energy) vs Cadastral approach
Imported embodied energy can’t be neglected : roughly 45% of a territory emissions
Why considering « indirect GHG emissions » ?
October 2016 – CERDD / Hauts-de-France Climate Observatory - Diapositive 19
In « Grand Douaisis » (residential, few industries, agricultural place)
Emissions
including
embodied
energy
Direct
emissions
Direct emissions (usual approach) vs.
emissions including embodied energy
Residential
Transportation
Food
Services
Construction
works
Domestic goods
Example of results
October 2016 – CERDD / Hauts-de-France Climate Observatory - Diapositive 20
In Dunkerque Grand Littoral (highly steel industrial place)
Emissions
including
embodied
energy
Direct
emissions
Direct emissions (usual approach) vs.
emissions including embodied energy
Residential
Transportation
Domestic goods
Food
Services
Construction works
Example of results
October 2016 – CERDD / Hauts-de-France Climate Observatory - Diapositive 21
Methodology is still under improvement :
Question of the « local modulation », to calculate raw materials and goods flux (€ and tons)
Support short distribution networks for domestic goods and food
Support « circular economy », « functionnal economy »…
Support industries relocation, to bring them back close to theirdistribution close to the final consumer
Perspectives
A free and easing going tool (3 working days):Shared on our website, with step by step guide, excel tool and detailed methodology -> search « ESPASS » on www.observatoire-climat-npdc.org
October 2016 – CERDD / Hauts-de-France Climate Observatory - Diapositive 22
Thank you !
Pôle et Observatoire Climat / CERDD +33 (0)3 21 13 52 97
www.cerdd.org
www.observatoire-climat-npdc.org