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THE CRUSADES CONTINUE
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Quick Review – Causes of the Crusades
Turks control Holy Land in 1071
Turks threaten Constantinople in the 1090s
Byzantine emperor asks Pope Urban II for help
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European Motives
Control the Holy LAND (land)
Control the HOLY Land (religion)
Protect Christianity & Christian Pilgrims
Help Byzantines
Control New Land
&
End Primogeniture
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First Crusade – 1095 - 1099 Between 5,000
and 35,000 men left on Crusade Most peasants die
on the way Stop in Germany
Peasants attack Jews Causes tension
between Christians and Jews
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First Crusade – 1095 - 1099
Christians took control of Jerusalem Knights and nobles
found unorganized Muslim army
Around 2,000
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“ Some of our men cut off the heads of their enemies; others shot them with arrows, so that they fell from the towers; others tortured them longer by casting them into the flames. Piles of heads, hands and feet were to be seen in the streets of the city. It was necessary to pick one's way over the bodies of men and horses. But these were small matters compared to what happened at the temple of Solomon, a place where religious services ware ordinarily chanted. What happened there? If I tell the truth, it will exceed your powers of belief. So let it suffice to say this much at least, that in the temple and portico of Solomon, men rode in blood up to their knees and bridle reins.”
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First Crusade – 1095 - 1099
Considered the most successful Europeans set
up kingdoms in the Holy Land
Began trading with Europe
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Second Crusade – 1147-1149
Muslims are taking back land
French and Germans decide to get land back
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Second Crusade – 1147-1149
Crusade fails Poor planning Heavy losses on
the way to the Holy Land
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Third Crusade – 1187-1192
France, England, Germany and the Holy Roman Empire go to Holy Land
Problems German king dies French king leaves
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Third Crusade – 1187-1192
Key Players Saladin
Muslim leader Known for kindness
and honor
Richard I King of England Earned the respect
of both sides as a leader
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Fourth Crusade – 1202-1204
Knights arrive in Venice in 1201 to sail to the Holy Land Knights don’t have
$$ to pay for trip Knights attack city
of Zara for payment
Sack Constantinople
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Draw Me!!
The Crusades
Causes Effects
1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.