Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
1
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF HYDROXYL BENZOPHENONE DERIVED METAL COMPLEXES AS ANTIDIABETIC AGENTS
RanjaniRao**, Gagan Patel**, Prof. Orthbert Pinto** and Dr. Asha M.S** Department of chemistry, St. Philomena’s College,
Mysore-570015
ABSTRACT:
The M(II) complexes derived from hydroxyl benzophenone and o-phenylenediamine
have been synthesised. All the compounds were characterized by elemental analysis,
1H NMR, FT-IR, UV-visible, Mass spectroscopy, molar conductometry, magnetic
susceptibility and thermal analysis study. The FT-IR spectral study reveals that the
ligand behaves as a dibasic tetradentate ligand with N2O2 donor atoms sequence
towards central metal ion. The physico-chemical study reveals octahedral geometry
for the complexes. The results show the formation of 2:1(ligand: metal chloride)
complexes with amine and screened for anti-diabetic activity.
INTRODUCTION:
During the past two decades, considerable
attention has been paid to the chemistry of
metal complexes containing nitrogen and other
donor1. The tetradentate Schiff base complexes
are well known to form stable complexes,
where coordination takes place through the
N2O2 donor set2-4. N, O- bidentate and N2O2 -
tetradentate ligands (soft and hard donor)
possess many, advantages such as facile
approach, relative tolerance, readily adjusted
ancillary ligands, and tunable steric and
electronic coordination environments on the
metal center5. This may be attributed to their
potential application in many fields such as
oxidation catalysis6 and electrochemistry7.
Transition metals are involved in many
biological processes which are essential to life
process. The metals can coordinate with O- or
N-terminals from proteins in a variety of
models and play a crucial role in the
conformation and function of biological
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
2
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
macromolecules8, 9. This paper reports the
synthesis, characterization, thermal and
biological studies of metal(II) complexes
derived from the reaction of hydroxyl
benzophenone and o-phenylenediamine in
alcohol.Diabetes mellitus (DM), which
develops many secondary complications such
as atherosclerosis, microangiopathy, renal
dysfunction and failure, cardiac abnormality,
diabetes retinopathy and ocular disorders, is
classified as either insulin-dependent type 1 or
non-insulin-dependent type 2, according to the
definition of WHO. Although several types of
insulin preparations for type 1 DM and those
of synthetic drugs for type 2 DM have been
developed and clinically used, they have
several problems such as physical and mental
pain due to daily insulin injections and defects
involving side effects, respectively. Over
thousands of years, people have produced
many types of inorganic compounds, and the
modern concept of chemotherapy was
achieved by Ehrlich, who used an arsenic-
containing compound to treat syphilis. In the
21st century, a new class of pharmaceuticals
should be introduced. For this reason,
metallopharmaceutical compounds containing
vanadium and zinc ions are expected to treat
both types of DM, by making effective use of
unique characteristics of the metals. Focusing
on the preparations and coordination structures
of the complexes and in vitro and in vivo
evaluations as well as the possible mechanism.
Since then, many metallopharmaceutics have
been developed worldwide. This review will
be helpful to researchers who are interested in
the current states of anti-diabetic metal
complexes.
CHEMISTRY
Materials and Methods:
All the chemicals used in the preparation of
Schiff base and its metal complexes were of
AR grade. A Perkin-Elmer CHN analyzer
(model 2400) was used for C, H and N
analyses.. The electronic absorption spectra of
the complexes were recorded as dilute
solutions on a Shimadzu 160A/240A UV-
visible spectrophotometer. The 1H NMR
spectra were recorded using Bruker DRX 400
spectrometer at 400 MHz with TMS as the
internal standard. Mass spectra were obtained
with a VG70-70H spectrophotometer. The
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
3
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
infrared spectra of the solid samples were
recorded in the range 4000-500 cm-1 on a
Perkin-Elmer 597/1650 spectrophotometer
using KBr pellets.
METHODOLOGY:
A mixture of o-phenylenediamine (iii) and
substituted hydroxybenzophenone (ii) in 1:2
molar ratio in methanol was refluxed with
constant stirring. This condensation reaction
was carried by using 3 drops of acetic acid for
5 hours. The formed water was removed from
the reaction mixture by using sodium sulphate
as dehydrating agent. After completion of the
reaction, the mixture was reduced to half of its
original volume and kept aside at room
temperature. The white precipitate (iv) was
formed on slow evaporation.
iv: Yield 85%; M.p. 167oC; IR (Nujol): (C=N)
1665, (O-H) 3505 cm-1, 1H NMR (DMSO): �
6.9-8.1 (m, 20H, Ar-H), 10.7 (bs, 2H, -OH
phenolic). MS: m/z 536Anal.Calcd.for
C32H22Cl2N2O2: C, 71.51; H, 4.13; N, 5.21.
Found: C, 71.63; H, 4.22; N, 5.62%.
A solution of ligand (iv) and cobalt(II)
chloride hexa hydrate in 1:1 molar ratio in
ethanol was refluxed for 6 hours. The resulting
solution was reduced to half of its volume and
kept aside. On standing, the obtained solid
product was filtered off and washed with water
and ethanol.
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
4
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
All the complexes vM1-M5 are colored, stable
at room temperature, soluble in DMSO and
melt with decomposition above 250°C.
Therefore the ligands and their complexes
were characterized on the basis of elemental
analysis, 1H NMR, IR, magnetic susceptibility
measurement, electronic spectra data, melting
point, partial elemental analyses and molar
conductivities.Benzophenone derivatives
showed inhibition for alpha glucosidase. The
inhibition was measured by IC50 value
calculation. The compound V-M5 showed
maximum inhibition at a concentration of
6.4µg/ml
BIOLOGY: Antidiabetic Activity:Some of the reported antidiabetic metal complexes are
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
5
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
The activity was performed using assay
mixture of 5μl of enzyme alpha-glucosidase,
50μl of substrate p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-
glycopyranoside and 10μg concentrations of
different inhibitors were taken in test tubes and
they were incubated for 30mins at 30°c.Then,
the volume was made upto 1ml using
phosphate buffer(0.1M,pH7). A tube
containing only the enzyme and substrate was
used as the control. The absorbance was
measured at 405nm. Inhibitory activity was
calculated by,
Inhibition(%)=Absorbance of the control-
Absorbance of the sample/ Absorbance of
the control× 100
COMPOUNDS IC50 value (µg/ml)
iv Ligand 7.7
V-M1 Co(II) 7.1
V-M2 Ni(II) 8
V-M3 Cd(II) 8.6
V-M4 Cu(II) 8.1
V-M5 Ag(I) 6.4
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
6
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, we have achieved efficient
method for the preparations of Schiff bases
and evaluated antidiabetic activity. Some of
the compounds exhibit minimum inhibition
and compound VM5 prove to be important
antidiabetic agent.
REFERENCES
1. K. Y. ,A.Mayer , K.K.Cheung , Inorg, Chem, Acta. 1999, 285:223-232.
2. A.A.A. Emara, B.A. El-Sayed, et al. SpectrochimicaActaA 2008, 69 , 757–769.
3. H. Keypour, M. Shayesteh, et al. Molecu. Stru.2013,1032, 62.
4. A.A. El-Sherif, M.R. Shehata, et al. SpectrochimicaActa A.2012, 96, 889.
5. Mei Wang, Hongjun Zhu, et al. J. Catal.2003, 220, 392-398.
6. S. S. Djebbar , B. O Benanli, et al. Trans.Met. 1998, 23, 443-447.
7. Y. J. Hamada , Electron Transition. 1997 , 44 , 1208.
8. E. Colacio, M. Ghazi, et al. Inorg.Chem. 2000, 39, 2882.
9. A. Karaliota, O. Kresti, et al. J. Inorg. Biochem.2001, 84, 33.
10. Asha M S, Bushra Begum A, et al. International Journal of Medicine and
pharmaceuticalSciences. 2014,4, 3, 41-52.
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
7
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
Prediction of Student’s Future Interest Using Educational Data Mining.
*Sayyeda Noor Javeria & **Manasa K N Department of Computer Science, St.philomena’s College, Mysore.
[email protected] [email protected]
Abstract: Data mining methodology helps to extract the hidden knowledge and information
which have been inherited in the data used. Educational Data Mining (EDM) is concerned
with mounting methods to determine facts from data, especially unknown knowledge-driven
pattern from educational repository in order to highlight the strength and weaknesses of the
student. Students Future prediction is important because it help students to reach their goal,
helps to choose a better carrier. This paper proposes a system which can categorize the
students into grade order to predict their future Interest. By conducting aptitude test every
week and by calculating the result, systems predict the interest and notification will be send
to the parents. In all their education studies it helps to improve ‘students’ performance.
Proposed System uses Educational Data Mining techniques to improve ‘students’
performance and predict their future interest. For predicting the student interest we are
using data mining concepts like classification.
Keyword: Educational Data Mining (EDM), Classification, Prediction.
Introduction
Education sector has a lot of data in the
form of student information. An
educational institution needs to have an
approximate prior knowledge of enrolled
students to predict their performance in
future academics. This helps them to
identify promising students and also
provides them an opportunity to pay
attention to and improve those who has
interest in a particular subject.
Application of computers on this data can
extract valuable information to provide
quality education. Quality education does
not mean high level of knowledge
produced. But it means that education is
produced to students in efficient manner so
that they learn without any problem. For
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
8
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
this purpose quality education includes
features like: methodology of teaching,
continuous evaluation, categorization of
student into similar type, so that students
have similar objectives, educational
background etc. Educational Data Mining
helps to find the hidden information,
where as in proposed system EDM helps
to find the hidden talent of the student.
EDM helps to highlight the good
performance of the student.
Proposed System can identify student
performance in each subject suggesting
them and to their family regarding his/her
more interested subject and suggestion
related to respective areas of work, test at
risk students and to develop a predictive
model to predict student academic
performance in educational institutions,
which helps to predict their future results.
The proposed system consists of two
functionalities, this system suggest
student’s based on their interest in subject
so that student can think about future areas
of working easily.
Literature Review
Studies so far shows that Automated
Speed Governor is gaining much more
attention Abeer Badr El Din Ahmed et
al. [1] proposed system which explains
decision tree method is used on student's
database to predict the student's
performance on the basis of student's
database. They use some attribute were
collected from the student's database to
predict the final grade of student's. This
study will help the student's to improve the
student's performance, to identify those
students which needed special attention to
reduce failing ration and taking
appropriate action at right time.
Komal Jirage1et.al [2] proposed system
that has data clustering technique named
k-means clustering is applied to analyze
student’s learning behavior. The student’s
evaluation factor like class quizzes, mid
and final exam assignment are studied. It
is recommended that all these correlated
information should be conveyed to the
class adviser before the conduction of final
exam. This study will help the teachers to
reduce the drop out ratio to a significant
level and improve the performance of
student. This work may improve student’s
performance; reduce failing ratio by taking
appropriate steps at right time to improve
the quality of education.
Amjad Abu Saa [3] proposed system here
multiple data mining tasks were used to
create qualitative predictive models which
were efficiently and effectively able to
predict the students’ grades from a
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
9
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
collected training dataset. A survey was
constructed that has targeted university
students and collected multiple personal
and academic data related to them. The
collected dataset was preprocessed and
explored to become appropriate for the
data mining tasks. Third, the
implementation of data mining tasks was
presented on the dataset in hand to
generate classification models and testing
them. Then interesting results were drawn
from the classification models, as well as,
interesting patterns in the Naïve Bayes
model was found. it was slightly found
that the student’s performance is not
totally dependent on their academic
efforts, in spite, there are many other
factors that have equal to greater
influences as well.
Methodology
Data mining is the process of discovering
interesting knowledge, such as
associations, patterns, changes, significant
structures and anomalies, from large
amounts of data stored in databases.
Classification is a data mining technique
that maps data into predefined groups or
classes. It is a supervised learning method
which requires labeled training data to
generate rules for classifying test data into
predetermined groups or classes.
Clustering technique is the task of
segmenting and arranging a diverse group
into a number of identical subgroups or
clusters. Clustering of data is a technique
in which we form clusters of object that
are same in function and characteristics.
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
Proposed system has, admin who will add
both students and faculties of the school
.faculty is the one who will conduct a test
.students attend the test and get results.
Based on the result faculty predict the
student’s future interest and admin is the one
who will send the results to the parents.
Module Description
Student Module:
� Student register: Registration with basic details for student account.��
� Student Login: Login with valid username and password.��
� View performance: Student can view his/her performance based on test marks.����Faculty module:
� Faculty register: registration with basic details for faculty account.��
� Faculty login: login with valid user name and password.��
� View result and predict: faculty can view the result and predict.�
Admin Module:
� Admin Login: login with valid username and password.��
� Fill Student and faculty Details: Insert proper details of student and faculty of registered.��
� Send predicted result: marks and predicted
result details of student will be send to the
parents.�
Conclusion and Future Enhancement
The proposed system helps students to learn
more about their interested subject also helps
parents to decide their children’s future
interest. It helps more to the faculty
members that they can give more
concentration on each student based on their
interest .This application can predict in
which particular subject the students are
good.
As a future enhancement they can develop an android application for this in which parents can use it.
References
[1
Abeer Badr El Din Ahmed, Ibrahim Sayed Elaraby “Data Mining: A prediction for
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
]
Student's Performance Using Classification Method”, World Journal of Computer
Application and Technology 2(2): 43-47, 2014 http://www.hrpub.org DOI:
10.13189/wjcat.2014.020203.
[2] Komal Jirage1, Rucha Choudhari2, Varsha Gupta3, Anil Patthe4 and Disha Maind5
“Student Performance Analysis Based on Learning”,International journal for research in
emerging science and technology, volume-2, issue-3, march-2015.
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
Intelligent Vehicle T³ System
*Vishwas M S, **Manasa K N & ***Wasim Ali PG Department of Computer Science
St.Philomena’s College, Mysore ***Research Scholar, Department of MCA, VTU-RC, Mysore
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract The intelligent vehicle T³ system is a system which is going to collect toll, anti-theft and
track the vehicle using Raspberry Pi3 and ARM 7 microcontroller with RFID TAG, RFID TAG, LCD
screen, GSM and GPS modules. This paper proposes a System known as Intelligent Vehicle T3 which
provides two facilities: such as Automatic Tool Collection and Alert about the vehicle theft. Proposed
System uses IR sensors and RFID TAG, a unique id number which is mounted to a vehicle that will be
read by RFID reader and deduct amount automatically this will be displayed in the LCD screen and
updated to the database. System also tracks vehicle which indeed recovery vehicle if it is stolen and
it has as a slid switch which is used to send information of stolen vehicle as it passes through tool
booth so that the user can trace and track the vehicle online on website or they will receive
information through SMS. Intelligent Vehicle T3 system uses some modules like GPS, GSM and RFID
tag to perform the toll collection, anti-theft and tracking. All these features are achieved in an
economical price which is afforded and implemented easily
Keywords: Raspberry Pi3, RFID TAG, RFID READER, IR sensor, GSM and GPS
Introduction
Any vehicle in an automobile field, the
maximum and high quality of features is given
to the luxury vehicle, even the economy
vehicle deservers some features and these days
automobiles are more there are a lot of
automobiles these are sometime causing traffic.
Toll gate collection in India is operated
manually so it consumes more time, slow
process, traffic jam, and increases vehicle
operating cost, power loss due to the
continuous turning on of receiver system, so
there is need of automatic toll collection
system to overcome the problem.
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
The security provided for the vehicle is not sufficient, the general security they
provide to the economy vehicles is locking
system, few sensors and alarm system all these
can be breached and the vehicle can get stolen
so there is need of tracking system which can
track vehicle and send the location.
To overcome this problems Intelligent Vehicle
T3 system is IOT (internet of things) system.
The system component interacts through IOT
with the website, IOT help us to operate and
monitor physical device. IOT is network of the
device through which system communicates
and share data
Intelligent Vehicle T3 system is the
combination of automatic toll collection, anti-
theft and tracking. These are going to be
implemented using a Raspberry pi along with
other module included in it. Using RFID TAG
and Raspberry pi automatically collect toll
Using GPS and GSM in micro controller track
vehicle Get vehicle location from web
application and through SMS.
Nowadays most vehicle are being theft, it is
difficult to track and get back the vehicle and
there are lot of issues to deal with the police, to
avoid this consequences Intelligent Vehicle T3
system which will alert the user with the SMS
when vehicle is on(or start)
Some benefits such as while moving vehicles
Toll will be collected and no need for the
vehicle to stop and you can avoids queue at toll
booth and Saves time. It gives an additional
security to the existing system of the vehicle.
Using web application we track the vehicle.
Location is sent through GSM and can be
located using GPS, and Cost is affordable.T³
SYSTEM
Literature Review
Studies so far show that automatic tool
collection system is important and gaining
more attention. Dr. S. Hussain [1] et al.
proposed an automatic toll ticketing system
using for transportation system using MSP430
processor. In this work propose a minimal
effort and productive system called electronic
toll collection utilizing RFID modules that
consequently gathers the toll from moving
vehicles when they cross toll boot it’s pretty
old system and it is slow
Atif Ali Khan et al. [2] proposed a RFID
based toll collection system using Atmel8051
microcontroller and it uses active tag which
consumes more power from vehicle battery and
it is difficult to modify or update the system
V. Sridhar et al. [3] proposed a smart card
based toll gate automated system using 8051
microcontroller. This system describes, the
smart card removes handy cash-transaction to
eliminate traffic at toll plaza. using smart card
even consume time so it’s not that efficient in
saving time , It’s better to use upgraded version
like raspberry pi or Arduino
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
N. Poornima et al. [4] proposed an automated
toll plaza verification system for an automobile
at a check point using visual studio .net .08
software. The proposed system uses active
RFID tags, which are placed on the vehicles.
SeokJu Lee et al. [5] proposed a vehicle
tracking system using GPS/GSM/GPRS
technology and smart phone application. An in-
vehicle gadget, a server and a cell phone
application are utilized for the vehicle tracking
framework. In this work in-vehicle gadget is
made out of a microcontroller Atmega328 and
GPS/GSM/GPRS module. It uses google map
which most of the time it is inefficient and we
don’t three module only two module is enough
(GSM and GPS) to show a vehicle area on
google maps.
Pradeep V Mistary et al. [6] proposed a real
time vehicle tracking system based on ARM7
GPS and GSM technology. This system shows
a vehicle tracking system to track the correct
area of moving or stationary vehicle in real
time. This system is a combination of hardware
module and programming module.
Sanchit Bhargava et al. [7] proposed a
Vehicle Tracking System Using “GPS” And
“Google Maps”. It only track the vehicle
doesn’t give any alert when a vehicle is stolen
or some try to breach .Google maps are not
always accurate
Methodology
Figure 1.1: System Architecture
System description System architecture shown in figure consists of
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
15
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
Raspberry pi: Raspberry pi using RFID
identifies and verifies the vehicle and
interact with the database to deduct
amount and update. It stores the
information that is used to trace the
vehicle
IR SENSOR module: IR SENSOR
emits IR rays and receiver which
receives the IR rays that falls on object
and reflects back.it is used to detect
vehicle and led light switch to yellow
RFID module: RFID TAG holds a
unique id and can store information from
64bits to 1kb. System uses a passive tag
which is efficient in power saving.
Active tag needs a power supply to be
but passive tag uses the power from the
RFID tag reader (when the tag comes in
the range of reader it gets activated)
RFID reader reads the RFID tag and
interacts with database where its going
to verify and deduct amount and update
the database
TELLIGENT VEHICLE T³ S
LCD screen: It is used to display
information such has deduction of
amount and vehicle detail .it displays
two column
ARM7 microcontroller: With InSystem
programming (ISP) and inapplication
program 2.0 usb device controller CPU
clock up to 60mghz. The GPS and GPS
is integrated ,when a user request for
vehicle location through website ,it
interact with the microcontroller in
which GPS gives the location and send it
through GSM to website and to the
number of the user through SMS
GPS module: Gets the location from satellite and pass this location (longitude and latitude) to GSM
GSM module: GSM is used to send the
location via through SMS to user phone
number (that would be registered) and
send the location to the website
There are three scenario in Intelligent
Vehicle T3 system
1. Automatic toll collection
2. Track vehicle: trace and track vehicle to
get location through website or through
SMS and store the information in the
website database.
3. Anti-theft the microcontroller will send message when vehicle is switched on
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
16
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
Automatic toll collection is done using
raspberry pi including with modules IR
SENSOR, RFID TAG, RFID READER
and LCD screen. Led lights are used to
indicate vehicle detection and amount
deduction
When a vehicle pass through toll booth IR sensor detect the vehicle and the RFID reader reads the RFID tag
.raspberry pi interact with database and
LCD screen display the vehicle details
and the amount deducted. If vehicle is
not detected the LED light remains red
else if vehicle is detected the led switch
to yellow and after amount deduction it
switch to green
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
Figure 1.2: Toll Collection
Vehicle tracking and Anti-theft
Vehicle tracking is done using microcontroller with GSM and GPS component .user can send
a request locate their vehicle by logging in to website and send request the website interacts
with the microcontroller, GPS receive location from satellite sends the longitude and latitude
to GSM.
The GSM will send the location (latitude and longitude) through SMS and to website .user can
locate on the website or use the longitude and latitude received through SMS to locate in
different map tool online(or offline) it is best to use with online
Proposed system uses a sliding switch is used which going to send information to authorities
(police) about the stolen vehicle, if it pass through toll booth.
Conclusion and Future Enhancement
The proposed system collects the toll, anti-theft and track the vehicle in an efficient way and
the price to implement is economically affordable. System uses a required and sufficient
module, neither more nor less module in the system. Intelligent vehicle t³ system is efficient
and performs well. Future enhancement is to accident detection and operating vehicle
component such as switching on light, indicators and horn through your mobile.
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
References
[1] Dr. S. Asif Hussain, Sana Said AlGhawi, Muna Abdullah Al Rabbi, and Zahid Hussain.
”Automatic toll e-ticketing system for transportation systems” IEEE 3rd
MEC international conference on big data and smart city, 2016
[2] Atif Ali Khan, Adnan I. Elberjaoui Yakzan ,Maaruf Ali . IEEE 3rd
international conference on computational intelligence, communication systems and network 2011 “Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) based toll collection system”
[3] V. Sridhar and M Nagendra. International journal of advanced research in computer engineering and technology, Vol1, issue 5, July 2012 “smart card based toll gate automated system”
[4] N. Poornima, M.P.Arvindhan, R.Karthikeyan, S.Gokul Raj International Journal of Engineering Development and Research (IJEDR) 2015”Automated Toll plaza Verification System for an Automobile at a Check Point”
[5] SeokJu Lee, Girma Tewolde, Jaerock kwon. IEEE world forum of internet of things (WF-IOT) 2014 “design and implementation of vehicle tracking system using GPS/ GSM/ GPRS technology and smart phone application”
[6] Pradeep, V mistary, R .H Chile. IEEE INDICON 2015 “real time vehicle tracking system based on ARM7 GPS & GSM Technology”
[7] Sanchit Bhargava, Vishal Varshney and Vipin .VEHICLE TRACKING SYSTEM USING “GPS” And “GOOGLE MAPS” slideshare.com
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
A STUDY ON “CSR INITIATIVES OF JUBILANT BHARTIA FOUNDATION”
(Special reference to Jubilant Life Sciences, Nanjanagud)
Mr. Nagesh.M,Assistant Professor, Department of Social Work, St.Philomena’s College
(Autonmous), Mysore.
Abstract
Society’s expectation from businesses has increased in the recent times. Corporate Social Responsibility
has gained significant interest in the recent years. Corporate Social Responsibility has evolved as an
intrinsic part of today’s corporate world. . CSR not only helps the company in building its image in the
society but it also has a great impact on the society as it helps in developing the community through the
activities it undertakes, which is in a way giving back to the society what it gains from it. . The descriptive
design has been used in this study to learn more about the CSR activities of the company. It is important
to notice that practice of Corporate Social Responsibility has become one of the essential factors in
developing the community by the Business Houses. Sustainability has become the talk of the town in the
corporate world.
Key Words: CSR, Sustainability, Society, Community.
INTRODUCTION:
Society’s expectation from businesses has
increased in the recent times. In the face of
insecurity, backlash against globalization and
mistrust on large businesses, there is a
growing pressure on business leaders and their
businesses who are expected to deliver wider
societal value. This is heightened by the role
of information technology especially the
internet which provides a widespread
exposure about corporate abuses around the
world.
Corporate Social Responsibility has gained
significant interest in the recent years.
Corporate Social Responsibility has evolved
as an intrinsic part of today’s corporate world.
Corporations around the world are struggling
with a new role, which is to meet the needs of
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
the present generation without compromising
the ability of the next generations to meet
their own needs.Organizations are being
called upon to take responsibility for the ways
their operations impact societies and the
natural environment.
CSR policy functions as a built-in, self-
regulating mechanism whereby a business
monitors and ensures its active compliance
with the spirit of the law, ethical
standards, and international norms. CSR is a
process with the aim to embrace responsibility
for the company's actions and encourage a
positive impact through its activities on the
environment, consumers, employees,
communities, stakeholders and all other
members of the public sphere who may also
be considered as stakeholders. ISO 26000 is
the recognized international standard for CSR.
Public sector organizations (the United
Nations for example) adhere to the triple
bottom line (TBL).
The World Business Council for Sustainable
Development in its publication Making Good
Business Sense by Lord Holme and Richard
Watts, used the following definition –
“Corporate Social Responsibility is the
continuing commitment by business to behave
ethically and contribute to economic
development while improving the quality of
life of the workforce and their families as well
as of the local community and society at
large”.According to the EU Commission
(2002) – “CSR is a concept whereby
companies integrate social and environmental
concerns in their business operations and in
their interaction with their interaction with
their stakeholders on a voluntary basis.”
PRINCIPLES OF CSR:
Because of the uncertainty surrounding the
nature of CSR activity it is difficult to define
CSR and to be certain about any such activity.
It is therefore imperative to be able to identify
such activity and we take the view that there
are three basic principles which together
comprise all CSR activity. These are:
Sustainability, Accountability, Transparency
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:
Corporate Social Responsibility is very
advantageous as it is used as a business
strategy as it helps the organizations in
building a trust with the community and also
helps in increasing the goodwill of the
company in the society. CSR not only helps
the company in building its image in the
society but it also has a great impact on the
society as it helps in developing the
community through the activities it
undertakes, which is in a way giving back to
the society what it gains from it.
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
AIM OF THE STUDY:
The study aims at knowing the various
initiatives undertaken by Jubilant Bhartia
Foundation under their Corporate Social
Responsibility to improve the standard of
living of the beneficiaries in the society
within which they operate.
OBJECTIVES:
� To portray accurately the various
CSR activities undertaken by
Jubilant Bhartia Foundation.
� To understand the impact/effectiveness of the CSR activities on the community.
� To assess the impact of corporate
social responsibility programs as
perceived by Jubilant Bhartia
Foundation in bringing changes in
the life of the community they
operate in.
RESEARCH DESIGN:
Descriptive research involves gathering
data that describe events and then
organizes, tabulates, depicts, and describes
the data collection. The descriptive design
has been used in this study to learn more
about the CSR activities of the company.
TOOLS OF DATA COLLECTION:
Interview Schedule to get practical
exposure to know about the benefits
received by the beneficiaries. Also to know
the positive impact of the activities on the
community and the opportunities provided
to them. Secondary data to learn about the
overall details about the activities of the
foundation and to get in-depth knowledge
of the past services provided by the
foundation under its CSR initiatives.
PLACE OF STUDY:
The universe of the study includes few of
the villages ( Kallahalli, Geekahalli,
Geekahalli Hundi) that are looked after by
the Jubilant Bhartia Foundation under its
CSR initiatives undertaken by Jubilant
Lifesciences Ltd, Nanjangud.
METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION:
The researcher also had a one to one
interaction with the villagers or the
beneficiaries regarding the impact of the
CSR initiatives of the company in their
lives and also to know about their opinions
and experiences after the intervention of
JBF into their lives. This interaction was
based on an unstructured interview
schedule prepared by the researcher to gain
more insight into the activities and their
effect on the community.
DATA ANALYSIS
The researcher collected the information
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
from the villagers from the 3 villages i.e.
Kallahalli, Geekalli & Geekalli Hundi.
They were chosen randomly. The study
used informal session of interview with the
villagers to gather information regarding
the activities conducted by the Jubilant
Bhartia Foundation. The following
information was collected by the
researcher through the interview. The
information has been analyzed under the
following headings by the researcher.
EDUCATION:
Primary education is the bed block on
which a nation builds its future. Jubilant is
committed to contribute its bit in bringing
improvements in this vital sector of
education. Their policy focuses on
strengthening the existing educational
infrastructure than to create parallel
institutes for education. With this objective
JBF has initiated the Project ‘Muskaan’ in
2007 for supporting Government Primary
Schools in rural areas and work hand in
hand with the authorities to bring about
change in the society. The total number of
beneficiaries from Kallahalli, Geekalli,
Geekalli Hundi or 223 under project
Muskaan.
1. Since how many years has Jubilant Bhartia Foundation (JBF) assisted your school?
The researcher collected
information from 3 school & 2 anganwadis
regarding the number of years that JBF has
been associated with them. The researcher
got to know that JBF has been associated
with them since its initiation. The
researcher found out that JBF has been
extremely helpful in bringing up the
school’s premises & infrastructure.
2. What are the major facilities provided by JBF?
The researcher interviewed the head
masters/head mistress of the schools to
gain information regarding the major
facilities that JBF was providing them. It
was pretty evident that JBF has been
extensively working in the field of
education to provide quality education to
the children of the villages. The work done
by JBF has been very impressive & this
was expressed by the interviewees. The
major facilities that JBF provided them
were, school, library books, sanitation &
hygiene facilities, infrastructure facilities,
plantation, water facility, teaching via radio
as per the information provided by the
interviewees.
3. Are the students benefited by the facilities provided by JBF?
The researcher collected the information
from the students of 3 schools regarding
the facilities provided by JBF. As per the
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
information collected, it was seen that the
students were very happy with the benefits
especially with the library books & also the
facility under project Muskaan that
undertakes gifting one story book to the
children on their birthdays. Also the school
children showed a lot of enthusiasm
regarding the celebration of the school
annual day as they get to showcase the
talent. They are also benefited by the
classroom facilities and also the
infrastructure facility that provided by JBF.
4. Are the programs introduced by JBF effective in improving the quality of education?
As the researcher interviewed and
observed the interviewees it was seen that
the quality of education has improved
since its intervention. Also the interest of
the students in schools has increased which
is a positive effect on the students as it
decreases the dropouts among them. The
students show a lot of interest in the books
that are provided by JBF. Also the various
programs that are provided under the
Project Muskaan have increased the
interest of the children, especially
programmes such as Read India
Programme and the Joy of Reading
Programme that have inculcated in the
children the interest to read and learn.
5. Has there been an increase or
decrease in the no. of dropouts after the
intervention of JBF?
As per the data collected by the researcher,
it was seen that the rate of dropouts had
significantly gone down in the villages. All
the three schools showed no dropouts in
the present year. The heads of the school
were really proud to give out the
information that they have zero dropouts in
the school and that all the children are
showing a great deal of interest in
attending the classes. This also shows that
the quality of education has gone up by a
notch as the parents in the village are
taking more interest in sending their
children to school than making them work
or stay at home.
6. Does JBF support the students in
higher education or provides any
facilities for assisting them?
The researcher discussed with the heads of
the school and also with a few parents
regarding the support of JBF in providing
facilities for higher studies as there are
classes only till the seventh grade in all the
schools in the villages. The villagers said
that they have approached the foundation
to ask for their support to increase the
number of classes or grades upto high
school but due to the lack of amenities
such as land and infrastructure JBF has not
been able to provide them with the needs.
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
But JBF has agreed to build the
infrastructure for the schools if the
villagers can provide them with the land in
the villages.
HEALTH:
SwasthaPrahari – an initiative to reduce
infant & maternal mortality ratio;
Integrated Counselling & Testing
Centre (ICTC) for HIV/AIDS & DOTS
centre for Tuberculosis treatment.
Jubilant Bhartia Foundation (JBF) has
started initiatives such as community
health services, and SwasthyaPrahari
project with the objective of strengthening
healthcare services for the community
around manufacturing locations. Their
health camps help in keeping the
community aware of prevailing diseases.
The total number of beneficiaries from
Kallahalli, Geekalli, Geekalli Hundi are:
1. What are the facilities provided by JBF with respect to health?
Health is a major focus under the CSR
activities of JBF. The researcher gained a
lot of information regarding the health
facilities provided by JBF to the villagers.
The major facilities provided as per the
information collected from the villagers are
– general health check-ups conducted by
the doctors from JBF, medical camps
conducted for school children, subsidized
or minimal fees for the health check-ups,
free health check-ups for the villagers of
kallahalli, out- patient services exclusively
for the villagers of kallahalli in tie-up with
JSS Hospital, Mysore. It was also seen that
the pregnant women in the village were
given special facilities for their & their
baby’s health. The primary health care
centers are run by JBF in all the villages.
2. How regularly do they conduct general health check-ups?
As health is an integral part of the CSR
activities, a lot of effort is put into taking
care of the health of the community in
which Jubilant Life Sciences is operating.
The researcher collected the information
that at all the villages except kallahalli
general health check-ups are conducted
twice in a week with the PHC being open
from morning to afternoon. At kallahalli
the general health checkups are conducted
5 days a week as it falls under the
immediate vicinity of the company.
3. What are the special health campaigns conducted by JBF?
JBF conducts a variety of campaigns when
it comes to health awareness. The data
collected from the villagers tells us that the
various campaigns conducted are- eye
check-up camp, dental health camps,
campaign on maternal &child health,
general health check-up camps and also
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
HIV awareness camps. Few caps are
specially conducted for school children at
the villages.
4. Do they provide facilities with affiliation with other hospitals?
Yes. According to the information gathered
from the villagers, JBF provides out-
patient facilities in affiliation with JSS
Hospital, Mysore. But these out-patient
services are restricted to the villagers of
kallahalli because kallahalli falls under the
immediate vicinity of the company. And
the villagers need more health care
facilities as compared to other villages.
Also the expenses of the out-patient
facilities are all borne by the company.
LIVELIHOOD:
At Jubilant Bhartia Foundation, they
believe that entrepreneurship is the most
important tool not just for economic
growth but also for presenting solutions to
prevalent social problems. To improve the
employability skills of the youth, Jubilant
Bhartia Foundation, (JBF) has introduced
NayeeDisha, a vocational training
programme. Under this project, we conduct
skill development programme at JBF’s
Vocational Training Centres at different
locations aimed at helping the trainees find
‘skills for life’ on successful completion.
The training programs are provided across
a wide array of areas like mobile and
tractor repairing, stitching, retail
management, soft skill development and
beautician courses, offer the right mix of
‘class room’ and ‘hands on’ training for
optimum results. The number of
beneficiaries under this programme from
Kallahalli, Geekalli & Geekalli Hundi are:
1. What are the various livelihood
trainings provided by JBF?
As per the information collected from the
Vocational Training Centre (VTC) &
Stitching Centre the following trainings
have been provided to the youth under
livelihood programme- personality
development course & course in spoken
English, beautician course, tailoring
courses, basic computer course, electrical
course. These trainings are provided and
also placements are taken care after the
training. As per the interaction with the
students of the courses it was seen that
tailoring, beautician & the work place
skills (WPS) have the most demand among
all the courses.
2. Does JBF provide any employment
opportunities other than the training
programmes? JBF has undertaken the
provision of employment opportunities for
the youth. It has outsourced its training
facilities to a company called Labor Net
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
that undertakes the training & placements
of the youth at the VTC. As per the
information collected from the trainees at
labor net the researcher got to know that
labor net provides 100% employment
opportunities to the trainees. Labor Net is
in collaboration with companies like
Schneider electrical & Godrej that help in
providing training facilities & also provide
employment opportunities. At the Stitching
center labor net provides the trainees with
contracts from nearby companies for their
uniform stitching.
3. Do they collect any fees for the training
programmes conducted by JBF?
Yes, a certain amount of fees is
collected from the students or trainees at
the VTC. The fees amount is minimal &
feasible for the students as per the courses.
The fees structure ranges from Rs 500-750
for the courses provided at the VTC. And
also according to the economic status of
the student concession are provided to
them on the fees structure.
4. Does JBF support in any other way to support your livelihood?
As per the interview with the ladies at the
Stitching Centre the researcher got to know
that JBF had helped them organize a self
help group (SHG) so that they could
financially help themselves in times of
need. Also JBF helps the villagers to get
loans for their independent employment at
a subsidized rate of interest. Also JBF
provides employment opportunities to the
trainees & villagers at Jubilant Life
Sciences as contract labors.
FINDINGS & DISCUSSION
On the data collected by the researcher and
the analysis done on the information
collected in the above chapter, the
researcher has obtained the following
findings and has interpreted them in the
discussion in this chapter.
� It was observed that Jubilant
Bhartia Foundation has a very
active way of delivering their CSR
activities and take up the activities
very seriously.
� The CSR activities of JBF are
delivered based on the needs of the
villagers. It was seen that the major
objective of JBF is to provide good
quality of services to the
community.
� JBF also helps in creating a learning environment for trainees at the training centres.
� JBF has helped in providing better
employment opportunities to the
villagers and the youth ever since
its initiation.
� The extensive CSR activities
undertaken by JBF have helped in
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
creating a good bond with the
villagers.
� It has been a great source of
motivation to the children in terms
of their education and also has
helped in the eradication of child
labour from the vicinity.
� It has focused on the concept of
women empowerment and in doing
so has helped the women in taking
up self employment.
� A major contribution of JBF to the
village of Kallahalli has been the
installation of the water purification
system in the village to provide
them with clean and pure drinking
water facility.
� It has also undertaken activities to
promote and provide the villagers
with better sanitation and hygiene
facilities and also to create proper
awareness among them.
� It has been helpful in building up
the village infrastructure with
respect to drainage and water
facilities in the village. It has also
focused on preserving the
environment of the villages nearby
by planting trees.
CONCLUSION It is important to notice that practice of
Corporate Social Responsibility has
become one of the essential factors in
developing the community by the Business
Houses. Sustainability has become the talk
of the town in the corporate world. The
company act 2013 mandates Corporate
Social Responsibility for every
organization irrespective their structure and
size. It’s high time to think in getting
involved in CSR to have sustainable
development of the society and the Nation.
References:
EuropeanCommission, Brussels, 2011
Annual Reports of Jubilant Bharatia Foundation.
www.iso.org www.mca.gov.in /Company Act 2013
Philo Multidisciplinary Journal Vol.3 Issue. II October 2019
e- Journal ISSN NO. 2456-9828
This document was created with the Win2PDF “print to PDF” printer available at http://www.win2pdf.com
This version of Win2PDF 10 is for evaluation and non-commercial use only.
This page will not be added after purchasing Win2PDF.
http://www.win2pdf.com/purchase/