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{ejm {d^mJ H$m ñdrH¥${V H«$‘m§H$ … àm{eg§/2014-15/2101/‘§Oyar/S>-505/757, {X. 4/2/2014
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nmR>embm :
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F {ejH$m| Ho$ gmW Amdí¶H$ ~mV| F
o Bg ñVa H$s Aܶ¶Z-AܶmnZ H$s à{H«$¶m Ho$ {bE nmR²>¶nwñVH$ EH$ ‘hËËdnyU© gmYZ h¡ & h‘ AnZo n[agaHo$ {d{^ÝZ AZw dm| VWm {dX²¶m{W©¶m| Ho$ ñd¶§ Ho$ AZw dm| H$m Cn¶moJ H$aHo$ AܶmnZ H$a gH|$, Bg Ñ{îQ> goBg nmR²>¶nwñVH$ H$s aMZm H$s JB© h¡ & Bg‘| g‘m{dîQ> H$s JB© {ZåZ{b{IV ~mVm| H$m Cn¶moJ Adí¶ H$a| &
o Iobm|, JrVm|-H$hm{Z¶m|, à˶jXe©Zm| VWm CnH«$‘m| B˶m{X H$s ghm¶Vm go J{UVr¶ g§H$ënZmAm| H$mo ñnîQ>H$a| &
o à˶jXe©Zm| H$m A{YH$-go-A{YH$ Cn¶moJ H$aHo$ J{UV {df¶ H$m AܶmnZ H$a| &o {MÌ{ZarjU Ed§ ‘ZH$m| Ho$ Cn¶moJ O¡go {d{^ÝZ CnH«$‘m| X²dmam ‘Zmoa§OH$Vm ~‹T>mE± &o {dX²¶mWu ñd¶§ H¡$go grI gH$Vo h¢, CÝh| kmV OmZH$m[a¶m| H$m Cn¶moJ H$aHo$, grIZo ‘| CZH$s {H$g àH$ma
ghm¶Vm H$s Om gH$Vr h¡, Bg Ñ{îQ>H$moU go AܶmnZ H$a| & CgHo$ {bE {MÌ, {MÌH$mS>©, g§»¶mH$mS>© VWm‘ZH$m| H$s ‘mbmE± O¡gr {d{^ÝZ {ejU gm‘J«r H$m Cn¶moJ H$a| &
o AܶmnZ H$aVo g‘¶ XeH$ H$m g‘yh ~ZmZo,> Nw>Q²>Q>m H$aZo O¡gr H¥${V¶m± à˶j Xe©Z Ho$ ê$n ‘| H$a| &o g§»¶mAm| na H$s OmZodmbr Omo‹S>-KQ>md O¡gr {H«$¶mE± ‘ZH$m|, I{‹S>¶m|, ~rOm| B˶m{X H$s ghm¶Vm go H$admE± &o gm‘mݶ ê$n ‘| à{V{XZ EH$ n¥îR> na {XE JE nmR²>¶m§e Ho$ g§X^© X²dmam Aܶ¶Z-AZw^d H$admE± &o n¥îR> na {XE JE nmR²>¶m§e Ho$ g§X^© X²dmam àíZmoËVa Ho$ ê$n ‘| {dX²¶m{W©¶m| Ho$ gmW MMm© H$a| & {ejU gm‘J«r
H$s ghm¶Vm go Aܶ¶Z H$m AZw^d H$admE± &o g§~§{YV n¥îR> na Xr JB© H¥${V Ho$ g§~§Y ‘|, {dX²¶m{W©¶m| Ho$ gmW MMm© H$a| / ñnîQ>rH$aU X| / ñnîQ> gyMZmE± X| &o n|{gb X²dmam H¥${V¶m± H$aZo Ho$ {bE {dX²¶m{W©¶m| go H$h| & H¥${V nyU© H$aZo Ho$ {bE ¶{X Amdí¶H$ hmo Vmo g‘yh
Ho$ gh^m{J¶m| Ho$ gmW MMm© H$aZo Ho$ g§~§Y ‘| gyMZm X| &o {dX²¶m{W©¶m| X²dmam H¥${V H$aVo g‘¶ à˶j g‘yhm| Ho$ nmg OmH$a {dX²¶m{W©¶m| X²dmam H$s JB© H¥${V H$m {ZarjU
H$a| & Ohm± Amdí¶H$ hmo, dhm± CZH$m ‘mJ©Xe©Z ^r H$a| &o {dX²¶m{W©¶m| X²dmam H¥${V nyU© H$aZo Ho$ ~mX à˶oH$ Ho$ H$m¶© H$m {ZarjU H$a| & MyH|$, H${‘¶m± VWm Ìw{Q>¶m±
{XImB© X|, CZHo$ ~mao ‘| MMm© H$aHo$ CZ‘| Ano{jV gwYma H$admE± &o n¥îR> na {XE JE CnH«$‘m| H$s ghm¶Vm go Aä¶mg H$admE± &o Amdí¶H$VmZwgma nyaH$ CnH«$‘/gm‘J«r H$s ghm¶Vm go Aä¶mg H$admE± &o AJbo {XZ, {nN>bo n¥îR> Ho$ nmR²>¶m§e Ho$ g§X^© ‘| àíZ nyN>H$a, nmR²>¶m§e Ho$ AmH$bZ Ho$ à{V g§VwîQ> Ed§
AmídñV hm| &o ~rM-~rM ‘| nhbo go nyU© {H$E JE nmR²>¶m§e na AmYm[aV {dMma CËVoOH$ àíZ nyN>H$a CËVa XoZo Ho$ {bE
{dX²¶m{W©¶m| H$mo ào[aV H$a| &o H${R>ZmB¶m| go g§~§{YV àíZ nyN>Zo Ho$ {bE ^r {dX²¶m{W©¶m| H$mo àoaUm X| & CZ‘| àíZ nyN>Zo H$s AmXV H$m
{dH$mg H$a| &o g§»¶mAm| Ho$ dmMZ-boIZ VWm ‘Z-hr-‘Z ‘| Omo‹S>-KQ>md H$aZo H$s j‘Vm {dH${gV H$aZo H$s Ñ{îQ> go
{Za§Va à¶ËZ H$aVo ah| &o Eogo Ñ{îQ>H$moU go à¶ËZ H$a| {H$ {Oggo A§H$m| Ho$ Kw‘mdXma AmH$f©H$ boIZ Am¡a àíZm| Ho$ hbm| Ho$ ghr
{dݶmg g§~§Yr H$m¡eb {dH${gV hm| &
n nm±M Qw>H$‹S>m|dmbm Q>¡ZJ«m‘ (nhobr) V¡¶ma H$aZo H$s {d{Y &
EH$ dJm©H$ma H$mJO bmo &
Cg H$mJO H$mo ‘mo‹S>H$a, dJ© H$m ‘ܶq~Xþ kmV H$amo & Bgr àH$ma
Mmam| H$moam|$Ho$ ‘ܶq~XþAm| na {Mh²Z ~ZmAmo & AmH¥${V ‘| {XImE AZwgma,
aoImI§S> ItMH$a, dJ© Ho$ ‘ܶq~Xþ VWm H$moam| Ho$ ‘ܶq~XþAm| H$mo {‘bmAmo &
AmH¥${V ‘| {XImE AZwgma, aoImI§S>m| na H$mQ>H$a nm±M Qw>H$‹S>o V¡¶ma H$amo &
n g§b½Z Q>¡ZJ«m‘ H$m Cn¶moJ H$aHo$, {ZåZ{b{IV àíZm| Ho$ CËVa kmV H$amo &
F Vwåhmao Q>¡ZJ«m‘ ‘| Hw$b {H$VZo {Ì^wO h¢ ?
F ³¶m g^r {Ì^wO g‘mZ h¢ ?
F ³¶m Xmo {Ì^wOm| H$mo {‘bmH$a, EH$ dJ© V¡¶ma {H$¶m Om gH$Vm h¡ ?
F ³¶m Xmo {Ì^wOm| H$mo {‘bmH$a, EH$ ~‹S>m {Ì^wO V¡¶ma hmoJm ?
F Bg Q>¡ZJ«m‘ ‘| {H$VZo dJ© h¢ ? {H$VZo MVw^w©O h¢ ?
F {MÌm| H$s q~{X¶m| H$mo {‘bmH$a, H$mJO na ItMr JB© AmH¥${V¶m± nhMmZmo & CZ‘| go {Ì^wOm| H$mo bmb a§J
‘|, dJm] H$mo Zrbo a§J ‘| VWm Am¶Vm| H$mo hao a§J ‘| a±Jmo &
- {ejH$m| Ho$ {bE : YmJo H$s ghm¶Vm go d¥ËV, Am¶V, dJ© VWm {Ì^wO O¡go AmH$ma {dX²¶m{W©¶m| go ~ZmZo Ho$ {bE H$h| & AbJ-AbJ Q>¡ZJ«m‘ àmßV H$aHo$, CZgo AbJ-AbJ AmH¥${V¶m± V¡¶ma H$aZo Ho$ {bE {dX²¶m{W©¶m| H$mo àmoËgmhZ X| &
1 23
45
1 2
5 4
3
4
F ZrMo Xr JB© gmaUr ‘|, 1 go 10 VH$ H$s g§»¶mdmbo Mm¡IQ>m| H$mo bmb a§J ‘|, 11 go 20 VH$ H$s g§»¶mdmbo Mm¡IQ>m| H$mo hao a§J ‘|, ... Bg àH$ma {d{^ÝZ a§Jm| H$m Cn¶moJ H$aHo$ g^r Mm¡IQ>m| H$mo a±Jmo &
99 19 78 45 59 80 67 98 46 47
18 82 79 8 40 39 97 5 68 26
51 4 58 88 13 75 17 95 52 16
83 81 71 34 87 1 96 38 25 27
32 77 2 76 12 63 53 60 9 37
65 10 100 14 64 24 11 94 93 36
31 72 41 55 29 54 22 35 3 48
84 30 15 6 86 23 62 61 70 69
57 66 56 73 33 89 7 42 92 49
44 85 28 74 20 50 90 91 21 43
n 26 go 99 VH$ H$s g§»¶mAm| H$m Ajam| ‘| boIZ &26 N>ã~rg 27 gËVmB©g 28 AQ²>>R>mB©g 29 CZVrg 30 Vrg31 BH$Vrg 32 ~ËVrg 33 V¢Vrg 34 Mm¢Vrg 35 n¢Vrg36 N>ËVrg 37 g¢Vrg 38 A‹S>Vrg 39 CZVmbrg 40 Mmbrg41 BH$Vmbrg 42 ~¶mbrg 43 V¢Vmbrg 44 Mdmbrg 45 n¢Vmbrg46 {N>¶mbrg 47 g¢Vmbrg 48 A‹S>Vmbrg 49 CZMmg 50 nMmg 51 B³¶mdZ 52 ~mdZ 53 {VanZ 54 Mm¡dZ 55 nMnZ56 N>ßnZ 57 gËVmdZ 58 AQ²>R>mdZ 59 CZgR> 60 gmR>61 BH$gR>> 62 ~mgR> 63 {VagR> 64 Mm¢gR> 65 n¢gR>66 {N>`mgR> 67 g‹S>gR> 68 A‹S>gR> 69 CZhËVa 70 gËVa71 BH$hËVa 72 ~hËVa 73 {VhËVa 74 Mm¡hËVa 75 nMhËVa76 {N>hËVa 77 gVhËVa 78 AR>hËVa 79 CZmgr 80 Añgr81 B³¶mgr 82 ~¶mgr 83 {Vamgr 84 Mm¡amgr 85 nMmgr86 {N>¶mgr 87 gVmgr 88 AR>mgr 89 Zdmgr 90 Zã~o91 B³¶mZdo 92 ~mZdo 93 {VamZdo 94 Mm¡amZdo 95 nMmZdo96 {N>`mZdo 97 gVmZdo 98 AR>mZdo 99 {ZݶmZdo
- {ejH$m| Ho$ {bE : {H$gr Q>mBb na g§»¶mE± {bIH$a AWdm g§»¶mH$mS>© aIH$a, CZHo$ Mmam| Amoa {dX²¶m{W©¶m| H$mo I‹S>m H$a| Am¡a g§»¶mAm| H$mo H«$‘ go ImoOZo H$m Iob IobdmE± &
g§»`mkmZ
5
{e{jH$m : Vw‘‘| go à˶oH$ H$m H$hZm ghr h¡ & à˶oH$ Zo EH$ hr g§»¶m H$mo AbJ-AbJ àH$ma go ~Vm¶m h¡ & gm¡ H$m AW© h¡ eVH$ BH$mB© ¶m Ho$db gm¡, Xg XhmB© H$m AW© h¡ gm¡, g¡H$‹S>o H$m ^r AW© h¡ gm¡ Am¡a EH$ gm¡ H$m AW© ^r h¡ gm¡ &
gmoZr Zo Bg ‘mbm Ho$ 100 ‘ZH$m| H$mo W¡br ‘| S>mb {X`m & ¶h ~Z JB© g¡H$‹S>odmbr W¡br &
Q>moZr : ¶o gm¡ Jmo{b¶m± h¢ &
gb_m : ‘¢Zo BZ My{‹S>¶m| H$mo {JZm & ¶o 10 XhmB© h¢ &
Z§Xy : ‘¢Zo EH$ gm¡ (eVH$) aZ ~ZmE &
gmoZr : ‘¢ EH$ g¡H$‹S>m AWm©V 100 g§Vao bmB© &
g¡
20 én¶m| Ho$ 5 ZmoQ> AWm©V én`o, AWm©V 1 g¡H$‹S>m én`o &
XhmB© (XeH$) Vr{b¶m± AWm©V 1 g¡H$‹S>m Vr{b¶m± &
gm¡ (eVH$) H$m n[aM¶
6
X X X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X X
g¡ g¡ g¡ g¡ g¡ g¡ g¡ g¡ g¡
g¡ g¡ g¡ g¡ g¡
g¡g¡g¡
g¡ g¡ g¡ g¡
g¡ g¡
nyU© g¡H$‹S>m (eVH$)
9 ‘ZHo$ Am¡a 1 ‘ZH$m {‘bH$a 10 ‘ZHo$ &10 dñVwAm| H$m g‘yh AWm©V EH$ XhmB© (XeH$)
X B 99 Xmo A§H$dmbr g~go ~‹S>r g§»¶m h¡ &9 9 Cg‘| 1 {‘bmZo na, VrZ A§H$dmbr g§»¶m
1 100 V¡¶ma hþB© & 1 0 0
VrZ A§H$dmbr g§»¶m 100 ‘|, XhmB© H$s ~mBª Amoa Z¶m ñWmZ g¡H$‹‹S>o H$m h¡ &100 AWm©V g¡ X B 100, VrZ A§H$dmbr g§»¶m h¡ &
1 0 0
Xm¡ gm¡ VrZ gm¡
Mma gm¡ nm±M gm¡
Zm¡ gm¡
10 XhmB© AWm©V 1 g¡H$‹S>m AWm©V EH$ gm¡ (100)
20 XhmB© AWm©V 2 g¡H$‹S>m
AWm©V Xmo gm¡ (200)
40 XhmB© AWm©V 4 g¡H$‹S>m
AWm©V Mma gm¡ (400)
50 XhmB© AWm©V 5 g¡H$‹S>m
AWm©V nm±M gm¡ (500)
7
- {ejH$m| Ho$ {bE : 100 I{‹S>¶m| H$m {S>ã~m, 10 I{‹S>¶m| H$s W¡br VWm Nw>Q²>Q>m I{‹S>¶m| H$m Cn¶moJ H$aHo$ g§»¶mE± {bIZo Ho$ {bE H$h| &
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
g¡
g¡
g¡
g¡
g¡
g¡
g¡
g¡
g¡
g¡
VrZ A§H$dmbr g§»¶mE± … n[aM¶
F Imbr Mm¡IQ>m| ‘|, g§»¶mE± Ajam| ‘| {bImo &
I{‹S>¶m (Mm°H$) g¡H$‹S>m XhmB© BH$mB©
g§»¶m $
A§H$m| ‘| boIZ
Ajam| ‘| boIZ
101 EH$ gm¡ EH
102 EH$ gm¡ Xmo
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
8
211
212
213
214
216
217
219
220
321
323
325
327
328
330
431
432
434
435
437
438
440
541
543
544
547
550
651
652
655
657
659
761
762
764
766
768
770
871
872
874
875
877
880
981
982
985
988
990
1
32123, 132, 213, 231, 312, 321
305, 350, 530, 5033
50
6
87
1
2
6
4
5
9
3
70
- {ejH$m| Ho$ {bE : Wmn H$m AW© g¡H$‹S>m, Vmbr H$m AW© XhmB©, MwQ>H$s H$m AW© BH$mB©; Eogm g‘PH$a g§»¶mE± V¡¶ma H$admE± &
101
102
103
104
105
107
109
110
10
VrZ A§H$dmbr g§»¶mE± … boIZ ({bIZm) VWm dmMZ (n‹T>>Zm) & F Mm¡IQ>m| ‘| ghr g§»¶mE± ^amo VWm g§»¶mAm| H$m dmMZ H$amo &
F {XE JE A§H$m| Ho$ g‘yh Ho$ à˶oH$ A§H$ H$m Ho$db EH$ ~ma Cn¶moJ H$aHo$ VrZ A§H$dmbr g§»¶mE± V¡¶ma H$amo &
ܶmZ aImo {H$ 035, 053 ¶o VrZ A§H$dmbr g§»¶m Zht h¢, ³¶m|{H$ h‘ ¶o g§»¶mE± Ho$db Xmo A§H$m| H$m Cn¶moJ H$aHo$ 35 VWm 53 {bI gH$Vo h¢ &
VrZ A§H$dmbr H$moB© ^r g§»¶m bmo & CgHo$ g¡H$‹S>o Ho$ ñWmZ H$m A§H$ ~XbH$a ZB© g§»¶m V¡¶ma H$amo & Cgr àH$ma, XhmB© VWm BH$mB© Ho$ ñWmZdmbo A§H$m| H$mo ^r ~XbH$a ZB© g§»¶mE± V¡¶ma H$amo &
600 650 977
- {ejH$m| Ho$ {bE : 100, 199, 300, 499, 201, 590 O¡gr g§»¶mAm| H$s AJbr VWm {nN>br g§»¶mE± ~VmZo H$m Aä¶mg H$admE± &
99 312 407
{nN>br g§»¶m, AJbr g§»¶m
F ZrMo Xr JB© g§»¶mnQ²>{Q>¶m| H$s g§»¶mAm| H$m dmMZ H$amo &
99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110
215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226
399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410
F D$na Xr JB© g§»¶mnQ²²>{Q>¶m| H$s ghm¶Vm go Mm¡IQ>m| ‘| g§b½Z AJbr g§»¶mE± {bImo &
D 105, D 220, D 409, D 219,
F D$na Xr JB© g§»¶mnQ²²>{Q>¶m| H$s ghm¶Vm go Mm¡IQ>m| ‘| g§b½Z {nN>br g§»¶mE± {bImo &
D , 400 D , 107 D , 218 D , 110
F D$na Xr JB© g§»¶mnQ²²>{Q>¶m| H$s ghm¶Vm go Mm¡IQ>m| ‘| g§b½Z {nN>br VWm g§b½Z AJbr g§»¶mE± {bImo &
D , 217 , D , 100 , D , 409 ,
F Xr JB© g§»¶m H$s g§b½Z AJbr g§»¶m, Cg g§»¶m go {H$VZr ~‹S>r hmoVr h¡ ?
F Xr JB© g§»¶m H$s g§b½Z {nN>br g§»¶m, Cg g§»¶m go {H$VZr N>moQ>r hmoVr h¡ ?
F 435 ‘| 1 {‘bmZo na AmZodmbr g§»¶m H$m¡Z-gr ?
F 435 ‘| go 1 H$‘ H$aZo na AmZodmbr g§»¶m H$m¡Z-gr ?
F Mm¡IQ>m| ‘| g§b½Z AJbr VWm g§b½Z {nN>br g§»¶mE± {bImo &
D , 119 , D , 200 , D , 391,
D , 599 , D , 800 , D , 707,
F Xr JB© g§»¶m H$s AJbr, H$moB© ^r VrZ g§»¶mE± Mm¡IQ>m| ‘| {bImo &
D 555, , , D 399, , ,
F Xr JB© g§»¶m H$s {nN>br, H$moB© ^r VrZ g§»¶mE± Mm¡IQ>m| ‘| {bImo &
D , , , 500 D , , , 601
118 120
11
YYYYY
YY
YY
YYYYY
>
27 40
"N>moQ>m-~‹S>m' hmoZo Ho$ {bE {Mh²Zm| H$m Cn¶moJ … < , >
F g§»¶mAm| H$m "N>moQ>m-~‹S>m' hmoZm {ZYm©[aV H$amo …
g§»¶mE± 8, 2 77, 59 39, 9 14, 35 67, 32
N>moQ>r g§»¶m
~‹S>r g§»¶m
n {Mh²Zm| H$m Cn¶moJ
5 > 2 H$m dmMZ : 5 ~‹S>r h¡ 2 go 2 < 5 H$m dmMZ : 2 N>moQ>r h¡ 5 go
27 < 40 H$m dmMZ : 27 N>moQ>r h¡ 40 go 91 > 49 H$m dmMZ : 91 ~‹S>r h¡ 49 go
F ZrMo {XE JE Mm¡IQ>m| ‘| >, < ‘| go ghr {Mh²Z ~ZmAmo &
10 9 9 10 5 3 3 5
50 49 49 50 23 25 73 75
500 499 499 500 500 300 600 400
Q>moZr : Xr JB© XmoZm| g§»¶mE± Xmo A§H$dmbr hm|, Vmo CZ‘| N>moQ>r-~‹S>r hmoZo H$m g§~§Y h‘ {ZYm©[aV H$a
gH$Vo h¢ na§Vw EH$ g§»¶m Xmo A§H$dmbr Am¡a EH$ g§»¶m VrZ A§H$dmbr hmo, Vmo ?
{e{jH$m : nhbo Xmo A§H$dmbr g§»¶mAm| ‘| go g~go ~‹S>r g§»¶m ~VmAmo &
Q>moZr : AmgmZ h¡ & Xmo A§H$dmbr g^r g§»¶mAm| ‘| 99 g~go ~‹S>r g§»¶m h¡ &
99 go ~‹S>r g§b½Z g§»¶m h¡ 100 & ¶h Vmo VrZ A§H$dmbr g§»¶m h¡ &
{e{jH$m : Vw‘ g‘P Vmo JE hmo Z, {H$ Xmoo A§H$dmbr H$moB© g§»¶m, 99 ¶m Cggo N>moQ>r hmoVr h¡ & AV… dh
100 goo ^r N>moQ>r hmoVr h¡ & VrZ A§H$dmbr H$moB© g§»¶m, 100 ¶m Cggo ~‹S>r hmoVr h¡ &
Q>moZr : Bg AmYma na ܶmZ ‘| AmVm h¡ {H$ VrZ A§H$dmbr g§»¶m, Xmo A§H$dmbr g§»¶m go ~‹S>r hr
hmoVr h¡ &
gb‘m : Cgr àH$ma {dMma H$a|, Vmo Xmo A§H$dmbr g§»¶m, EH$ A§H$dmbr g§»¶m go ~‹S>r hr hmoVr h¡ &
{e{jH$m : {~bHw$b R>rH$ &
12
91 49
~‹T>Vm-KQ>Vm H«$‘>
Q>moZr, gmoZr, gb‘m VWm Z§Xÿ H$mo J{UV {df¶ ‘| {ZåZmZwgma A§H$ {‘bo & Q>moZr 70, gb‘m 87, gmoZr 79, Z§Xÿ 85 BZ g^r Ho$ A§H$ ~‹T>Vo H«$‘ ‘| VWm KQ>Vo H«$‘ ‘| {bImo &> ~‹‹T>Vm> H«$‘ : 70, 79, 85, 87 KQ>Vm H«$‘ : 87, 85, 79, 70F ZrMo Xr JB© g§»¶mAm| H$mo ~‹T>Vo H«$‘ VWm KQ>Vo hþE H«$‘ ‘| {bImo &>
g§»¶mE± ~‹T>Vm> H«$_ KQ>Vm H«$_
55, 63, 40, 80
69, 9, 59, 70
14, 29, 47, 39
F g§»¶mAm| 122, 360, 325 H$mo F g§»¶mAm| 801, 617, 847, 799 H$mo ~‹T>Vo VWm KQ>Vo H«$‘ ‘| {bImo & ~‹T>Vo VWm KQ>Vo H«$‘ ‘| {bImo & g~go N>moQ>r g§»`m : 122 g~go N>moQ>r g§»`m : 617 g~go ~‹S>r g§»`m : 360 A~ ~Mr hþB© g§»¶mE± : 801, 847, 799 ~‹T>Vm> H«$_ : 122, 325, 360 BZ‘| g~go N>moQ>r g§»`m : 799 Bgo 122 < 325 < 360 Eogm ^r ~mX ‘| ~Mt : 801, 847 {bIVo h¢ & BZ‘| go N>moQ>r g§»¶m 801 VWm ~mXdmbr g§»`m 847 & KQ>Vm H«$_ : 360, 325, 122 ~‹T>Vm> H«$_ : 617, 799, 801, 847 Bgo 360 > 325 > 122 ^r KQ>Vm H«$_ : 847, 801, 799, 617 {bIVo h¢ &
F g§»¶mAm| H$m ~‹T>Vm H«$‘ VWm KQ>Vm H«$‘ &
Xr JB© g§»`mE± ~‹T>Vm> H«$‘ KQ>Vm H«$‘
217, 211, 215 211, 215, 217 217, 215, 211
500, 400, 100, 600 100, 400, 500, 600 600, 500, 400, 100
519, 419, 619 419, 519, 619 619, 519, 419
785, 757, 8, 81 8, 81, 757, 785 785, 757, 81, 8
15, 100, 81, 167 15, 81, 100, 167 167, 100, 81, 15
F ZrMo Xr JB© g§»¶mAm| H$mo ~‹T>Vo VWm KQ>Vo H«$‘ ‘| {bImo & D 117, 69, 50, 8 D 217, 271, 270 D 365, 73, 12, 116
D 912, 27, 356 D 315, 215, 515 D 527, 8, 324, 63
D 88, 78, 75 D 500, 501, 499 D 285, 407, 589, 360 D 888, 788, 688 D 105, 107, 101, 102 D 909, 990, 999
14
{XE JE A§H$m| X²dmam g~go N>moQ>r VWm g~go ~‹S>r g§»¶mE± {bIZm
{e{jH$m : A§H$m| 2, 3 VWm 5 X²dmam VrZ A§H$dmbr g§»¶mE± V¡¶ma H$amo &gmoZr : ³¶m EH$ A§H$ Ho$db EH$ ~ma hr boZm h¡ ?Q>moZr : hm± & Zht Vmo ~hþV A{YH$ g§»¶mE± V¡¶ma hm|Jr & 222, 232, 233, 323, 333, 235,
253 Eogr H$B© g§»¶mE± V¡¶ma hm|Jr &gb‘m : à˶oH$ A§H$ H$m Ho$db EH$ ~ma Cn¶moJ H$a|, Vmo Ho$db 235, 253, 325, 352, 532
VWm 523, BVZr hr g§»¶mE± V¡¶ma hm|Jr &{e{jH$m : A~ BZ g§»¶mAm| H$s VwbZm H$aHo$ N>moQ>r-~‹S>r g§»¶m {ZYm©[aV H$a|Jo &Q>moZr : BZ g§»¶mAm| ‘| go, g§»¶mAm| 532 VWm 523 Ho$ g¡H$‹S>m| Ho$ ñWmZdmbm A§H$ g~go ~‹S>m
h¡ & BZ Xmo g§»¶mAm| H$s VwbZm H$aZo na, g§»¶m 32, 23 go ~‹S>r h¡, AV… 532 > 523 & AV… A§H$m| 2, 3, VWm 5 go V¡¶ma hmoZodmbr g§»¶mAm| ‘| go g§»¶m 532 g~go ~‹S>r h¡ &
gb‘m : ¶hm± V¡¶ma hmoZodmbr g§»¶mAm| ‘| go g¡H$‹S>o Ho$ ñWmZ na A§H$ 2 dmbr g§»¶mAm| 235 VWm 253 ‘| go 35 < 53 Ho$ AmYma na 235 < 253 &
{e{jH$m : ~hþV AÀN>m !Z§Xÿ : {XE JE A§H$m| X²dmam g^r g§»¶mE± V¡¶ma Z H$aHo$, ³¶m erK«Vmnyd©H$ g~go N>moQ>r g§»¶m VWm
g~go ~‹S>r g§»¶mE± V¡¶ma H$s Om gH$Vr h¢ ?Q>moZr : hm± & g~go ~‹S>r g§»¶m Ho$ g¡H$‹S>o Ho$ ñWmZ H$m A§H$ g~go ~‹S>m hmoJm hr & ~Mr hþB© Xmo
A§H$dmbr g§»¶m V¡¶ma H$aVo g‘¶, ~‹S>r g§»¶m Ho$ {bE CZ‘| go ~‹S>m A§H$ XhmB© Ho$ ñWmZ na AmEJm &
gmoZr : AV… ~‹S>r go ~‹S>r g§»¶m V¡¶ma H$aVo g‘¶, {XE JE A§H$m| H$mo KQ>Vo H«$‘ ‘| {bIZm Mm{hE & O¡go-AnZo CXmhaU ‘| g~go ~‹S>r g§»¶m 532 hmoJr &
gb‘m : {XE JE VrZ A§H$m| X²dmam N>moQ>r go N>moQ>r g§»¶m H¡$go V¡¶ma H$aVo h¢, Bgo ‘¢ ~VmD±$ ³¶m ? g¡H$‹S>o Ho$ ñWmZ na g~go N>moQ>m A§H$ {bIZm Mm{hE & BH$mB© Ho$ ñWmZ na g~go ~‹S>m A§H$
Am¡a ~Mm hþAm A§H$ XhmB© Ho$ ñWmZ na {bIZm Mm{hE & g§jon ‘|, {XE JE A§H$m| H$mo ~‹T>Vo hþE H«$‘ ‘| {bIVo hr VrZ A§H$dmbr g~go N>moQ>r g§»¶m V¡¶ma hmoVr h¡ & O¡go, ¶hm± 235 &
gmoZr : na§Vw {XE JE A§H$m| ‘| eyݶ hmo, Vmo ³¶m Eogm hr H$aZm Mm{hE ?{e{jH$m : Zht & d¡gm H$aZo na Vmo dh VrZ A§H$dmbr g§»¶m Z hmoH$a, Xmo A§H$dmbr hmoJr & O¡go, A§H$m|
5,0,2 H$mo XoImo & g¡H$‹S>o Ho$ ñWmZ na eyݶ hmoJm Vmo 025 VWm 052 g§»¶mE± V¡¶ma hmoVr h¢ & na§Vw BÝh| 25 VWm 52 O¡¡gr Xmo A§H$dmbr g§»¶mAm| Ho$ ê$n ‘| {bIm OmVm h¡ & AV… ¶o Xmo A§H$dmbr h¢ &
Z§Xÿ : {XE JE A§H$m| ‘| 0 hmo, Vmo eyݶoVa (eyݶ H$mo N>mo‹S>H$a Aݶ) A§H$m| ‘| go N>moQ>o A§H$ H$mo g¡H$‹S>o Ho$ ñWmZ na aIZm Mm{hE &
gb‘m : eyݶ H$mo XhmB© Ho$ ñWmZ na {bIH$a, ~Mo hþE A§H$ H$mo BH$mB© Ho$ ñWmZ na {bIZm h¡ &{e{jH$m : {~bHw$b ghr & A§H$m| 5, 0, 2 go ~ZZodmbr VrZ A§H$dmbr g~go N>moQ>r g§»¶m 205 h¡ &
F {XE JE A§H$m| X²dmam VrZ A§H$dmbr g~go N>moQ>r VWm g~go ~‹S>r g§»¶mE± {bImo & D 9, 4, 6 D 7, 0, 4 D 3, 9, 5 D 8, 5, 9
15
g§»¶m H$m {dñVm[aV ê$n
{e{jH$m : 824 ‘| {H$VZm g¡H$‹S>m, {H$VZr XhmB© VWm {H$VZr BH$mB© h¢ ?
gmoZr : 824 H$m AW© h¡ 8 g¡H$‹S>m, 2 XhmB© VWm 4 BH$mB© &
Q>moZr : AV… 824 = 800 + 20 + 4 &
Z§Xÿ : na§Vw Bg {d{Y go 203 H¡$go {bI|Jo ?
gb_m : 203 = 200 + 3
{e{jH$m : ¶h ghr Vmo h¡ na§Vw 203 = 200 + 0 + 3 O¡gm {dñVm[aV ê$n A{YH$ gw{dYmOZH$ h¡,
³¶m|{H$ Bg‘| g¡H$‹S>o Ho$ ñWmZ H$m, XhmB© Ho$ ñWmZ H$m VWm BH$mB© H$m A§H$ H$m¡Z-gm h¡, ¶h
g‘P ‘| Am OmVm h¡ & Bgr àH$ma 80 H$m {dñVm[aV ê$n 80 + 0 hmoJm &
¶{X EH$ A§H$dmbr g§»¶m "9' b| Vmo Bg g§»¶m H$m {dñVm[aV ê$n "9' hr hmoVm h¡ &
F {ZåZ{b{IV g§»¶mAm| Ho$ {dñVm[aV ê$n {bImo &
D 998 D 34 D 287 D 534 D 76 D 301 D 90 D 45 D 13
{e{jH$m : {dñVm[aV ê$n {X¶m J¶m hmo Vmo ³¶m CgHo$ AmYma na g§»¶m {bIr Om gH$Vr h¡ ?
500 + 30 + 7 H$mo ܶmZ go XoImo &
gb_m : ‘¢ à¶ËZ H$aVr hÿ± &
500 + 30 + 7 = 537
{e{jH$m : ~hþV AÀN>m !
F {dñVm[aV ê$nm| Ho$ AmYma na g§»¶mE± {bImo &
D 700 + 0 + 5 D 400 + 60 + 7 D 800 + 0 + 0
D 30 + 9 D 200 + 10 + 1 D 100 + 50 + 0
D 40 + 4 D 300 + 0 + 6
ñWmZr¶ ‘mZ
{e{jH$m : 400 + 40 + 7, ¶h {H$g g§»¶m H$m {dñVm[aV ê$n h¡ ?
Z§Xÿ : AmgmZ h¡, 447 &
gb_m : ‘Zmoa§OH$ h¡ & EH$ ~ma 400 Ho$ {bE A§H$ 4 H$m Cn¶moJ {H$¶m, O~{H$ ~mX ‘| 40 Ho$ {bE
A§H$ 4 H$m hr Cn¶moJ {H$¶m J¶m h¡ &
{e{jH$m : {H$gr g§»¶m Ho$ A§H$m| H$m ñWmZ hr CgH$m ñWmZr¶ ‘mZ {ZYm©[aV H$aVm h¡, Bgo ܶmZ ‘| aImo &
g¡H$‹S>o Ho$ ñWmZdmbo 4 H$m ‘mZ 400 h¡, O~{H$ XhmB© Ho$ ñWmZdmbo 4 H$m ‘mZ 40 h¡ & BH$mB©
Ho$ ñWmZdmbo 7 H$m ‘mZ Ho$db 7 hr h¡ & {H$gr g§»¶m Ho$ A§H$m| Ho$ ñWmZ Ho$ AmYma na, CZH$m
Omo ‘mZ hmoVm h¡, Cgo Cg A§H$ H$m ñWmZr¶ ‘mZ H$hVo h¢ &
16
{e{jH$m : g§»¶m 576 ‘|, 5 H$m ñWmZr¶ ‘mZ 500 Am¡a 7 H$m ñWmZr¶ ‘mZ 70 h¡ O~{H$ 6 H$m ñWmZr¶ ‘mZ 6 Ho$ {OVZm h¡ & Bgo g‘P JE Z ? A~ Hw$N> Aݶ CXmhaU XoImo &
F ZrMo Xr JB© g§»¶mAm| Ho$ AYmoao{IV A§H$m| Ho$ ñWmZr¶ ‘mZ {bImo & 919 , 135 , 20 , 305 , 480 , 32
n g§»¶m Am¡a {dñVm[aV ê$n … EH$ à¶moJ
{e{jH$m : VrZ A§H$dmbr g§»¶m Am¡a CgHo$ {dñVm[aV ê$n H$mo àm¶mo{JH$ ê$n ‘| {XIm
gH$Vo h¢ & CgHo$ {bE ~mBª Amoa {XImE
AZwgma H$mJO H$s EH$ nQ²>Q>r boH$a, CgHo$ gmV g‘mZ ^mJ H$amo & ‘Z ‘| VrZ A§H$dmbr
EH$ g§»¶m bmo & ‘mZmo 435 & H$mJO H$s Cg nQ²>Q>r na Cg g§»¶m H$m {dñVm[aV ê$n, D$na {XImE AZwgma {bImo & ~mX ‘|, MQ>H$ ê$n ‘| {XImE JE aoImI§S>m| na, nQ²>Q>r H$mo {MÌ ‘| {XImE AZwgma ‘mo‹S>mo &
‘mo‹S>Zo Ho$ ~mX "00 +' VWm "0 +' ¶o nyU©V… T>±H$ OmE±Jo Am¡a g§»¶m 435 {XImB© XoJr & ({MÌ XoImo &)
Bg àH$ma ‘mo‹S>Zo na, nQ²>Q>r na g§»¶m Am¡a Iwbo hþE ‘mo‹S>m|dmbr nQ²>Q>r na CgH$m {dñVm[aV ê$n {XImB© XoVm h¡ &
- {ejH$m| Ho$ {bE : Bgr àH$ma ‘mo‹S>nQ²>{Q>¶m± V¡¶ma H$aHo$, VrZ A§H$dmbr {d{^ÝZ g§»¶mAm| Ho$ {dñVm[aV ê$n VWm A§H$m| Ho$ ñWmZr¶ ‘mZ {dX²¶m{W©¶m| H$mo g‘PZo H$m Adga àXmZ H$a| &
g¡ X B g¡ X B
4 4 4 6 3 9
4 600
40 ñWmZr¶ ‘mZ 30
400 9
9 3 4
ñWmZr¶ ‘mZ 900 30 4
7 0 5
ñWmZr¶ ‘mZ 700 0 5
17
g¡ g¡ g¡
g¡ g¡ g¡
g¡ g¡ g¡
g¡
X X X
X X X
X X X
X
h h g¡ X B
1 1 1
9 9 9
1
10 10 10
1 0 0 0
18
g§»¶m 1000 H$m n[aM¶
h‘ XoI MwHo$ h¢ {H$ hm{gb H$m Omo‹S> kmV H$aZo na, 99 + 1, gm¡ (100) hmoVm h¡ & A~ h‘ I‹S>m {dݶmg H$aHo$ Omo‹S> 999 + 1 àmßV H$a|Jo & 9 BH$mB© + 1 BH$mB©; 10 BH$mB© hmoVo h¢ & CZH$s EH$ XhmB© (hm{gb) ~ZVr h¡ & 9 XhmB© + 1 {‘bH$a 10 XhmB© hmoVo h¢ & CZH$m EH$ g¡H$‹S>m (hm{gb) ~ZVm h¡ & 9 g¡H$‹S>m + 1 g¡H$‹S>m {‘bH$a 10 g¡H$‹S>m hmoVo h¢ & CZ‘| go nwZ… EH$ hm{gb AmVm h¡ & CgHo$ {bE EH$ Z¶m ñWmZ V¡¶ma H$aVo h¢ & Cgo hOma H$m ñWmZ H$hVo h¢ & g§»¶m 1000 ‘|, hOma Ho$ ñWmZ na 1 Am¡a Aݶ g^r ñWmZm| na 0 h¡ & Bg g§»¶m H$m dmMZ "EH$ hOma' H$aVo h¢ &
EH$ ‘mbm ‘| 10 ‘ZHo$ & Eogr 100 ‘mbmAm| ‘| Hw$b 1000 ‘ZHo$ h¢ & AV… 100 XhmB© H$m AW© ^r 1000 hmoVm h¡ &
Q>moZr Ho$ nmg à˶oH$ 100 ‘ZHo$dmbr 3 W¡{b¶m± h¢ &
gmoZr Ho$ nmg d¡go hr 5 W¡{b¶m± h¢ & Hw$b W¡{b¶m± {H$VZr ? W¡{b¶m± &
XmoZm| Ho$ nmg H$s W¡{b¶m| ‘| Hw$b ‘ZHo$ {H$VZo ? ‘ZHo$ &
F Q>moZr Ho$ nmg 100 én¶m| Ho$ 2 ZmoQ>, 10 én¶m| H$m EH$ ZmoQ> Am¡a 1 én¶o Ho$ 5 {g³Ho$ h¢ & gmoZr Ho$ nmg 100 én¶m| H$m 1 ZmoQ>, 10 én¶m| Ho$ 3 ZmoQ> VWm 1 én¶o Ho$ 2 {g³Ho$ h¢ & XmoZm| Ho$ nmg {‘bmH$a 100 én¶m| Ho$ {H$VZo ZmoQ> h¢ ? 10 én¶m| Ho$ Hw$b {H$VZo ZmoQ> h¢ ? 1 én¶o Ho$ {H$VZo {g³Ho$ h¢ ?
F {MÌm| Ho$ AmYma na V¡¶ma {H$E JE àíZ H$m {ZarjU H$amo & CXmhaU nyU© H$amo & CgHo$ {bE BH$mB¶m| ‘| BH$mB©, XhmB¶m| ‘| XhmB© VWm g¡H$‹S>m| ‘| g¡H$‹S>m {‘bmAmo (Omo‹S>mo) & g¡ X B
1 g¡ 2 X 1 B 1 2 1
+ 2 g¡ 1 X 3 B
+ 2 1 3
F {MÌm| H$mo XoIH$a, g§»¶mE± {bImo Am¡a Omo‹S>mo & g¡ X B
g¡ X B +
+ g¡ X B
g¡ X B
Omo‹S> … hm{gba{hV
8
800
g¡ g¡ g¡
g¡ g¡
g¡ g¡
g¡
g¡
g¡ g¡
g¡ g¡ g¡
g¡
g¡ g¡
19
F ZrMo {XE Omo‹S> nyU© H$aHo$$CZH$m {ZarjU H$amo &
54 20 70 8 75 13
+ 20
+ 54
+ 8
+ 70
+ 13
+ 75
g§»¶mAm| H$m H«$‘ (ñWmZ) ~XbZo na ^r Omo‹S> dhr àmßV hmoVm h¡ &
F ZrMo {XE JE àíZm| H$mo hb H$amo &
D 376 + 2 D 403 + 64 D 125 + 144 D513 + 365
g¡ X B
3 7 6
+ 2
3 7 8
D 142 + 6 D 205 + 4 D540 + 35 D 20 + 436
F I‹S>m {dݶmg H$aHo$ Omo‹S>mo &
D 664 + 220 D 421 + 351 D 713 + 205 D 122 + 324 D 207 + 102
D 270 + 312 D 450 + 230 D 541 + 320 D 400 + 300 D 22 + 342
F Am‹S>o {dݶmg X²dmam {H$E JE {ZåZ{b{IV Omo‹S> H$m Aܶ¶Z H$amo &
F Am‹S>o {dݶmg X²dmam Omo‹S>mo & D 527 + 261 D 623 + 215 D 203 + 302
74 74
g¡ X B g¡ X B g¡ X B
4 2 1 + 3 5 1 = 7 7 2
20
X E
2 1+ 1 4
+ 3
3 8
‘m¶m Zo XþH$mZ go 2 én¶m| H$m a~‹S>, 3 én¶m| H$s nopÝgb VWm 4 én¶m| Ho$ a§JrZ I{‹S>E IarXo, Vmo dh XþH$mZXma H$mo {H$VZo én¶o XoJr ?
2 + 3 = 5 a~‹S> Ho$ 2 én¶o VWm nopÝgb Ho$ 3 én¶o {‘bmH$a 5 én¶o hmo JE & BZ 5 én¶m| ‘| I{‹S>E Ho$ 4 én¶o {‘bmZo na 9 én¶o hmoVo h¢ & AWm©V 2 + 3 + 4 = 9 AV… ‘m¶m X²dmam XþH$mZXma H$mo 9 én¶o {XE OmE±Jo &
F Ab‘mar ‘| JrVm| H$s 3 nwñVH|$, H$hmZr H$s 21 nwñVH|$ VWm {MÌm| H$s 14 nwñVH|$ h¢, Vmo Cg Ab‘mar ‘| Hw$b {H$VZr nwñVH|$ h¢ ?
21 + 14 + 3 = 38 Ab‘mar ‘| Hw$b 38 nwñVH|$ h¢ & $
B
2+ 3
+ 4
9
2 ‘| 3 {‘bm¶m, 5 Am¶m &
5 ‘| 4 {‘bm¶m, 9 Am¶m &
X B
2 1+ 1 4
+ 3
3 8
VrZ g§»¶mAm| H$m Omo‹S>
F Omo‹S>mo &
F ZrMo {XE JE àíZm| H$mo hb H$amo &
D X B D X B D X B D X B
2 5 2 1 5 0 2 5
+ 3 0
+ 1 5
+ 2
+ 1 2
+ 3 2
+ 1 2 + 3
+ 1
D 453 + 104 + 112 D 105 + 3 + 20 D 202 + 34 + 11
g¡ X B
4 5 3
+ 1 0 4 + 1 1 2
D 200 + 10 + 1 D 143 + 2 + 2 D 3 + 42 + 233
D 352 + 313 + 21 D 451 + 224 + 112 D 104 + 2 + 3
D 303 + 444 + 122 D 5 + 12 + 372 D 400 + 40 + 4
21
F {MÌ XoImo & CXmhaU H$m Aܶ¶Z H$amo & F {MÌ Ho$ AmYma na àíZ V¡¶ma H$amo VWm hb H$amo & X B X B 2 3
- 1 2
1 1
g¡ X B 2 1 3 gd©àW‘ BH$mB© ‘| go BH$mB© KQ>mE±Jo &
- 1 1 1 ~mX ‘| XhmB© ‘| go XhmB© KQ>mE±Jo &
1 0 2 A§V ‘| g¡H$‹S>m| ‘| go g¡H$‹S>m KQ>mE±Jo &
F A{OV Ho$ nmg 257 én¶o h¢ & CgZo ‘ZmoO H$mo 150 én¶o Xo {XE, Vmo A{OV Ho$ nmg {H$VZo én¶o ~Mo, Bgo ZrMo {XE JE {MÌ Ho$ AmYma na {ZYm©[aV H$amo &
F {H«$Ho$Q> Ho$ EH$ Iob ‘| B§½b¢S> Zo 245 aZ ~ZmE & ^maV X²dmam 123 aZ ~ZmE JE, Vmo B§½b¢S> Ho$ gmW ~am~ar H$aZo Ho$ {bE ^maV H$mo Am¡a {H$VZo aZ ~ZmZo n‹S>|Jo ?
B§½b¢S> Ho$ gmW ~am~ar hmoZo Ho$ {bE ^maV Ho$ 245 aZ hmoZo Mm{hE & AV… 123 Ho$ AmJo Am¡a {H$VZo aZ ~ZmZo na Hw$b 245 hmo OmE±Jo, h‘| ¶hkmV H$aZm n‹S>oJm &
AWm©V 123 + = 245 & Mm¡IQ> H$s g§»`m kmV H$aZr
n‹S>oJr & ¶h g§»`m 245 ‘| go 123 KQ>mZo na {‘boJr &
X B B Bg¡
F
g¡
g¡ X B
2 4 5- 1 2 3
1 2 2
KQ>md … hm{gba{hV
22
{ejH${Xdg Ho$ Adga na {e{jH$m H$mo XoZo Ho$ {bE ~ÀMm| Zo EH$ nwînJwÀN> V¡¶ma {H$¶m & CgHo$ {bE Q>moZr, gmoZr, gb‘m, Om°Z VWm Z§Xÿ à˶oH$ Zo 2-2 ’y$b bmE & gmoZr Zo CZ ’y$bm| H$m EH$ gw§Xa nwînJwÀN> V¡¶ma {H$`m &
{e{jH$m : A{V gw§Xa ! {H$VZm AmH$f©H$ Am¡a ~‹S>m nwînJwÀN> ~Z J¶m h¡ & ¶h nwînJwÀN> Hw$b {H$VZo ’y$bm| go ~Zm h¡ ?Q>moZr : à˶oH$ X²dmam bmE JE Xmo ’y$b, Bg àH$ma nm±M bmoJm| Ho$ {‘bmH$a Xg ’y$b hmo JE &Om°Z : à˶oH$ Ho$ 2 ’y$b, Eogo Hw$b nm±M bmoJm| Ho$ ’y$b H$m AW© h¡, 2 H$mo 5 ~ma boH$a
{H$¶m J¶m Omo‹S> & 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 10 &{e{jH$m : 2+2+2+2+2,Bgo2�5 Eogm {bIVo h¢ & 10, 2 Am¡a 5 H$m JwUZ’$b h¡ & ¶hm± ZrMo {MÌg‘yh {XE JE h¢ & AmAmo {JZ|, {H$ CZ‘| {H$VZo ’$b h¢ &
Q>moZr : EH$ H$Vma ‘| 4 Irao, Eogr Mma H$Vma| &
4 H$m 4 JwZm, AWm©V 16 Irao &
Om°Z : EH$ H$Vma ‘| Mma Am‘, Eogr 10 H$Vma| & 4 H$m Xg JwZm AWm©V 40 Am‘ &
gb‘m : EH$ H$Vma ‘| Mma A‘ê$X, Eogr VrZ H$Vma|, AWm©V 4 H$m {VJwZm 12 &
gmoZr : EH$ H$Vma ‘| 4 Zr~y, Eogr Xmo H$Vma| & 4 H$m XþJwZm AWm©V 8 Zr~y & g§»`m 4 H$mo Xmo ~ma boH$a {H$E JE
Omo‹S> H$m AW© h¡ 4 H$m XþJwZm &
JwUm H$aZm (JwUZ)
24
JwUm H$aZm (JwUZ)
D
Q>moZr gmoZr Z§Xÿ gb‘m
à˶oH$ Ho$ nmg 3 J|X, AV… Hw$b {H$VZo J|X ? 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12 3 H$mo Mma ~ma boH$a {H$¶m J¶m Omo‹S> AWm©V 3 H$m Mma JwZm & AWm©V3�4 = 12 (3 Mm¡H$ 12)
D Bgr àH$ma ZrMo {XE JE àíZm| Ho$ Mm¡IQ>m| H$mo nyU© H$amo &
à˶oH$ Q>moH$ar ‘| N>h Am‘, Vmo Eogr VrZ Q>moH$[a¶m| ‘| {H$VZo Am‘ ? 6 + 6 + 6 = N>h H$m JwZmAWm©V6� = (6 {V¶m± )
D 3 ~ÀMm| H$m EH$ g‘yh, Bg àH$ma 7 g‘yh ~ZmH$a ~ÀMo I‹S>o Wo, Vmo Hw$b {H$VZo ~ÀMo ?
3 H$m JwZm , VrZ gËVo ,3� =
F {MÌ XoImo Am¡a D$na H$s ^m±{V àíZ V¡¶ma H$aHo$ hb H$amo &
D EH$ H$mnr H$m ‘yë¶ 5 é., Eogr 9 H$m{n¶m| H$m ‘yë¶ {H$VZm ? g§»¶m 5 H$mo 9 ~ma boH$a {H$¶m J¶m Omo‹S> AWm©V 5�9& 5�9=45 & AV… 9 H$m{n¶m| H$m ‘yë¶ 45 én`o &
{e{jH$m : nhm‹S>o dmñVd ‘| H«$‘ go {H$E JE JwUZ’$b hr h¢ & CZH$m Cn¶moJ H$aHo$ h‘ AmJo ~‹S>r g§»¶mAm| H$m JwUm (JwUZ) H$aZodmbo h¢ &
h‘ 2, 3, 4, 5 Am¡a 10 Ho$ nhm‹S>o ~mob|Jo &
25
dñVw ê$n ‘| Omo‹S> Ho$ ê$n ‘|{H$VZr ~ma
{H$VZo JwZm
JwUZ H$m ê$n
Hw$b dñVwE±
2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 Xmo
nm±M ~ma
2 H$m nm±M JwZm>
2�5 10
5 + 5 ... ,
Xmo ~ma
5 H$m... JwZm ... � ...
... + ... + ... + ... + ...
...,nm±M ~ma
... H$m
... JwZm >
... � ...
....................Xg,
VrZ ~ma 10 H$m ... JwZm>
... � ... .......
....................Mma,
N>h ~ma ....... ... � ... .......
.................... ....... ....... ... � ... .......
JwUm H$aZm (JwUZ)
26
6 H$m nhm‹S>m
6, EH$ ~ma6�1=6N>h EH$‘ N>h
6, Xmo ~ma6�2=12N>h XþZr ~mah
6, VrZ ~ma6�3=18
N>h {V¶m± AR>mah
6, Mma ~ma6�4 = 24
N>h Mm¡H$ Mm¡~rg
6, nm±M ~ma6�5 = 30 N>h nMo Vrg
6, N>h ~ma6�6=36
N>h N>H$ N>ËVrg
6, gmV ~ma6�7=42
N>h gËVo ~¶mbrg
6, AmR> ~ma6�8 = 48
N>h AQ²>R>o A‹S>Vmbrg
6, Zm¡ ~ma6�9=54 N>h Zdm± Mm¡dZ
6, Xg ~ma6�10=60N>h Xhm± gmR>
27
- {ejH$m| Ho$ {bE : Xmo AbJ-AbJ nhm‹S>m| Ho$ Omo‹S> H$s ghm¶Vm go 8 VWm 9 Ho$ nhm‹S>o V¡¶ma H$admE± & ¶h ^r ܶmZ ‘| bmE± {H$ Xmo nhm‹S>m| Ho$ KQ>md H$s ghm¶Vm go ^r nhm‹S>o V¡¶ma H$a gH$Vo h¢ &
4 H$m nhm‹S>m
2 H$m nhm‹S>m
Omo‹S> 6 H$m nhm‹S>m
4 2 4 + 2 = 6 6�1=6
8 4 8 + 4 = 12 6�2=12
12 6 12 + 6 = 18 6�3=18
16 8 16 + 8 = 24 6�4 = 24
20 10 20 + 10 = 30 6�5 = 30
24 12 24 + 12 = 36 6�6=36
28 14 28 + 14 = 42 6�7=42
32 16 32 + 16 = 48 6�8 = 48
36 18 36 + 18 = 54 6�9=54
40 20 40 + 20 = 60 6�10=60
{e{jH$m : 6 H$m nhm‹S>m V¡¶ma H$aZo Ho$ {bE6 Ho$ Xmo ^mJ H$a| & O¡go-6 = 4 + 2 & A~ 4 VWm
2 Ho$ nhm‹S>o boH$a CZH$mo Omo‹S>| Am¡a 6 H$m nhm‹S>m V¡¶ma H$a| &Q>moZr : {Og àH$ma 4 VWm 2 Ho$ nhm‹S>o
go 6 H$m nhm‹S>m V¡¶ma {H$¶m OmVm h¡, Cgr àH$ma Cgo 5 VWm 1 Ho$ nhm‹S>o H$s ghm¶Vm go ^r ³¶m V¡¶ma H$a gH|$Jo ?
{e{jH$m : {H$Ýht Xmo kmV nhm‹S>m| Ho$ Omo‹S> H$s ghm¶Vm go ZdrZ nhm‹S>m V¡¶ma {H$¶m Om gH$Vm h¡ &
Q>moZr : AV… 4 VWm 3 Ho$ nhm‹S>o X²dmam 7 H$m nhm‹S>m V¡¶ma {H$¶m Om gH$Vm h¡ &
7�1= 7
7�2= 14
7�3= 21
7�4 = 28
7�5 = 35
7�6= 42
7�7= 49
7�8 = 56
7�9= 63
7�10= 70
8�1= 8
8�2= 16
8�3= 24
8�4 = 32
8�5 = 40
8�6= 48
8�7= 56
8�8 = 64
8�9= 72
8�10= 80
9�1= 9
9�2= 18
9�3= 27
9�4 = 36
9�5 = 45
9�6= 54
9�7= 63
9�8 = 72
9�9= 81
9�10= 90
7, 8 VWm 9 Ho$ nhm‹S>o
AmAmo, h‘ 6 Ho$ nhm‹S>o H$s Vah 7, 8 VWm 9 Ho$ nhm‹S>o V¡¶ma H$a| &
28
Omo‹S> H$s ghm¶Vm go nhm‹S>o
9 H$m ‘Zmoa§OH$ nhm‹S>m 9 Ho$ nhm‹So$ H$m H$m¡VwH$ ({deofVm)
{e{jH$m : ‘¢ Vw‘ bmoJm| H$mo 9 Ho$ nhm‹S>o H$m EH$ H$m¡VwH$ ~VmVr hÿ± & BH$mB© Ho$ ñWmZ na 9, 8, 7, .... H$mo 0 VH$ CbQ>o H«$‘ ‘| g§»¶mE± {bImo & CZHo$ nhbo XhmB© Ho$ ñWmZ na g§»¶mE± 0, 1, 2 .... 9 H$mo H«$‘ go {bImo & hmo J¶m 9 H$m nhm‹S>m V¡¶ma ! ¶h EH$ H$m¡VwH$ h¡ {H$ Zht !gmoZr : Aao dmh ! ‘oao ܶmZ ‘| Vmo EH$ Aݶ H$m¡VwH$ ^r Am¶m h¡ & nhm‹S>o ‘| AmZodmbr à˶oH$ g§»¶m H$s XhmB© VWm BH$mB© Ho$ ñWmZdmbo A§H$m| H$m Omo‹S> Zm¡ hr h¡ &
F ZrMo Xr JB© gmaUr ‘| 5 � 3 = 15 {XIm¶m J¶m h¡ & Imbr Mm¡IQ>m| ‘| ghr g§»¶mE± ^amo &
� 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 2 4 6 8 10
3 3 6 9
4 4 8 16
5 5 10 15 20 25
6 36
7 49
8 64
9 81
10 10 100
09
18
27
36
45
54
63
72
81
90
- {ejH$m| Ho$ {bE : à˶oH$ {dX²¶mWu H$mo 1 go 100 H$s gmaUr V¡¶ma H$aZo Ho$ {bE H$h| & à˶oH$ {dX²¶mWu H$mo H$moB© EH$ nhm‹S>m XoH$a, Cg‘| AmZodmbr g§»¶mAm| H$mo a±JZo Ho$ {bE H$h| & Bg àH$ma V¡¶ma hmoZodmbo à{Vê$n (AmH¥${V~§Y) H$m {ZarjU H$aZo Ho$ {bE H$h| &
3
5
29
5
3
F ZrMo {XE JE JwUZ (JwUm) nyU© H$amo & 3 5 7 8 6 7 � 6 � 3 � 5 � 3 � 4 � 8
F ZrMo {XE JE {MÌm| Ho$ AmYma na, JwUZ (JwUm) Ho$ àíZ V¡¶ma H$amo VWm hb H$amo &
D ZrMo {XE JE {MÌ Ho$ AmYma na V¡¶ma {H$¶m J¶m àíZ - EH$ H$Vma ‘| 6 ’y$b, Vmo Eogr 4 H$Vmam| ‘| Hw$b {H$VZo ’y$b?
EH$ H$Vma Ho$ ’y$b � Hw$b H$Vma|
Hw$b ’y$b
D
EH$ ~m°Šg ‘| J|X, Vmo ~m°³g ‘| Hw$b {H$VZo J|X ?
D
D
- {ejH$m| Ho$ {bE : EH$ A§H$dmbr Xmo g§»¶mAm| H$m Cn¶moJ H$aHo$, JwUm Ho$ àíZ V¡¶ma H$admE± Am¡a hb H$admE± &
30
6 Hw$b H$b‘� 5 EH$ H$b‘ H$m ‘yë¶
30 Hw$b én`o
JwUZ (JwUm) Ho$ {bE nhm‹S>o H$m Cn¶moJ
D qMQy> Zo AnZo OÝ‘{Xdg Ho$ {bE 5 én¶o à{V H$b‘ H$s Xa go 6 H$b‘| IarXt & Cgo XþH$mZXma H$mo {H$VZo én¶o XoZo n‹S>|Jo ?
Õ Hw$b ‘yë¶ kmV H$aZo Ho$ {bE 5 H$m nhm‹S>m, nm±M N>H$ VH$ ~mobZm n‹S>oJm & nm±M N>h Vrg AWm©V 5�6=30 Hw$b 30 én¶o XoZo n‹S>|Jo &
D EH$ H$Vma ‘| 8 nm¡Yo, Eogr 5 H$Vmam| ‘| {H$VZo nm¡Yo ? Õ H$Vma| 5, àË`oH$ H$Vma ‘| 8 nm¡¡Yo & H$s OmZodmbr {H«$`m : JwUZ & 8 Ho$ nhm‹S>o H$m Cn¶moJ H$a|Jo & 5 Hw$b H$Vma| AmR> nMo Mmbrg � 8 àË`oH$ H$Vma ‘| nm¡Yo Hw$b nm¡Yo = 40 40 Hw$b nm¡Yo
D EH$ {S>ã~o ‘| 9 bS²>Sy> & Eogo 7 {S>ã~m| ‘| {H$VZo bS²>Sy> ? H$s OmZodmbr {H«$`m : JwUZ (JwUm) 7 Hw$b {S>ã~o 9 H$m nhm‹S>m ~mob|Jo &
� 9 EH$ {S>ã~o ‘| bS²>Sy>
Zm¡ gËVo Hw$b bS²>Sy>
D EH$ gßVmh ‘| 7 {XZ, Vmo 4 gßVmhm| ‘| {H$VZo {XZ ? Õ 7 H$m nhm‹S>m ~mob|Jo & 4 Hw$b gßVmh gmV Mm¡H$
� 7 EH$ gßVmh Ho$ {XZ
Hw$b {XZ
D EH$ H$Vma ‘| 8 Q>mBb| Vmo 3 H$Vmam| ‘| {H$VZr 8 EH$ H$Vma H$s Q>mBb| 3 Hw$b H$Vma| Q>mBb| ? � 3 H$Vma| � 8 EH$ H$Vma ‘| Q>mBb|
Hw$b Q>mBb| Hw$b Q>mBb|
D EH$ A‘ê$X H$m ‘yë¶ 6 én¶o h¡ & Q>moZr, gmoZr, Z§Xÿ VWm gb‘m BZ Mmam| ‘| à˶oH$ H$mo 6 EH$ A‘ê$X H$m ‘yë¶ EH$ A‘ê$X XoZo na {H$VZo én¶o bJ|Jo ? � 4 Hw$b ~ÀMo Hw$b én¶o
31
3 5 �5 �3
JwUZ (JwUm) {H«$¶m Ho$ JwUY‘© …
3�5 = 5�3
F ZrMo {XE JE JwUZ (JwUm) nyU© H$amo Am¡a Cgna {dMma H$amo &
6�5 = 8�3= 7�6= 9�2=
5�6= 3�8 = 6�7= 2�9=
g§»¶mAm| H$m H«$‘ ~XbZo na ^r JwUZ’$b dhr AmVm h¡ &
O¡go:6�5 = 5�6;8�3=3�8;7�6=6�7;9�2=2�9
F eyݶ Ho$ JwUZ (JwUm) H$m JwUY_©
2 + 2 + 2 + 2 H$m AW© h¡ 2 �4 = 8
1 + 1 + 1 + 1 H$m AW© h¡ 1 �4 = 4
0 + 0 + 0 + 0 H$m AW© h¡ 0 �4 = 0
{H$gr ^r g§»¶m go "eyݶ' ‘| JwUm H$aZo na AWdm "eyݶ' go {H$gr ^r
g§»¶m‘|JwUmH$aZona,JwUZ’$b"eyݶ'hrAmVmh¡&0�4 = 4�0=0
F ZrMo {XE JE JwUZ (JwUm) nyU© H$amo …
2�4 = = 4 �2 7�0= =0�7 9�8 = = 8�9
7�3= =3�7 0�8 = =0�8 6�3= =3�6
n Jwʶ, JwUH$, JwUZ’$b
6 JwÊ` 5 JwÊ` {e{jH$m…JwUZ6�5 ‘|, h‘ nhbr g§»¶m � 5 JwUH$ � 6 JwUH$ 6 ‘| JwUm H$aVo h¢, dh Jwʶ Am¡a Xÿgar g§»¶m 30 JwUZ’$b 30 JwUZ’$b 5 go h‘ JwUZ (JwUm) H$aVo h¢, dh JwUH$ Am¡a àmßV CËVa 30 AWm©V JwUZ’$b h¡ & Bgr àH$ma JwUZ (JwUm) 5�6‘|,5 Jwʶ, 6 JwUH$ Am¡a 30 JwUZ’$b h¡ &
32
C M Y K33
{g³Ho$ VWm ZmoQ>
F ZrMo {XE JE ZmoQ>m| Ho$ {MÌm| H$mo XoImo & CZHo$ ‘yë¶ Mm¡IQ>m| ‘| {bImo &
Bg ZmoQ> H$m _yë` én`o h¡¡ & Bg ZmoQ> H$m _yë` én`o h¡ &
Bg {g³Ho$ H$m _yë` én`o h¡ & Bg {g³Ho$ H$m ‘yë¶ én`m h¡ &
F Imbr Mm¡IQ>m| ‘| Hw$b aH$‘ (‘yë¶) {bImo &
D én`o D
én`o
D
én`o
650
33
` 100 ` 50 ` 10 ` 10
Q>moZr : ‘oao nmg 3 ZmoQ> h¢ & CZH$m Hw$b ‘yë¶ 75 én¶o h¡ &gb‘m : ‘oao nmg ^r 75 én¶o h¢ na§Vw ‘oao nmg 5 ZmoQ> h¢ &Q>moZr : Eogm H¡$go hmo gH$Vm h¡ ? Q>moZr Ho$ nmg Ho$ ZmoQ> Bg àH$ma Ho$ h¢ &
Hw$b
én`o
Am¡a gb‘m Ho$ nmg Ho$ ZmoQ> Bg àH$ma Ho$ h¢ &
Hw$b
én`o
AWm©V XmoZm| H$m H$hZm ghr h¡ &g§Oy : ‘oao nmg 100 én¶m| H$m 1 ZmoQ>, 20 én¶m| Ho$ 4 ZmoQ> Am¡a 1 én¶o Ho$ 6 {g³Ho$ h¢, Vmo
‘oao nmg Hw$b {H$VZo én¶o h¢ ?
amOy : Vwåhmao nmg Hw$b 186 én¶o h¢ &A{ZVm : ‘oao nmg 4 ZmoQ> h¢ & CZH$m Hw$b ‘yë¶ 170 én¶o h¡, Vmo ¶o ZmoQ> H$m¡Z-go h¢ ?
F ³¶m Aݶ {H$gr AbJ àH$ma go VWm 4 ZmoQ>m| H$s ghm¶Vm go 170 én¶o {XE Om gH$Vo h¢ ?
- {ejH$m| Ho$ {bE : H$mS>m] na g§»¶mE± {bIH$a {dX²¶m{W©¶m| go ZmoQ> V¡¶ma H$aZo Ho$ {bE H$h| Am¡a CZHo$ AmYma na Iob IobdmE± &
34
_mnZ
b§~mB©
{e{jH$m Zo Z§Xÿ VWm gmoZr go ‘oO H$s b§~mB© ZmnZo Ho$ {bE H$hm &
Z§Xy : Bg ‘oO H$s b§~mB© 11 {~ËVm| Ho$ ~am~a h¡ &gmoZr : ‘oO H$s b§~mB© ‘oao 12 {~ËVm| Ho$ ~am~a h¡ &gb‘m : Vw‘ XmoZm| Zo {~ËVo go hr Zmnm, Vmo ^r XmoZm| Ho$ ‘mn ‘| A§Va ³¶m| n‹S>m ?Q>moZr : XmoZm| Ho$ {~ËVo g‘mZ h¢ ³¶m ?Z§Xÿ : ‘oam {~ËVm gmoZr Ho$ {~ËVo go ~‹S>m h¡ Bg{bE Eogm hþAm &{e{jH$m : ‘¢ EH$ hr b§~mB©dmbr H$mJO H$s Xmo nQ²>{Q>¶m± XmoZm| H$mo XoVr hÿ± & Cggo ¶h b§~mB© Zmnmo Vmo !
Z§Xÿ : ‘oO H$s b§~mB© Bg 9 nQ²>{Q>¶m| Ho$ ~am~a h¡ &gmoZr : ‘oao ZmnZo na ^r ¶h 9 nQ²>Q>r hr {‘bVr h¡ &Z§Xÿ : h‘| Xr JB© nQ²>{Q>¶m± g‘mZ b§~mB©dmbr Wt, Bg{bE b§~mB© g‘mZ hr AmB© &gb_m : AV… EH$ hr dñVw H$s b§~mB© g‘mZ gmYZm| go ‘mnZo na dh g‘mZ hmoVr h¡ &gmoZr : ¶{X ‘wPo I{‹S>¶o (Mm°H$) H$s b§~mB© ZmnZr hmo, Vmo ³¶m ¶h nQ²>Q>r Cn¶moJr hmoJr ?
¶h nQ²>Q>r Vmo I{‹S>¶o go A{YH$ b§~r h¡ &
35
{e{jH$m : h‘ H$mJO H$s Bg nQ²>Q>r H$mo ‘moo‹S> X|Jo Am¡a CgHo$ g‘mZ ^mJ H$a|Jo & Cg‘| ~Zo BZ N>moQ>o ^mJm| H$m Cn¶moJ I{‹S>¶o H$s b§~mB© ZmnZo Ho$ {bE {H$¶m Om gHo$Jm &
Q>moZr : Bg nQ²>Q>r H$mo VrZ ~ma ‘mo‹S>H$a CgHo$ 8 g‘mZ ^mJ H$a|Jo &
gb_m : Bg nQ²>Q>r Ho$ g‘rn ‘¢ I{‹S>¶m aIVr hÿ± & Bg I{‹S>¶o H$s b§~mB© nm±M N>moQ>o ^mJm| Ho$ ~am~a h¡ &Z§Xÿ : Bg nQ²>Q>r H$m Cn¶moJ H$aHo$ ³¶m àdoeX²dma Ho$ XmoZm| I§ m| Ho$ ~rM H$s Xÿar Zmn gH|$Jo ?gb_m : Zht & H$mJO H$s ¶h nQ²>Q>r ~hþV hr H$‘ b§~mB©dmbr h¡ &{e{jH$m : ‘oao nmg EH$ b§~r añgr (S>moar) h¡ & ‘mnZ Ho$ {bE CgH$m Cn¶moJ H$a|Jo &
Z§Xÿ : Bg añgr H$s ghm¶Vm go h‘ Bg àdoeX²dma Ho$ XmoZm| I§^m| Ho$ ~rM H$s Xÿar Zmn|Jo &Q>moZr : àdoeX²dma Ho$ XmoZm| I§^m| Ho$ ~rM H$s Xÿar 3 apñg¶m| Ho$ ~am~a h¡ &{e{jH$m : ~‹S>r b§~mB© ZmnZo Ho$ {bE A{YH$ b§~mB©dmbo gmYZ H$m Cn¶moJ gw{dYmOZH$ hmoVm
h¡ & H$‘ b§~mB© ZmnZo Ho$ {bE H$‘ b§~mB©dmbo gmYZ H$m Cn¶moJ H$aZm gw{dYmOZH$ hmoVm h¡ & A~ Vmo Bgo g‘P JE Z ?
36
{e{jH$m : H$n‹S>o H$s b§~mB© Mmho H$moB© ^r ì¶p³V Zmno Vmo ^r CgH$s b§~mB© g‘mZ hr hmoZr Mm{hE & Bg{bE H$n‹S>o H$s XþH$mZ ‘| à˶oH$ XþH$mZXma, H$n‹S>m ZmnZo Ho$ {bE EH$
~‹S>r ‘mnZnQ²>Q>r (‘mnZr) H$m Cn¶moJ H$aVm h¡ &
Bg nQ²>Q>r H$s b§~mB© EH$ ‘rQ>a hmoVr h¡ & b§~mB© ZmnZo H$s ‘mZH$ BH$mB© (‘mÌH$)
‘rQ>a h¡ & 1 _rQ>a Ho$ 100 g_mZ ^mJ H$aZo na àË`oH$ ^mJ EH$ g|Q>r_rQ>a H$m hmoVm h¡ &
1 _rQ>a = 100 g|Q>r_rQ>a
gb_m : BgHo$ nhbo h‘Zo àdoeX²dma Ho$ Xmo I§^m| Ho$ ~rM H$s Xÿar H$mo añgr H$s ghm¶Vm go
Zmnm Wm & Cgo A~ ‘mnZnQ²>Q>r H$s ghm¶Vm go ‘rQ>a VWm g|Q>r‘rQ>a ‘| nwZ… Zmn|Jo &
Z§Xÿ : Xmo I§^m| Ho$ ~rM H$s Xÿar 3 ‘rQ>a 80 g|Q>r‘rQ>a h¡ &
Q>moZr : ‘oao ~‹S>o ^mB© H$‘ Xÿar ZmnZo Ho$ {bE H§$nmg ~m°³g H$s N>moQ>r nQ²>Q>r H$m Cn¶moJ H$aVo h¢ &
{e{jH$m : Bg nQ²>Q>r na ~‹S>o {Mh²Zm| Ho$ nmg 1, 2, 3, 4 .... Eogm {bIm hmoVm h¡ & ¶oo g§»¶mE±
g|Q>r‘rQ>a Xem©Vr h¢ & Xmo g‘rnr {Mh²Zm| Ho$ ‘ܶ N>moQ>o-N>moQ>o {Mh²Z hmoVo h¢ & ¶o {Mh²Z
g|Q>r‘rQ>a go ^r N>moQ>r BH$mB© (‘mÌH$) Xem©Vo h¢ &
Z§Xÿ : Bg ‘mZH$ nQ²>Q>r go h‘ I{‹S>E H$s b§~mB© nwZ… Zmn|Jo &
gb_m : Bg I{‹S>E H$s b§~mB© 8 g|Q>r‘rQ>a h¡ &
37
‘wPo 5 {H$bmoJ«m‘ Johÿ± Mm{hE &
‘wPo 1 {H$bmoJ«m_ e³H$a Mm{hE &
‘wPo 2 {H$bmoJ«m_
ÁdmaXmo &
‘mnZ : dOZ (Ð춑mZ)
gmoZr : Bg J|X H$m dOZ 17 Jmo{Q>¶m± h¡ &
Z§Xÿ : Cgr J|X H$m dOZ ‘oao nmg H$s 10 Jmo{Q>¶m± hmoVm h¡ &
gb_m : Eogm H¡$goo hþAm ? EH$ hr J|X H$m dOZ AbJ-AbJ H¡$go ?Q>moZr : gmoZr X²dmam bmB© JB© Jmo{Q>¶m± N>moQ>r Wt Am¡a Z§Xÿ X²dmam bmB© JB© Jmo{Q>¶m± ~‹S>r Wt
Bg{bE Eogm hþAm hmoJm &{e{jH$m : Aao, Eogm hmoVm h¡ & Bgr{bE Vmo XþH$mZ ‘| dOZ Ho$ ‘mnZ Ho$ {bE ‘mZH$ BH$mB¶m|
dmbo ‘mn AWm©V ~mQ> hmoVo h¢ &
‘mZH$ ‘mnm| H$s ghm¶Vm go EH$ hr dñVw H$m dOZ H$moB© ^r H$ao, dh g‘mZ hr hmoVm h¡ & dOZ (Ð춑mZ) H$s ‘mZH$ BH$mB© (‘mÌH$) {H$bmoJ«m‘ h¡ &
39
Xr JB© dñVwAm| H$m dOZ 1 {H$bmoJ«m‘ go H$‘ ¶m A{YH$ h¡, BgH$m AZw‘mZ H$amo VWm XþH$mZ ‘| OmH$a BgH$s ghr Om±M H$amo &
dñVw H$m Zm‘AZw‘m{ZV dOZ 1 {H$bmoJ«m_ /
1 {H$bmoJ«m_ go H$‘ / 1 {H$bmoJ«m_ go A{YH$
‘mZH$ ‘mnZ X²dmam
Z‘H$ H$s nw{‹S>¶m
Jw‹S> H$s ~‹S>r S>br
50 {~ñHw$Q>
nm±M H$Q>moar e³H$a
Q>moZr : hbdm ~ZmZo Ho$ {bE ‘m± H$mo AmYm {H$bmoJ«m‘ e³H$a Mm{hE Wr & Ka ‘| Vmo e³H$a H$m
1 {H$bmoJ«m‘ H$m ~‹S>m nw‹S>m aIm hþAm Wm &
gb_m : {’$a Vw‘Zo ³¶m {H$¶m ?
Q>moZr : ‘¢ dh 1 {H$bmoJ«m‘ e³H$a VamOy Ho$ XmoZm| nb‹S>m| na Wmo‹S>r-Wmo‹S>r aIVm J¶m Am¡a XmoZm| nb‹S>o
g‘mZ ñVa na hmo OmE±, Eogm XoIm & Bg àH$ma EH$ {H$bmoJ«m‘ e³H$a Ho$ Xmo g‘mZ ^mJ hmo
JE & AV… à˶oH$ nb‹S>o H$s e³H$a AmYm {H$bmoJ«m‘ hmo JB© & Cgo ‘m± H$mo Xo {X¶m &
gb_m : ‘oar ‘m± H$mo Vmo AmYo {H$bmoJ«m‘ dOZdmbr dñVwE± ~hþV ~ma bJVr h¢ &
Q>moZr : ‘¢ Vwåh| AmYo {H$bmoJ«m‘ dOZdmbm ‘mn (~mQ>) V¡¶ma H$aHo$ XoVm hÿ± & VamOy Ho$ EH$ nb‹S>o
na AmYm {H$bmoJ«m‘ e³H$a aIH$a, Xÿgao nb‹S>o na CVZo hr dOZdmbo N>moQ>o-N>moQ>o nËWa
aIH$a EH$ ê$‘mb ‘| ~m±YH$a aIVm hÿ± & dh hmo J¶m AmYo {H$bmoJ«m‘ H$m ‘mn &
gb_m : BgH$m AW© ¶h h¡ {H$ Bgr àH$ma h‘ nmd {H$bmoJ««m‘ dOZdmbm ‘mn ^r V¡¶ma H$a gH$Vo h¢ &
F EH$ {H$bmoJ«m‘ Ho$ ‘mn VWm VamOy H$s ghm¶Vm go {ZåZ{b{IV dOZdmbo Mmdb/Johÿ±/Ádma Vm¡bmo &
D 2 {H$bmoJ«m_ D 5 {H$bmoJ«m_ D 3 {H$bmoJ«m_ D AmYm {H$bmoJ«m_
F Vwåhmam dOZ {H$VZm h¡, Bgo kmV H$amo & H$jm Ho$ {‘Ì Ho$ dOZ go {H$VZm H$‘/A{YH$, dh ~VmAmo &
F dOZ H$aZo ‘| Cn¶moJr {d{^ÝZ àH$ma H$s VamOwAm| H$s OmZH$mar bmo & Cn¶moJ H$aHo$ XoImo &
D H$‘mZrXma VamOy D BboŠQ´>m°{ZH$ VamOy D S>§S>rdmbm VamOy (X§S>Vwbm)
D ‘Zwî¶ H$m dOZ H$aZodmbm VamOy
40
41
_mnZ - Am¶VZ VWm Ym[aVm
¶o nmZr go ^ao hþE ~aVZ h¢ & {ZarjU X²dmam {ZYm©[aV
H$amo {H$ {H$g ~aVZ ‘| H$‘ nmZr VWm {H$g ~aVZ
‘| A{YH$ nmZr g‘mVm h¡ &
g~go A{YH$ nmZr ~mëQ>r ‘| Am¡a g~go H$‘ nmZr H$Q>moar ‘| g‘mVm h¡ &
40 {Jbmg nmZr C‹S>obZo na 10 bmoQ>o ^aH$a nmZr C‹S>obZo
¶h ~mëQ>r nyU©V… ^a JB© & na ¶h ~mëQ>r nyU©V… ^a JB© &
CVZo hr nmZr Ho$ ‘mn AbJ-AbJ h¢ ³¶m|{H$ AbJ-AbJ gmYZm| H$m Cn¶moJ {H$¶m J¶m h¡ &
~mëQ>r ‘| H$moB© ^r nmZr ^ao, CgH$m ‘mn EH$ hr hmoZm Mm{hE &
BgHo$ {bE ‘mZH$ BH$mB© (‘mÌH$) H$m Cn¶moJ H$aZm Amdí¶H$ h¡ &
¶h 1 brQ>a H$m ‘mn h¡ & XÿYdmbo Ho$ nmg ¶h ‘mn hmoVm h¡ & XÿY,
Vob O¡go ÐdnXmW© Bg ‘mn X²dmam ZmnVo h¢ &
1 brQ>a nmZrdmbr ~moVb h‘| AmgmZr go {‘b gH$Vr h¡ &
{‘Q²>Q>r H$m Vob (Ho$amogrZ ¶m KmgboQ>) ZmnZo Ho$ {bE {deof ê$n go
{MÌ ‘| {XImE JE 1 brQ>a Ho$ ‘mn H$m Cn¶moJ H$aVo h¢ &
ÐdnXmWm] H$mo ZmnZo H$s ‘mZH$ BH$mB© brQ>a h¡ &
D bmoQ>m, {S>ã~m, nVrbr O¡go AbJ-AbJ AmH$madmbo ~aVZ boH$a, ¶h AZw‘mZ H$amo {H$ Cg‘|
1 brQ>a, 1 brQ>a go H$‘ AWdm 1 brQ>a go A{YH$ nmZr g‘mVm h¡ & à˶j ê$n ‘| 1 brQ>a
Ho$ ‘mndmbr ~moVb H$m Cn¶moJ H$aHo$ Om±M H$amo &
D$na Ho$ à˶oH$ ~aVZ ‘| 3 brQ>a nmZr ^amo & ~aVZm| Ho$ AmH$ma AbJ-AbJ hmoZo Ho$ H$maU, CZH$m nmZr AbJ AmH$madmbm {XIoJm na§Vw à˶oH$ ~aVZ Ho$ nmZr H$m Am¶VZ 3 brQ>a hr hmoJm &
Bg ~mëQ>r ‘| 1 brQ>a Ho$ ‘mndmbr 5 ~moVb nmZr C‹S>obmo & BgHo$ nmZr H$m Am¶VZ 5 brQ>a h¡ &A~ XoImo {H$ ¶hr ~mëQ>r nyU©V… ^aZo Ho$ {bE Cg‘| {H$VZo brQ>a nmZr Mm{hE &Bg ~mëQ>r ‘| 12 brQ>a nmZr g‘mVm h¡ & AV… Bg ~mëQ>r H$s Ym[aVm 12 brQ>a h¡ &
K‹S>o, ~mëQ>r, nrno, h§S>o, nVrbr AWdm {H$gr ^r ~aVZ H$mo nyU©V… ^aZo Ho$ {bE {OVZm nmZr bJVm h¡, Cgo Cg ~aVZ H$s Ym[aVm H$hVo h¢ &
F nmd brQ>a Ym[aVmdmbr ~moVb bmo & Bg ‘mn H$s ghm¶Vm go, ~aVZ na {Mh²Z ~ZmH$a ZrMo {XE JE ‘mn V¡¶ma H$amo &
D Xmo brQ>a D AmYm brQ>a D S>o‹T>> brQ>a D nmd brQ>a
F {ZåZ{b{IV ~mVm| Ho$ {bE Vwåhmao Ka na bJ^J {H$VZo brQ>a nmZr H$m Cn¶moJ hmoVm h¡, Cgo ZmoQ> H$amo … D ñZmZ Ho$ {bE D ~aVZ gm\$ H$aZo Ho$ {bE D ‘w±h YmoZo Ho$ {bE D brnZo-nmoVZo Ho$ {bE D nrZo Ho$ {bE D ~mJ Ho$ {bE D ^moOZ ~ZmZo Ho$ {bE D Xg ߶mbr Mm¶ ~ZmZo Ho$ {bE D dmhZ YmoZo Ho$ {bEF nmZr H$hm±-H$hm± ì¶W© ‘| IM© hmoVm h¡, CZ ñWmZm| H$s gyMr V¡¶ma H$amo & {H$VZm nmZr ì¶W©
OmVm h¡, BgH$m AZw‘mZ H$amo Am¡a Cgo amoH$Zo Ho$ {bE Hw$N> Cnm¶ ~VmAmo &
A.H«$. ñWmZ H$m Zm‘bJ^J {H$VZo brQ>a nmZr ì¶W© OmVm h¡ ?
Cnm¶
42
F ZrMo {XE JE à{Vê$nm| H$mo ܶmZ ‘| aIH$a, Imbr Mm¡IQ>m| H$mo ghr-ghr nyU© H$amo &
1�1=1 2�2=4 3�3=9 ....... ....... 6�6=36
5 10 15 30
2 9 16 30 44
F Vw‘ ñd¶§ H$moB© EH$ à{Vê$n V¡¶ma H$amo &
44
F Q>mBbm| Ho$ nañna ‘ob X²dmam {Z{‘©V, ZrMo {XImE JE à{Vê$nm| H$m {ZarjU H$amo &
¶hm± EH$ {d{eîQ> àH$ma go Q>mBbm| H$m ‘ob {H$¶m J¶m h¡ & ܶmZ Xmo {H$ {H$Ýht Xmo Q>mBbm| Ho$ ‘ܶ Imbr ñWmZ Zht h¡ AWdm O‘rZ ¶m ’$e© H$m H$moB© ^r ^mJ CK‹S>m hþAm Zht ah J¶m h¡ &
F EH$ hr àH$ma H$s Q>mBbm| H$m Cn¶moJ H$aHo$ V¡¶ma hmoZodmbo à{Vê$nmo§ H$m {ZarjU H$amo & XoImo {H$ ³¶m BÝhr§ Q>mBbm| H$m Cn¶moJ H$aHo$ Am¡a H$moB© à{Vê$n ~Zm¶m Om gH$Vm h¡ &
F ZrMo {XE JE {MÌm| Ho$ à{Vê$nm| H$mo nyU© H$aZo Ho$ {bE H$m¡Z-gr Q>mBbm| H$m Cn¶moJ {H$¶m J¶m h¡, Cgo ܶmZ ‘| aIH$a, ghr Omo{‹S>¶m± ~ZmAmo &
- {ejH$m| Ho$ {bE : Amgnmg Ho$ n[aga ‘| Q>mBbmo§ Ho$ {d{eîQ> {dݶmg X²dmam ~Zo hþE à{Vê$nm| H$m {ZarjU H$aZo Ho$ {bE H$h| & CZH$s {deofVmAm| H$s MMm© H$a| & {H$gr IoV na OmH$a, ¶h XoIZo Ho$ {bE H$h| {H$ dhm± CJo hþE nm¡Ym| ‘| ³¶m H$moB© à{Vê$n {XImB© XoVm h¡ &
46
g‘{‘V h¡ g‘{‘V h¡ g‘{‘V Zht h¡ g‘{‘V h¡ g‘{‘V Zht h¡
F {ZYm©[aV H$amo {H$ ZrMo {XE JE {MÌ {H$gr aoIm Ho$ gmnoj g‘{‘V h¢ AWdm Zht & g‘{‘V hmoZo na [MÌ Ho$ ZrModmbo Mm¡IQ> ‘§o 3 Eogm {Mh²Z VWm Z hmoZo na 5 Eogm {Mh²Z ~ZmAmo &
F ZrMo Xr JB© à˶oH$ AmH¥${V g‘{‘V h¡, Bgo XoIZo Ho$ {bE {Og ñWmZ na ‘mo‹S>Zm n‹S>oJm, Cg ñWmZ na I§{S>V aoImI§S> ItMmo &
F ZrMo Xr JB© g‘{‘V AmH¥${V¶m| Ho$ ~ZZodmbo Xmo g‘mZ ^mJm| H$mo Xmo AbJ-AbJ a§Jm| ‘| a±Jmo &
F dJ© Ho$ AmH$madmbm EH$ H$mJO bmo & Bg H$mJO H$mo AbJ-AbJ àH$ma go ‘mo‹S>H$a g‘{‘{V H$s Om±M H$amo &
- {ejH$m§o Ho$ {bE : g‘~mhþ {Ì^wO, g‘X²{d~mhþ {Ì^wO, g‘m§Va MVw^w©O, d¥ËV O¡go AmH$madmbo H$mJO XoH$a, g‘{‘{V H$s Om±M H$aZo H$m CnH«$‘ {dX²¶m{W©¶m| go H$admE± &
{OZ àm{U¶m|, n{j¶m|, npËV¶m| VWm ’y$bm| Ho$ {MÌ g‘{‘V hmoVo h¢, Eogo {MÌm| H$m g§J«h H$admE± &
48
49
~§{YV (~§X) VWm A~§{YV (Iwbr) AmH¥${V¶m±
~§{YV (~§X) A~§{YV (Iwbm)
Hw$N> ~§{YV (~§X) AmH¥${V¶m± Hw$N> A~§{YV (Iwbr) AmH¥${V¶m±
{dMma H$amo
F ZrMo Xr JB© AmH¥${V¶m| ‘| go ~§{YV (~§X) VWm A~§{YV (Iwbr) AmH¥${V¶m± nhMmZmo &
F g§b½Z a§Jmo{b¶m| H$s ~§{YV (~§X) Am¡a A~§{YV (Iwbr) AmH¥${V¶m| H$m {ZarjU H$amo & a§Jmo{b¶m| ‘| a§J ^amo &
³¶m D$na Xr JB© AmH¥${V H$mo ñne© Z H$aZo dmbo {H$gr aoImI§S> X²dmam q~Xþ A Am¡a q~Xþ ~ H$mo nañna Omo‹S>m Om gHo$Jm ? ³¶m Cgr àH$ma q~XþAm| ~ VWm H$ H$mo ^r nañna Omo‹S> gH$Vo h¢ ?
³¶m Xr JB© AmH¥${V H$mo ñne© Z H$aZo dmbo Hw$N> aoImI§S>m| X²dmam q~Xþ n VWm q~Xþ ’$ H$mo nañna Omo‹S>m Om gHo$Jm ? Cgr {d{Y go ³¶m q~XþAm| n VWm ‘ H$mo ^r Omo‹S> gH$Vo h¢ ?
A
~H$
n
\$
_$
D M
F ZrMo {XE JE Omo‹S> nyU© H$amo &
A~ h‘ VrZ g§»¶mAm| H$m Omo‹S> H$a|Jo & {d{Y dhr h¡ &BH$mB© go àma§^ H$a|Jo & BH$mB¶m| H$m Omo‹S> 16 &16 BH$mB© H$m AW© h¡, 1 XhmB© 6 BH$mB© & XhmB© Ho$ ImZo ‘| D$na 1 {bI|Jo & BH$mB© Ho$ ImZo ‘| aoImI§S> Ho$ ZrMo 6 {bI|Jo & BH$mB© Ho$ ~mX XhmB© Ho$ ImZo Ho$ A§H$m| H$m Omo‹S> H$a|Jo & dh 17 AmVm h¡ & 10 XhmB¶m| H$m 1 g¡H$‹S>m hmoVm h¡ & dh Z¶m 1 g¡H$‹S>m, g¡H$‹S>o Ho$ ImZo ‘| D$na {bI|Jo VWm A§H$ 7 H$mo XBmB© Ho$ ImZo ‘| aoImI§S> Ho$ ZrMo {bI|Jo & A§V ‘| g¡H$‹S>odmbo Ka Ho$ A§H$m| H$mo Omo‹S>|Jo & g¡H$‹S>m| H$m Omo‹S> 4 h¡ & Bgo g¡H$‹S>odmbo ImZo ‘| aoImI§S> Ho$ ZrMo {bI|Jo & Omo‹S> Am¶m 476 &
g¡ X B
4 7 2 + 2 0 9 + 1 4 2
g¡ X B
4 3 2 + 9 4 + 5
g¡ X B
3 9 5 + 6 2 + 8 4
g¡ X B
2 5 0 + 3 4 5 + 2 4
Omo‹S>
F ZrMo {XE JE àíZm| H$mo hb H$amo &
g¡ X B g¡ X B g¡ X B g¡ X B
1 3 5 2 4 7 3 4 9 4 6 5 + 4 7 6 + 5 1 7 + 2 1 9 + 3 3 5
g¡ X B g¡ X B g¡ X B g¡ X B
3 5 6 5 4 9 7 4 2 8 5 0 + 6 5 + 1 9 + 2 8 + 6 0
n ZrMo {X¶m J¶m CXmhaU XoImo &
F àíZm| H$mo hb H$amo &
D 1 7 2 D 5 0 0 D 6 4 3 D 4 3 7 + 3 9 4 + 2 8 0 + 5 7 + 1 2 3 + 2 3 8 + 1 2 0 + 6 + 2 4 5
52
g¡ X B
1 1
2 1 7
+ 1 6 5
+ 9 4
4 7 6
F I‹S>m {dݶmg H$aHo$ Omo‹S>mo & D 235 + 146 D 346 + 129 D 536 + 236 + 19 D 749 + 128
g¡ X B
D 275 + 246 D 382 + 199 D 455 + 267 D 545 + 165
D 270 + 196 + 58 D 370 + 195 D 307 + 245 D 162 + 375
F Am‹S>m {dݶmg H$aHo$ Omo‹S>mo & (hm{gb hmo Vmo Cgo ‘Z ‘| aImo &) D 396 + 45 D 575 + 31 D 644 + 308 D 647 + 56 D 742 + 9 D 547 + 8 D 609 + 8 D 701 + 9 D 199 + 1 D 299 + 1 D 399 + 1 D 499 + 1 D 599 + 1 D 699 + 1 D 799 + 1 D 899 + 1 D 999 + 1
F Omo‹S> 100 AmE, Eogr Omo{‹S>¶m± {bImo & F Omo‹S> 120 AmE, Eogr Omo{‹S>¶m± {bImo &
- {ejH$m| Ho$ {bE : {dX²¶m{W©¶m| H$mo Omo‹S> kmV H$aZo go g§~§{YV n¶m©ßV àíZ hb H$aZo Ho$ {bE XoH$a Aä¶mg H$admE± &
53
KQ>md … hm{gbdmbm
KQ>md-hm{gbdmbm (nyd© V¡¶mar)
F
10 én¶o H$m AW© h¡ 1 én¶o Ho$ 10 {g³Ho$ &
100 én¶o H$m AW© h¡ 10 én¶m| Ho$ 10 ZmoQ> AWm©V 1 én¶o Ho$ 100 {g³Ho$ &
10 JÝZm| H$m EH$ JQ²>R>a, Bg àH$ma 10 JQ²>R>am| H$m AW© h¡ 100 JÝZo &
gmoZr : ‘oao nmg 100 én¶m| Ho$ Xmo ZmoQ> h¢ & ‘wPo Z§Xÿ H$mo 70 én¶o XoZo h¢ &
gb‘m : Vw‘ H¡$go XmoJr ?
gmoZr : ‘¢ 100 én¶m| H$m EH$ ZmoQ> Nw>Q²>Q>m H$admH$a 10 én¶m| Ho$ 10 ZmoQ> bmVr hÿ± &
Z§Xÿ : CZ‘| go Vw‘ ‘wPo 10 én¶m| Ho$ 7 ZmoQ> Xmo &
gb‘m : AV… gmoZr Ho$ nmg 100 én¶m| H$m 1 ZmoQ> VWm 10 én¶m| Ho$ 3 ZmoQ> ~M|Jo &
gmoZr : hm± ! AV… ‘oao nmg 130 én¶o ~M|Jo &
1 g¡H$‹S>m (eVH$) = 10 XhmB© (XeH$)
2 g¡H$‹S>m = 1 g¡H$‹S>m 10 XhmB© & 4 g¡H$‹S>m = 3 g¡H$‹S>m 10 XhmB© &
3 g¡H$‹S>m = 2 g¡H$‹S>m 10 XhmB© & 7 g¡H$‹S>m = 6 g¡H$‹S>m 10 XhmB© &
5 g¡H$‹S>m = 4 g¡H$‹S>m + XhmB© & 6 g¡H$‹S>m = g¡H$‹S>m + 10 XhmB© &
55
545 H$m AW© h¡, 5 g¡H$‹S>m 4 XhmB© VWm 5 BH$mB© & CZ‘| go 265 KQ>mZm h¡ & 5 BH$mB¶m| ‘| go 5 BH$mB© KQ>mE±Jo & ~MVm h¡ eyݶ BH$mB© & A~ 4 XhmB¶m| ‘| go 6 XhmB© KQ>mZm g§ d Zht h¡ & na§Vw g¡H$‹S>o ‘| 5 g¡H$‹S>o h¢ & CZ‘| go 1 g¡H$‹S>m Nw>Q²>Q>m H$a|Jo & g¡H$‹S>o Ho$ ImZo ‘| 4 ~M JE & EH$ g¡H$‹S>o ‘| 10 XhmB© hmoVo h¢ & do 10 VWm nhbo Ho$ 4 Bg àH$ma Hw$b 14 XhmB¶m± h¢ & CZ‘| go 6 XhmB© KQ>m X|, Vmo 8 ~Mo & A~ 4 g¡H$‹S>m| ‘| go 2 g¡H$‹S>m KQ>mE±Jo & CËVa Am¶m 280 &
7 {g³H$m| ‘| go 8 {g³Ho$ Zht {XE Om gH$Vo & AV… 10 Ho$ 2 ZmoQ>m| ‘| go 1 ZmoQ> Nw>Q²>Q>m H$amZm n‹S>oJm &Bg{bE ¶hm± 10 Ho$ EH$ ZmoQ> Ho$ 10 én¶o VWm nhbo Ho$ 7 én¶o AWm©V Hw$b 17 én¶o hm|Jo & 17 ‘| go 8 én¶o X|Jo & 10 H$m 1 ZmoQ> h¡ & Cgo ^r X|Jo & AV… 10 H$m ZmoQ> Zht ~MoJm Am¡a gm¡ Ho$ 5 ZmoQ>m| ‘| go 3 ZmoQ> {XE Om gH|$Jo & AV… Z§Xÿ Ho$ nmg 209 én¶o ~M|Jo &
g¡ X B
1 17
5 2 7 -
3 1 8 2 0 9
g¡ X B
4 14
5 4 5 -
2 6 5 2 8 0
F KQ>mAmo &
g¡ X B
2 7 1
- 1 3 8
g¡ X B
6 5 4
- 5 6
g¡ X B
7 3 1 - 2 4 8
g¡ X B
8 3 5 - 2 5 8
g¡ X B
5 6 7 - 2 4 9
g¡ X B
6 5 0 - 6 4 5
g¡ X B
7 7 5 - 3 9 7
g¡ X B
6 8 0 - 1 5 4
F Z§Xÿ Ho$ nmg 100 én¶m| Ho$ 5 ZmoQ>, 10 én¶m| Ho$ Xmo ZmoQ> VWm 1 én¶o Ho$ 7 {g³Ho$ h¢ & CgZo Cg‘| go gmoZr H$mo 318 én¶o Xo {XE Vmo A~ CgHo$ nmg {H$VZo én¶o ~M|Jo ?
F KQ>mAmo : 545 - 265
KQ>md … g¡H$‹S>o H$mo Nw>Q²>Q>m H$aHo$
57
F KQ>mAmo : 507 - 288
7 BH$mB¶m| ‘| go 8 BH$mB© KQ>mZm g§^d Zht h¡ & AV… EH$ XhmB© Nw>Q²>Q>m H$aZm n‹S>oJm na§Vw XhmB© Ho$ ñWmZ na ^r Hw$N> Zht h¡ & Bg{bE 1 g¡H$‹S>m Nw>Q²>Q>m H$aHo$ 10 XhmB© àmßV H$a|Jo & A~ Bg‘| go EH$ XhmB© Nw>Q²>Q>m H$aZo na 10 BH$mB© {‘bVr h¢ & do VWm nhbr 7 BH$mB© {‘bH$a 17 BH$mB© hmo JB© & Cg‘| go 8 BH$mB© KQ>mZo na 9 BH$mB© ~Mt & Cgo KQ>md Ho$ ñWmZ na {bI|Jo & A~ XhmB© Ho$ ImZo ‘| 9 h¡ & Cg ‘| go 8 KQ>m¶m & 1 XhmB© ~Mm, Cgo KQ>md Ho$ ñWmZ na {bI|Jo & A§V _| 4 g¡H$‹S>m ~Mm ahVm h¡ & Cg‘| go 2 g¡H$‹S>m KQ>mH$a ~Mo hþE 2 g¡H$‹S>m| H$mo KQ>md Ho$ ñWmZ na {bI|Jo & CËVa AWm©V KQ>md Am¶m 219 &
F KQ>mAmo : 900 - 365
¶hm± 0 BH$mB© ‘| go 5 BH$mB© KQ>mZm g§^d Zht h¡ & AV… XhmB© H$mo Nw>Q²>Q>m H$aZm h¡ na§Vw XhmB© Ho$ ñWmZ na ^r Hw$N> Zht h¡ & AV… 1 g¡H$‹S>o H$mo Nw>Q²>Q>m H$aHo$ 10 XhmB© àmßV H$a|Jo & BgHo$ ~mX Cg‘| go EH$ XhmB© Nw>Q²>Q>m H$aHo$ 10 BH$mB© àmßV H$a|Jo & CZ‘| go 5 BH$mB© KQ>mE±Jo & ~Mo hþE 5 BH$mB© H$mo KQ>md H$s BH$mB© ‘| {bI|Jo & A~ XhmB© Ho$ ImZo ‘| 9 h¢, CZ‘| go 6 K>Q>mE±, Vmo 3 XhmB© ~MoJm & Cgo ^r KQ>md Ho$ ñWmZ na {bI|Jo & A§V ‘| 8 g¡H$‹S>m ~Mm h¡ & CZ‘| go 3 KQ>mH$a ~Mo hþE 5 g¡H$‹S>o H$mo KQ>md Ho$ ñWmZ na {bI|Jo & KQ>md 535 Am¶m &
F KQ>mAmo &
F I‹S>m {dݶmg H$aHo$ KQ>mAmo &
D 245 - 6 D 348 - 59 D 556 - 368
D 407 - 240 D 845 - 657 D 932 - 754
F {XE JE g^r A§H$m| H$m Cn¶moJ H$aHo$, VrZ A§H$dmbr g~go ~‹S>r g§»¶m Am¡a VrZ A§H$dmbr g~go N>moQ>r g§»¶m V¡¶ma H$amo Am¡a CZH$m A§Va (KQ>md) kmV H$amo &
D 3, 5, 4 D 6, 5, 1 D 7, 2, 5 D 3, 4, 8
g¡ X B
4 10 17
5 0 7 -
2 8 8 2 1 9
9
g¡ X B
8 10 10
9 0 0 -
3 6 5 5 3 5
9
g¡ X B
2 0 5 - 6
g¡ X B
3 0 0 - 9 5
g¡ X B
8 0 0 - 2 0 7
g¡ X B
7 0 0 - 3 4 8
58
Omo‹S> VWm KQ>md
F ZrMo {XE JE àíZm| H$mo ‘m¡{IH$ ê$n ‘| hb H$amo &
D ‘mbVr Ho$ nmg 15 Zrbo VWm 7 bmb Jwã~mao h¢ Vmo Hw$b Jwã~mao {H$VZo ?
D A{OV Ho$ nmg Hw$N> ~rO h¢ & gmJa Zo Cgo 25 ~rO {XE & A~ A{OV Ho$ nmg Hw$b 65 ~rO hmo JE Vmo àma§^ ‘| A{OV Ho$ nmg {H$VZo ~rO Wo ?
D EH$ Q>moH$ar ‘| Jwbm~ VWm ~obm Ho$ Hw$b {‘bmH$a 80 ’y$b h¢ & CZ‘| go ¶{X 30 ’y$b Jwbm~ Ho$ hm| Vmo ~obm Ho$ ’y$b {H$VZo ?
D d¥jmamonU ¶mÌm ‘| Hw$b 100 ~ÀMo gh^mJr hþE & CZ‘| 60 b‹S>{H$¶m± h¢, Vmo b‹S>Ho$ {H$VZo ?
D AZda Zo 42 Amby {N>bo & gb‘m Zo 35 Amby {N>bo & gb‘m Am¡a {H$VZo Amby {N>bo {Oggo {H$ CgHo$ X²dmam {N>bo Amby, AZda Ho$ AmbwAm| Ho$ ~am~a hmo OmE± ?
F ZrMo Xr JB© OmZH$mar Ho$ AmYma na empãXH$ àíZ V¡¶ma H$amo Am¡a CÝh| hb H$amo & Q>moZr Ho$ nmg nwñVH|$ 75, gmoZr Ho$ nmg nwñVH|$ 40, Z§Xÿ Ho$ nmg nwñVH|$ 80 D Q>moZr VWm gmoZr Ho$ nmg {‘bmH$a nwñVH|$ {H$VZr ? D Q>moZr Ho$ nmg gmoZr H$s Anojm {H$VZr nwñVH|$ A{YH$ h¢ ? D Q>moZr H$s Anojm Z§Xÿ Ho$ nmg {H$VZr nwñVH|$ A{YH$ h¢ ? D gmoZr Am¡a {H$VZr nwñVH|$ IarXo {H$ Q>moZr VWm gmoZr Ho$ nmg g‘mZ nwñVH|$ hmo OmE± ?F ZrMo Xr JB© OmZH$mar Ho$ AmYma na, àíZ V¡¶ma H$amo Am¡a hb H$amo & D bmb Jmo{b¶m± 150, Zrbr Jmo{b¶m± 220, har Jmo{b¶m± 75 D gb‘m Ho$ A§H$ 272, Z§Xÿ Ho$ A§H$ 245, gmoZr Ho$ A§H$ 331 &
D aZm| H$m ’$bH$ & AemoH$ - 110, gbr‘ - 92, S>o{dS> - 48 &
60
F JwUm H$amo : 18 �4
XhmB© BH$mB©
1 5
� 5
{e{jH$m: 23�7¶hJwUmH$aZmh¡&g~gonhbo3BH$mB¶m|‘|7 go JwUm H$a|Jo & 7 {V¶m± 21 & CZ‘| go 20 BH$mB¶m| H$s 2 XhmB© ~ZmH$a Cgo XhmB© Ho$ ImZo ‘| D$na {bI|Jo & BH$mB© Ho$ ImZo ‘| 1 ah J¶m & A~ XhmB© Ho$ ImZo ‘| 7 XþZr 14 Am¡a hm{gb AmE hþE 2 H$mo {‘bmH$a 16 XhmB¶m± hþBª &
gb‘m : 16 XhmB© H$m AW© h¡ 1 g¡H$‹S>m VWm 6 XhmB© & AV… JwUZ’$b Am¶m 161 &
g~go nhbo 8 BH$mB© ‘| 4 go JwUm H$a|Jo & Mma AQ²>R>o ~ËVrg &CgH$s 30 BH$mB¶m| go 3 XhmB© (XeH$) ~ZVo h¢ & Cg 3 H$mo XhmB© Ho$ ImZo ‘| D$na {bI|Jo & 2 BH$mB© H$mo, BH$mB© Ho$ ImZo ‘| aoImI§S> Ho$ ZrMo {bI|Jo & A~ XhmB© Ho$ ImZo ‘| {bIo JE 1 ‘| 4 go JwUm H$a|Jo & Mma EH$‘ Mma Am¡a D$na {bIm J¶m VrZ {‘bmH$a hþE gmV XhmB© (XeH$) & Bgo aoImI§S> Ho$ ZrMo XhmB© Ho$ ImZo ‘| {bI|Jo & JwUZ’$b Am¶m 72 &
g¡ X B 1 6 1
g¡ X B
3 6
� 4
g¡ X B
4 0
� 8
g¡ X B
5 4
� 7
g¡ X B
9 2
� 8
F JwUm H$amo &
XhmB© BH$mB©
2 4
� 3
XhmB© BH$mB©
2 7
� 3
XhmB© BH$mB©
1 5
� 6
XhmB© BH$mB©
3
1 8 � 4
7 3 2
XhmB© BH$mB©
2
2 3 � 7
1 1 6 2 1
65
D EH$ n¡Ho$Q> ‘| 34 Mm°H$boQ> H$s Xa go 9 n¡Ho$Q>m| ‘| Hw$b {H$VZo Mm°H$boQ> ?
Mm°H$boQ> (EH$ n¡Ho$Q> ‘|) Hw$b n¡Ho$Q>
Hw$b Mm°H$boQ>
Hw$b Mm°H$boQ 306
D 1 ‘rQ>a H$n‹S>o H$m ‘yë¶ 95 é. h¡, Vmo 6 ‘rQ>a H$n‹S>o H$m ‘yë¶ {H$VZm hmoJm ?
H$n‹S>o H$m ‘yë¶ én¶o
D EH$ nwñVH$ H$m ‘yë¶ 85 én¶o hmo Vmo Eogr 5 nwñVH$m| H$m ‘yë¶ {H$VZm hmoJm ?
85 én¶o> (à˶oH$ nwñVH$ H$m ‘yë¶) � 5 Hw$b nwñVH|$ én¶o Hw$b ‘yë¶ én¶o
F ZrMo {XE JE àíZm| H$mo hb H$amo &
D ¶{X EH$ H$Vma ‘| 25 ~ÀMo hm|, Vmo Eogr 7 H$Vmam| ‘| ~ÀMm| H$s g§»¶m {H$VZr hmoJr ?
D 53 én¶m| H$s EH$, Bg Xa go 6 Vm¡{b¶m| H$m ‘yë¶ {H$VZm hmoJm ?
D EH$ noQ>r ‘| 72 go~ h¢ & Eogr 5 no{Q>¶m| ‘| {H$VZo go~ hm|Jo ?
D EH$ {S>ã~o ‘| 40 bS²>Sy> g‘mVo hm|, Vmo Eogo 9 {S>ã~m| ‘| {H$VZo bS²>Sy> g‘mE±Jo ?
F JwUm g§~§Yr àíZ V¡¶ma H$aHo$ hb H$amo &
OmZH$mar : 8 én¶m| ‘| 1 H$mnr, 45 H$m{n¶m± & OmZH$mar : EH$ noQ>r ‘| 48 AZma, 7 no{Q>¶m± & àíZ : 8 én¶m| ‘| EH$ H$mnr H$s Xa go 45 àíZ : EH$ noQ>r ‘| 48 AZma, Vmo 7 H$m{n¶m| H$m Hw$b ‘yë¶ {H$VZm hmoJm ? no{Q>¶m| ‘| Hw$b {H$VZo AZma ?
45 H$m{n¶m± � 8 EH$ H$mnr H$m ‘yë¶ 360 én¶o45 H$m{n¶m| H$m Hw$b ‘yë¶ 360 én¶o & 7 no{Q>¶m| ‘| Hw$b AZma
D EH$ H$Vma ‘| 15 d¥j, 9 H$Vma| & D EH$ {S>ã~o ‘| 20 bS²>Sy>, 8 {S>ã~o &
D 16 {Ibm¡Z|, à˶oH$ H$m ‘yë¶ 10 é. & D EH$ nwñVH$ Ho$ {bE 36 én¶o, 7 nwñVH|$ &
D 1 brQ>a XÿY H$m ‘yë¶ 40 én¶o, Vmo 3 brQ>a XÿY H$m ‘yë¶ {H$VZm hmoJm ?
XÿY H$m ‘yë¶ én¶o
3
3 4 � 9 3 0 6
empãXH$ àíZ
66
^mJ XoZm (^mOZ)
Hw$b Jmo{b¶m±> à˶oH$ H$mo Jmo{b¶m±
6 3
D ¶hm± Hw$N> b‹S>Ho$-b‹S>{H$¶m| Ho$ {MÌ {XE JE h¢ & Hw$b {H$VZo bmoJ h¢, XoImo & {JZmo &
gmW ‘| A‘ê$Xm| Ho$ {MÌ h¢ & g^r ~ÀMm| H$mo g‘mZ ê$n ‘| ~m±Q>Zm h¡ & H¡$go ~m±Q>moJo ?
Hw$b A‘ê$X gw‘m amOy ‘rZm A§Oy
à˶oH$ H$mo {H$VZo A‘ê$X {‘bo ?
D {~ñHw$Q>m| Ho$ EH$ n¡Ho$Q> ‘| Hw$b 12 {~ñHw$Q> h¢ & amOy, g§Oy Am¡a A{ZVm, BZ VrZm| ‘| CZH$m g‘mZ ~±Q>dmam H$aZm h¡ &
VrZm| ‘| g‘mZ g§»¶m ‘| ~m±Q>| Vmo à˶oH$ H$mo {~ñHw$Q> {‘b|Jo &
Hw$b {~ñHw$Q à˶oH$ H$m {hñgm
amOy g§Oy A{ZVm
g‘mZ ~±Q>dmam H$aZm
amOy : ‘m± Zo ‘wPo 6 Jmo{b¶m± Xr h¢ & CÝh| h‘ XmoZm| g‘mZ ~m±Q>H$a b|Jo &g§Oy : Vwåh| EH$, ‘wPo-EH$, Eogm ~±Q>dmam H$a|Jo &amOy : ‘wPo VrZ Jmo{b¶m± {‘bt &g§Oy : ‘wPo ^r VrZ hr Jmo{b¶m± {‘bt AWm©V à˶oH$ H$mo VrZ-VrZ Jmo{b¶m± {‘bt &
67
D XmBª Amoadmbo {MÌ ‘| 18 ~oa| {XImB© JB© h¢ & ¶o ~oa| Xmo bmoJm| ‘| g‘mZ g§»¶m ‘| ~m±Q>|, Vmo à˶oH$ H$mo {H$VZr ~oa| {‘b|Jr ?
D 18 ~oa| VrZ bmoJm| ‘| g‘mZ-g‘mZ ~m±Q>|, Vmo à˶oH$ H$mo {H$VZr ~oa| {‘b|Jr ?
D 18 ~oa| N>h bmoJm| ‘| g‘mZ-g‘mZ ~m±Q>|, Vmo à˶oH$ H$mo {H$VZr ~oa| {‘b|Jr ?
g‘yh AWdm {hñgo H$aZm
‘m± : 6 Am‘ bmB© hÿ± & gwMoVm, Vw‘ Xmo-Xmo Am‘m| Ho$ T>oa ~ZmAmo & {H$VZo ~ZVo h¢, ~mobmo &
gwMoVm : VrZ T>oa hþE & A~ VrZ-VrZ Am‘m| Ho$ T>oa ~ZmH$a XoIy± ³¶m ?‘m± : Adí¶ H$aHo$ XoImo & {H$VZo ~ZVo h¢, ‘wPo ~VmAmo &gwMoVm : A~ Vmo Xmo hr T>oa ~ZVo h¢ &
gwMoVm X²dmam {H$¶m J¶m ~±Q>dmam ZrMo gmaUr ‘| {XIm¶m J¶m h¡ &
$$Hw$b Am‘ à˶oH$ T>oa ‘| Am‘ Hw$b T>oa
6 2 3
6 3 2
D {MÌm| ‘| T>oa {XImH$a gmaUr nyU© H$amo &
$Hw$b Am‘
EH$ T>oa ‘| Am‘Hw$bT>oa
8 2
8 4
68
D {MÌm| ‘| T>oa {XImAmo Am¡a gmaUr nyU© H$amo &
$Hw$b Irao
EH$ g‘yh ‘| Irao
Hw$b T>oa
10 1
10 2
10 5
10 10
D {e{jH$m 12 ~ÀMm|dmbm H$moB© Iob H$adm ahr Wt & CÝhm|Zo H$hm, ""Mbmo, h‘ g‘yh V¡¶ma H$aZo H$m Iob Iob|Jo & ‘¢ {OVZr A±Jw{b¶m| go g§Ho$V H$ê±$, CVZo hr bmoJm| Ho$ g‘yh ~ZmZo h¢''&
{e{jH$m Zo hmW H$s 4 A±Jw{b¶m± D$na H$s¨ & {H$VZo g‘yh ~Zo ?
{e{jH$m Zo hmW go g§Ho$V {H$¶m 3 H$m & {H$VZo g‘yh hþE ?
{e{jH$m Zo hmW go g§Ho$V {H$¶m 2 H$m & {H$VZo g‘yh hþE ?
{e{jH$m Zo XmoZm| hmWm| go {‘bmH$a g§Ho$V {H$¶m 6 H$m & {H$VZo g‘yh hþE ?
D EH$ Q´>o ‘| 6 bS²>Sy> g‘mVo h¢, Vmo 48 bS²>Sy> ^aZoo Ho$ {bE {H$VZr Q´>o bJ|Jr ? kmV H$aHo$ XoImo &
Hw$b bS²>Sy> EH$ Q´>o ‘| bS²>Sy> Q´>o H$s Hw$b g§»`m
48 6 >
D EH$ noQ>r ‘| 10 Q>mBb| aI gH$Vo h¢ & {H$gr H$‘ao ‘| Hw$b 60 Q>mBb| {~R>mZr h¢ & Q>mBbm| H$s Hw$b {H$VZr no{Q>¶m± bmZr n‹S>|Jr ?
Hw$b Q>mBb| EH$ noQ>r ‘| Q>mBb| no{Q>¶m| H$s g§»`m
60 10 >
69
D ‘mo‘~ËVr Ho$ EH$ n¡Ho$Q> ‘| 8 ‘mo‘~pËV¶m± g‘mVr h¢, Vmo 24 ‘mo‘~pËV¶m± ^aZo Ho$ {bE {H$VZo n¡Ho$Q> bJ|Jo ?
dñVwAm| Ho$ g‘yh H$s dñVwAm| go g‘mZ g‘yh ~ZmZo H$m AW© h¡ ^mJ XoZm & EH$ hr g§»¶m ~ma-~ma KQ>mZm
D
AmAmo, h‘ BZ 8 ’y$bm| ‘| go à˶oH$ ~ma 2 ’y$b {ZH$mbVo OmE±
8 ’y$bm| ‘| go nhbr ~ma 2 ’y$b {ZH$mb {bE & 8 - 2 = 6
6 ’y$b ah JE &
6 ’y$bm| ‘| go Xygar ~ma 2 ’y$b {ZH$mb {bE & 6 - 2 = 4
4 ’y$b ah JE &
4 ’y$bm| ‘| go Vrgar ~ma 2 ’y$b {ZH$mb {bE & 4 - 2 = 2 2 ’y$b ah JE &
2 ’y$bm| ‘| go Mm¡Wr ~ma 2 ’y$b {ZH$mb {bE & 2 - 2 = 0 H$moB© ’y$b ~Mm hr Zht;
AWm©V eyݶ (0) ’y$b ah JE &
8 ’y$bm| ‘| go à˶oH$ ~ma 2 ’y$b {ZH$mbZo H$s {H«$¶m A{YH$ go A{YH$ 4 ~ma H$s Om gH$s &
D Z§Xÿ H$mo S>m°³Q>a Zo 15 Jmo{b¶m± Xt & à{V{XZ 3 Jmo{b¶m| H$s Xa go ¶o g^r Jmo{b¶m± {H$VZo {XZm| VH$ boZr n‹S>|Jr; Bgo D$na H$s ^m±{V {MÌ ItMH$a {XImAmo &
70
{e{jH$m : AmO ‘¢ Hw$N> Om‘wZ| bmB© hÿ± & H$m¡Z-H$m¡Z AmE h¢ ?
gmoZr : gb_m, Q>moZr VWm ‘¢ ñd¶§ Eogo VrZ bmoJ h¢ &
{e{jH$m : ¶o Om‘wZ| {JZmo & VrZm| bmoJm| ‘| g‘mZ ~m±Q>mo &
gmoZr : ¶o ~mah Om‘wZ| h¢ & ‘¢ à˶oH$ H$mo EH$-EH$ H$s Xa go VrZm| ‘| g‘mZ ~m±Q>Vr hÿ± &
{e{jH$m : à˶oH$ H$mo {H$VZr {‘bt ?
gmoZr : à˶oH$ H$mo Mma-Mma {‘bt &
gb‘m : ‘¢ Oam EH$ AbJ àH$ma go ~m±Qy> ³¶m ?
{e{jH$m : Adí¶ ! {H$g àH$ma ~m±Q>moJr ?
gb‘m : VrZm| ‘| ~m±Q>Zm h¡ & AV… ‘¢ VrZ-VrZ Ho$
g‘yh ~ZmVr hÿ± & BgHo$ ~mX VrZm| OZ à˶oH$
g‘yh H$s EH$-EH$ Om‘wZ bo gH$Vo h¢ &
Q>moZr : ghr H$hm & à˶oH$ g‘yh Ho$ {bE EH$
AWm©V à˶oH$ H$mo Mma Om‘wZ| &
{e{jH$m : EH$ Am¡a ~mV Vw‘ bmoJm| Ho$ ܶmZ ‘| AmB©
³¶m ? O~ gb‘m g‘yh ~Zm ahr Wr, V~
dh à˶oH$ ~ma VrZ Om‘wZ| H$‘ H$a ahr Wr &
AV… ~mah ‘| go {’$a-{’$a VrZ KQ>mVr Om
ahr Wr &
gb‘m : Or hm± ! Am¡a Eogm Mma ~ma H$aZo na Om‘wZ|
g‘mßV hmo JBª &
{e{jH$m : A~ Vwåhmao ܶmZ ‘| Am J¶m hmoJm {H$ ~mah
Om‘wZ| VrZm| ‘| g‘mZ ~m±Q>Zm AWdm CZHo$
VrZ-VrZ Ho$ g‘yh ~ZmZm AWm©V CZ‘| go
{’$a-{’$a VrZ Om‘wZ| KQ>mZm; BZ g^r
{H«$¶mAm| Ho$ n[aUm‘ g‘mZ hr hmoVo h¢ &71
Q>moZr : Or hm± ~hZ Or !
{e{jH$m : Bgr{bE BZ g^r {H«$¶mAm| H$m J{UV ‘| EH$ hr Zm‘ "^mJ' XoZm (^mOZ) h¡ &
dñVwAm| H$m g‘mZ ~±Q>dmam H$aZo H$m AW© h¡ ^mJ XoZm (^mOZ) &
dñVwAm| H$m g‘mZ g‘yhm| ‘| {d^mOZ H$aZo H$m AW© h¡ ^mJ XoZm &
dñVwAm| H$s g§»¶m ‘| go EH$ hr g§»¶m ~ma-~ma KQ>mZo H$m AW© ^r h¡ ^mJ XoZm &
Q>moZr : na§Vw {Mh²Z H$m Cn¶moJ H$aHo$ JwUm {bIZo H$s {H«$¶m h‘| kmV h¡ & d¡go hr {Mh²Z H$m
Cn¶moJ H$aHo$ ^mJ {bIZo H$s ^r {d{Y hmoJr hr ?
{e{jH$m : hm± h¡ ! "^mJ'XoZoH$s {H«$¶mHo$ {bEJ{UV‘| {Mh²Z"�'H$mCn¶moJH$aVoh¢ &
"12�3=4' Bg àH$ma {bI gH$Vo hmo & Bgo "~mah ^mJo VrZ ~am~a Mma' Bg àH$ma
n‹T>>Vo h¢ &
gb‘m : ‘oao ܶmZ ‘| Am¶m h¡ & VrZ Mm¡H$ ~mah & AV… VrZ-VrZ dñVwAm| Ho$ Mma g‘yh EH$Ì
H$a| Vmo ~mah dñVwE± hmo OmVr h¢ & BgHo$ {dnarV ¶{X ~mah dñVwAm| H$mo VrZ-VrZ Ho$
g‘yhm| ‘| {d^m{OV H$a| Vmo Hw$b Mma g‘yh ~ZVo h¢ &
{e{jH$m : ~hþV AÀN>m ! VrZ-VrZ Ho$ g‘yh ~ZmVo g‘¶, VrZ H$m nhm‹S>m ~mah VH$ ~mobVo hr
¶h g‘P ‘| Am OmVm h¡ {H$ ~mah ‘| VrZ-VrZ Ho$ {H$VZo g‘yh ~ZVo h¢ & Bgr àH$ma
VrZm| bmoJm| ‘| 12 H$m ~±Q>dmam H$aVo g‘¶ ^r VrZ Ho$ hr nhm‹S>o H$m Cn¶moJ H$aHo$
VrZ Mm¡H$ ~mah, AWm©V à˶oH$ H$mo Mma dñVwE± {‘bVr h¢ &
F {H$gr {S>ã~o ‘| 9 bS²>Sy> h¢ & CÝh| Mma bmoJm| ‘| g‘mZ ~m±Q>Zm h¡ & à˶oH$ H$mo Xmo, Bg àH$ma
Mmam| H$mo 8 bS²>Sy> XoZo na 1 bS²>Sy> ~MoJm; AV… nyao-nyao bS²>Sw>Am| ‘| g‘mZ ~±Q>dmam Zht {H$¶m
Om gH$Vm & 1 bS²>Sy> ~M OmVm h¡ & ¶{X {S>ã~o ‘| AmR> hr bS²>Sy> hmoVo, Vmo bS²>Sw>Am| H$m g‘mZ
~±Q>dmam H$aZo na bS²>Sy> eof Z ~MVm & g‘mZ ~±Q>dmam H$aVo g‘¶ H$^r-H$^r dñVwE± ~Mr
ah OmVr h¢ & BZ ~Mr hþB© dñVwAm| H$s g§»¶m H$m AW© h¡ "eof’$b' & dñVwAm| Ho$ ñWmZ na
g§»¶mAm| H$s ghm¶Vm go {H$E JE I‹S>o {dݶmg H$mo ܶmZ go XooImo &
2 bS²>Sy> à˶oH$ H$mo {‘bo 4 ) 9 bS²>Sy> Wo - 8 Hw$b bS²>Sy> ~m±Q>o JE 1 bS²>Sy> ~M J¶m &
4 bmoJm| ‘| ~m±Q>o
72
D 12 ’y$b 4 ~ÀMmo| ‘| g‘mZ ~m±Q>o JE & à˶oH$ H$mo 3 ’y$b {‘bVo h¢ ³¶m|{H$ 4 {V¶m± 12 & Bg ^mJ {H«$¶m H$mo I‹S>o {dݶmg ‘| ¶hm± {XImE AZwgma {bIVo h¢ & 12 ‘| 4 go ^mJ XoZo na eof’$b eyݶ AmVm h¡ &
D 5 ~ÀMm| ‘| 15 bS²>Sy> g‘mZ ~m±Q>o JE & à˶oH$ H$mo 3 bS²>Sy> {‘bVo h¢ ³¶m|{H$ 5 {V¶m± 15 & à˶oH$ H$mo {‘bo bS²>Sy> H$m AW© h¡
^mJ’$b & g^r bS²>Sy> g‘mßV hmo OmVo h¢ & ~Mm
Hw$N> ^r Zht & AV… eof’$b 0 &D 22 én¶o 5 bmoJm| ‘| ~m±Q>Zo h¢ &
F ^mJ Xmo &
5 ) 22
4 ^mJ’$b^mOH$ 5 ) 22 ^mÁ¶ - 20 2 eof’$b
Q>moZr : ¶hm± 22 ^mÁ¶ VWm 5 ^mOH$ h¡ &gb‘m : ¶hm± 5 ^mOH$, AV… 5 Ho$ nhm‹S>o H$m Cn¶moJ
H$a|Jo & 5 Mm¡H$ 20 Am¡a 5 nMo 25 &Q>moZr : 22 ‘| go 25 KQ>mZm g§^d Zht h¡ na§Vw 22 ‘| go 20 KQ>m¶m Om gH$Vm h¡ &gmoZr : AV… 5 Mm¡H$ 20 H$m Cn¶moJ H$aZm h¡ & AV…
aoImI§S> Ho$ D$na BH$mB© Ho$ ñWmZ na 4 {bI|Jo &Z§Xÿ : Bg 4 H$mo ^mJ’$b ‘| {bIVo g‘¶ XhmB© Ho$
ñWmZ na {bIZm R>rH$ Zht h¡ ³¶m|{H$ à˶oH$ H$mo 4 én¶o {‘bVo h¢ & 4 XhmB© AWdm 40 Zht &
4 9) 36 - 36 0
7) 42
8) 64
6) 54
7 8) 58 - 56 2
6) 49
5) 47
7) 29
3 5 ) 15 - 15 0
^mOH$^mJ’$b^mÁ`
eof’$b
(^mÁ¶) Hw$b ’y$b
3 4) 12
- 12
0
(^mJ’$b) à˶oH$ Ho$ ’y$b
~m±Q>o JE ’y$b
(eof’$b) ~Mo hþE ’y$b
(^mOH$)
73
H$mb‘mnZ n K‹S>r H$m dmMZ
{e{jH$m : H$b Vw‘ bmoJm| Zo nyN>m Wm {H$ K‹S>r XoIH$a g‘¶ H¡$go ~Vm¶m Om gH$Vm h¡ & AmO ‘¢ EH$ ~‹S>r K‹S>r bmB© hÿ± & AmAmo, h‘ Cggo grI| & K‹S>r H$s N>moQ>r VWm ~‹S>r gyB¶m| H$s Amoa ܶmZ Xmo & O~ XmoZm| gyB¶m± 12 na hmoVr h¢, V~ ~mah ~OVo h¢ &
gb‘m : N>moQ>r gyB© 4 na Am¡a ~‹S>r gyB© 12 na hmoVr h¡, V~ 4 ~OVo h¢ &Z§Xÿ : Bgr àH$ma "5 ~Oo h¢' AWdm "9 ~Oo h¢' {XIm¶m Om gH$Vm
h¡ &gmoZr : N>moQ>r gyB© Yrao-Yrao O~{H$ ~‹S>r gyB© CgH$s Anojm VoOr go
Ky‘Vr h¡, h¡ Z ?{e{jH$m : hm± ! N>moQ>r gyB© K§Q>m {XImVr h¡ O~{H$ ~‹S>r gyB© {‘ZQ> {XImVr
h¡ & Bg{bE N>moQ>r gyB© H$mo "K§Q>m gyB©' VWm ~‹S>r gyB© H$mo "{‘ZQ> gyB©' H$hVo h¢ & A~ ~‹S>r gyB© 1 na JB© h¡ & 12 ~OH$a 5 {‘ZQ> hmo JE &
Z§Xÿ : {‘ZQ> H$s gyB© 2 na JB© Vmo 12 ~OH$a 10 {‘ZQ> hm|Jo & {’$a {‘ZQ> H$s gyB© 3 na hmo Vmo 12 ~OH$a 15 {‘ZQ> hm|Jo & Aao XoImo Z ? K§Q>o H$s gyB© Wmo‹S>r AmJo JB© hþB© {XImB© XoVr h¡ &
{e{jH$m : R>rH$ H$hm & à˶oH$ Xmo g‘rnr g§»¶mAm| Ho$ ImZm| ‘| 5-5 {‘ZQ>m| H$m A§Va h¡ &
gmoZr : BgH$m AW© ¶h h¡ {H$ {‘ZQ>m| H$s {JZVr H$aVo g‘¶ 5 H$m nhm‹S>m Cn¶moJr hmoJm & Bgr àH$ma K§Q>o H$s gyB© 12 VWm 1 Ho$ ‘ܶ Am¡a {‘ZQ> H$s gyB© 9 na hmo Vmo 12 ~OH$a 45 {‘ZQ> hm|Jo ³¶m|{H$ Zm¡ nMo n¢Vmbrg &
{e{jH$m : dmh-dmh, ~hþV AÀN>m ! O~ {‘ZQ> H$s gyB© 12 go AmJo OmVo-OmVo nwZ… 12 VH$ AmVr h¡, V~ CgH$m EH$ M³H$a (’o$am) nyam hmoVm h¡ & BgHo$ {bE bJZodmbm g‘¶ 60 {‘ZQ> AWm©V 1 K§Q>m hmoVm h¡ & CVZo hr g‘¶ ‘| K§Q>o H$s gyB© 12 na go 1 na {IgH$ OmVr h¡, Cg g‘¶ 1 ~Om hmoVm h¡ &
Q>moZr : Am¶m ܶmZ ‘| & K§Q>o H$s gyB© 4 VWm 5 Ho$ ‘ܶ Am¡a {‘ZQ> H$s gyB© 8 na hmo, Vmo nm±M AQ²>R>o Mmbrg AWm©©V 4 ~OH$a 40 {‘ZQ> hmoVo h¢ &
K§Q>m-{‘ZQ>, ¶o g‘¶ ZmnZo H$s BH$mB¶m± (‘mÌH$) h¢ &
74
F {XE JE OÝ‘{XZm§H$m| Ho$ {bE Bg df© Ho$ OÝ‘{XZ H$mo hmoZodmbr Am¶w nyU© dfm] ‘| {bImo &
Zm‘ gm[aH$m ‘mohZ Ah‘X ‘³IZqgh
OÝ‘{XZm§H$ 18.7.2002 14.5.2000 01.2.2003 13.7.1977
Am¶w
F AnZo Ka Ho$ ì¶p³V¶m| Ho$ OÝ‘{XZm§H$ {bIH$a gmaUr nyU© H$amo &
ì¶p³V OÝ‘{XZm§H$25 d| OÝ‘{XZ H$m
{XZm§H$nyU© dfm] ‘| dV©‘mZ
Am¶w40 d| OÝ‘{XZ H$m
{XZm§H$
‘m±
{nVm Or
~hZ
~‹S>o ^mB©
F OmZH$mar àmßV H$amo &
D {H$gH$m OÝ‘{XZ à˶oH$ Mma df© ‘| AmVm h¡ ? ³¶m| ?
D Vwåhmao ng§X H$m ˶m¡hma H$m¡Z-gm h¡ ? dh {nN>bo df© H$m¡Z-go {XZm§H$ H$mo Wm ? Bg df© dh H$m¡Z-go {XZm§H$ H$mo h¡ ?
D {XZXe©H$ Ho$ AbJ-AbJ àH$ma &
D nyU© dfm], ‘mhm|, {XZm| ‘| Am¶w H¡$go kmV H$s OmVr h¡ ?
D h‘mam Xoe 15 AJñV 1947 Ho$ {XZ ñdV§Ì hþAm Wm & AmO h‘mao Xoe H$mo ñdV§ÌVm {‘bo {H$VZo df© nyao hmo JE ?
D ^maV X²dmam A§V[aj ‘| Am¶©^Q> Zm‘H$ CnJ«h N>mo‹S>m J¶m Wm & df© 2005 ‘| Bg KQ>Zm H$mo 30 df© nyU© hmo MwHo$ h¢ Vmo dh CnJ«h {H$g df© N>mo‹S>m J¶m Wm ?
D "df© 1987 ‘| ‘hmZ ^maVr¶ J{UVk am‘mZwOZ H$s OÝ‘eVmãXr Wr,' Bg H$WZ H$m AW© ³¶m h¡ ?
77
{^ÝZ
nyam (nyU©) H$mJO AmYm AmYm
nyam go~ AmYm go~
nyar Ho$H$ AmYr Ho$H$ nyam Va~yO AmYm Va~yO
nyam A‘ê$X AmYm A‘ê$X
AmYm
Q>moZr VWm Z§Xÿ H$mo ^yI bJr Wr & gb‘m Ho$ nmg EH$amoQ>r Wr & CgZo Vwa§V CgHo$ Xmo ^mJ (Qw>H$‹S>o) H$aHo$ {XE &Q>moZr : ‘wPo amoQ>r H$‘ {‘br &Z§Xÿ : ghr h¡, ‘wPo Q>moZr go Hw$N> A{YH$ amoQ>r {‘br &gb‘m : j‘m H$amo ! ‘¢Zo CVmdbr ‘| Qw>H$‹S>o {H$E & Bg{bE Eogm hmo J¶m & ‘oao nmg EH$ ny‹S>r ^r h¡ & CgHo$ Xmo g‘mZ ^mJ H$aHo$ XoVr hÿ± &Q>moZr : A~ XmoZm| H$mo g‘mZ ^mJ {‘bo h¢ &gmoZr : à˶oH$ H$mo R>rH$ AmYr ny‹S>r {‘br &
gmoZr Ho$ nmg EH$ ~‹S>m H$mJO h¡ & gmoZr VWm gb‘m XmoZm| H$mo {MÌ ~ZmZo h¢ &gmoZr : Bg H$mJO Ho$ Xmo g‘mZ ^mJ H$amo &Q>moZr : ‘¢ Xmo g‘mZ ^mJ H$aHo$ XoVm hÿ± &
gmoZr VWm gb‘m H$mo AmYm-AmYm H$mJO {‘bm &
{H$gr ^r dñVw Ho$ Xmo g‘mZ ^mJ H$aZo na CgHo$ à˶oH$ ^mJ H$mo Cg dñVw H$m AmYm H$hVo h¢ &
F ZrMo {XE JE {MÌm| H$m {ZarjU H$amo &
78
nyam Iram nmd Iram
nyar Ho$H$ nmd Ho$H$
nyam Va~yO nmd Va~yO
F ZrMo Xr JB© à˶oH$ AmH¥${V H$m AmYm ^mJ a±Jmo &
F ZrMo Xr JB© à˶oH$ AmH¥${V ‘| aoImI§S> ItMo JE h¢ & Cg aoImI§S> X²dmam {OZ AmH¥${V¶m| Ho$ Xmo g‘mZ ^mJ hmoVo hm|, CZ AmH¥${V¶m| Ho$ ZrMo 3 Eogm {Mh²Z ~ZmAmo &
nmd (Mm¡WmB©)
{e{jH$m : gb‘m, Z§Xÿ, gmoZr, Q>moZr, g~ bmoJ BYa AmAmo & ‘oao nmg nV§J H$m EH$ ~‹S>m H$mJO h¡ & Cggo Vw‘ Mmam| EH$-EH$ nV§J V¡¶ma H$amo &
Q>moZr : BgH$m AW© ¶h h¡ {H$ h‘| Bg H$mJO Ho$ Mma g‘mZ ^mJ H$aZo n‹S>|Jo &Z§Xÿ : ‘¢ H$aVm hÿ± Mma g‘mZ ^mJ &{e{jH$m : ~hþV AÀN>m ! Bg‘| go à˶oH$ ^mJ, Cg nyao H$mJO H$m nmd (Mm¡WmB©) ^mJ h¡ &
nmd (Mm¡WmB©) ^mJ
{H$gr dñVw Ho$ Mma g‘mZ ^mJ H$aZo na à˶oH$ ^mJ CgH$m nmd ^mJ hmoVm h¡ &
F ZrMo {XE JE {MÌm| H$m {ZarjU H$amo VWm "nmd' H$m AW© g‘Pmo &
79
AmYm, nmd, nm¡Z-ì¶dhma ‘| Cn¶moJ
F ZrMo {XE JE CXmhaUm| H$m Aܶ¶Z H$amo &
D {dX²¶mb¶ Ho$ ‘¡XmZ H$s b§~mB© 20 ‘rQ>a h¡ & Bg ‘¡XmZ H$s AmYr b§~mB© 20 ‘rQ>a H$s
AmYr AWm©V 10 ‘rQ>a, ‘¡XmZ H$s nmd b§~mB© AWm©V 20 ‘rQ>a H$s nmd (Mm¡WmB©) AWm©V
5 ‘rQ>a Am¡a ‘¡XmZ H$s nm¡Z b§~mB© AWm©V 15 ‘rQ>a hmoJr &
D EH$ K§Q>o ‘| 60 {‘ZQ> hmoVo h¢ & AmYo K§Q>o ‘| 30 {‘ZQ> hmoVo h¢ &
D 4 brQ>a H$m nmd (Mm¡WmB©) ^mJ 1 brQ>a hmoVm h¡ &
D OrdamO Ho$ nmg 200 én¶o h¢ & CZ‘| go CgZo nm¡Z aH$‘ ‘rZm H$mo Xo Xr AWm©V OrdamO Zo
‘rZm H$mo 150 én¶o {XE &
D EH$ XO©Z Ho$bo H$m AW© h¡, 12 Ho$bo & AmYm XO©Z Ho$bo H$m AW© h¡, 6 Ho$bo & nm¡Z XO©Z
Ho$bo H$m AW© h¡, 9 Ho$bo &
F {ZåZ{b{IV àíZm| H$mo hb H$amo &
D AmZ§X H$s dV©‘mZ Am¶w 8 df© h¡ & lw{V H$s Am¶w, AmZ§X H$s Am¶w H$s AmYr h¡ Vmo lw{V
H$s Am¶w {H$VZr h¡ ?
D gmoZmbr Ho$ nmg 10 ‘rQ>a H$n‹S>m h¡ & Cg‘| go CgZo AmYm ^mJ H$n‹S>m am‘y H$mo Xo {X¶m Vmo
gmoZmbr Ho$ nmg {H$VZm H$n‹S>m ~Mm ? CgZo am‘y H$mo {H$VZm H$n‹S>m {X¶m ?
D AZKm Ho$ nmg 100 én¶o h¢ & Cg‘| go nmd (Mm¡WmB©) aH$‘ CgZo AnZo ^mB© H$mo Xo Xr Vmo
CgZo ^mB© H$mo {H$VZo én¶o {XE ?
D EH$ añgr H$s b§~mB© 16 ‘rQ>a h¡ & Cg añgr H$m nm¡Z ^mJ H$mQ>Zm h¡ Vmo {H$VZo ‘rQ>a na
{Mh²Z ~ZmZm n‹S>oJm ?
D gmobmnwa go Zm§XoS> VH$ OmZo ‘| 6 K§Q>o bJVo h¢ & CgH$m R>rH$ AmYm g‘¶ gmobmnwa go bmVya
VH$ OmZo ‘| bJVm h¡, Vmo gmobmnwa go bmVya VH$ OmZo ‘| {H$VZm g‘¶ bJVm h¡ ?
F {H$VZm, Cgo ~VmAmo &
D 24 _rQ>a H$n‹S>o H$m AmYm H$n‹S>m &
D 80 én¶m| H$m nmd ^mJ &
D 40 {H$bmoJ«m_ e³H$a H$m nm¡Z ^mJ &
D 12 brQ>a {‘Q²>Q>r Ho$ Vob H$m nmd ^mJ &
D 4 K§Q>o 40 {‘ZQ> g‘¶ H$m AmYm g‘¶ &
D 60 én¶m| H$m nm¡Z ^mJ &
83
OmZH$m[a¶m| H$m ì¶dñWmnZ H$b gmoZr H$m OÝ‘{XZ ‘Zm¶m J¶m & OÝ‘{XZ na CgHo$ ghnmR>r AmE Wo & g~ bmoJm| Zo Cgo
ew H$m‘ZmE± Xt Am¡a Cnhma ^r {XE na§Vw Z§Xÿ OÝ‘{XZ na Zht Om gH$m Wm & CgZo gmoZr go nyN>m -
D H$m¡Z-H$m¡Z AmE Wo ? gIm (b‹S>Ho$) {H$VZo ? gho{b¶m± (b‹S>{H$¶m±) {H$VZr ?
D Cnhma ³¶m-³¶m {‘bm ? Hw$b {H$VZo Cnhma {‘bo ?
D gmoZr Zo AmZodmbo g^r ghnm{R>¶m| Ho$ Zm‘ ~VmE &
Q>moZr : Aao ! h‘ nhbo Cnhma H$s dñVwE± XoI|Jo Am¡a ~mX ‘| Z§Xÿ Ho$ àíZm| Ho$ CËVa X|Jo &
Q>moZr Zo dñVwAm| Ho$ g‘yh ~ZmE &
gb‘m Zo nwñVH|$ {JZt & Cnhma-dñVw g§»`m
gmoZr Zo H$b‘| {JZt & Q>moZr Zo nopÝgb| {JZt & nopÝgb| 17
Z§Xÿ Zo ñboQ> na ¶h OmZH$mar {bIr & H$b‘| 4
gmoZr : BgH$m AW© ¶h h¡ {H$ ‘wPo Hw$b 30 dñVwE± {‘bt & nwñVH|$ 9
Q>moZr : ¶h Vmo Vm{bH$m V¡¶ma hmo JB© & Hw$b dñVwE± 30
F Xÿgao {XZ dJ© ‘| AmZo Ho$ ~mX Z§Xÿ Zo b‹S>Ho$-b‹S>{H$¶m| go nyN>m, ""Vw‘ {dX²¶mb¶ H¡$go AmVo hmo ?''
gmoZr Zo g~ bmoJm| Ho$ CËVa {ZåZmZwgma {bI {bE &
amo{hV - ~g, {dO` - [a³em, _m`m - ~g, Jmonmb - n¡Xb, aoIm - [a³em, H¥$îUm - gmB{H$b,
Am^m - H$ma, _hmXod - n¡Xb, amoOa - n¡Xb, \$mê$I - [a³em, Ah_X - ~g, gm{ZH$m - gmB{H$b,
pñ_Vm - ~g, Z§Xÿ - [a³em, gmoZr - [a³em, Om°Z - ~g, ga~OrV - ~g, ñdam - H$ma, am_ZmW - n¡Xb,
EbZ - n¡Xb, {dH$mg - [a³em, A±WZr - [a³em, gmam - ~g, gVre - gmB{H$b, Aë~Q>© - ~g,
am_ñdm_r - n¡Xb, ZrVm - ~g, AbH$m - ~g, ZmJoe - gmB{H$b, H¡$bme - gmB{H$b &
Z§Xÿ Zo Vm{bH$m V¡¶ma H$aHo$ dhr OmZH$mar {ZåZmZwgma {XImB© &
~g go AmZodmboamo{hV, pñ_Vm, _m`m, gmam, Ah_X, Om°Z, ga~OrV, Aë~Q>©,
ZrVm, AbH$m10
[a³eo go AmZodmbo {dO`, aoIm, gmoZr, Z§Xÿ, \$mê$I, {dH$mg, A±WZr 7
n¡Xb AmZodmbo Jmonmb, am_ñdm_r, _hmXod, amoOa, am_ZmW, EbZ 6
gmB{H$b go AmZodmboo H¥$îUm, gm{ZH$m, gVre, ZmJoe, H¡$bme 5
H$ma go AmZodmbo Am^m, ñdam 2
84
F Jwédma H$mo JUdoe ‘| AmZm Amdí¶H$ Zht Wm & ~ÀMo a§JrZ H$n‹S>o nhZH$a {dX²¶mb¶ AmE
Wo & EbZ Zo CgHo$ AmYma na EH$ Vm{bH$m ~ZmB© & gb‘m Zo gbmh Xr {H$ ~ÀMm| H$m Zm‘
{bIZo Ho$ ~Xbo , à˶oH$ ~ÀMo Ho$ {bE I‹S>r nmB© (&) ~ZmE±Jo &
EbZ X²dmam V¡¶ma H$s JB© Vm{bH$m gb‘m X²dmam V¡¶ma H$s JB© Vm{bH$m
Q>moZr : ‘oao H$n‹S>o bmb h¢ & AV… ‘¢ nhbo g‘yh ‘| &
gb‘m : na§Vw nmB© Ho$ {Mh²Zm| Am¡a ~ÀMm| H$s g§»¶m g‘mZ h¡ ³¶m ? H¡$go kmV hmoJm ?
gmoZr : bmb H$n‹S>o nhZo hþE ~ÀMm| H$s g§»¶m Mma Am¡a {Mh²Z ^r Mma & BgH$m AW© ¶h h¡ {H$
h‘ AnZr Vm{bH$m H$s g˶Vm H$s Om±M H$a gH$Vo h¢ &
Bg àH$ma ~ZmE JE nmB© Ho$ {Mh²Zm| H$mo "{‘bmZ {Mh²Z' H$hVo h¢ &
F ‘oar, AnZo ~mJ Ho$ ’y$bm| Ho$ nm¡Ym| H$s OmZH$mar Xem©Zodmbr {MÌmË‘H$ gmaUr V¡¶ma H$aHo$ bmB© &
Jwbm~
Jw‹S>hb
~obm
M§nm
H$n‹S>m| H$m
a§J
{dX²¶m{W©¶m| Ho$ Zm‘
{dX²¶mWu g§»`m
bmb ........ 4
ham ........ 2
nrbm ........ 7
Zrbm ........ 10
H$n‹S>m| H$m
a§JnmB¶m±
{dX²¶mWu g§»`m
bmb 4
ham 2
nrbm 7
Zrbm 10
85
gmoZr : {MÌH$bm ‘| Vw‘ A˶{YH$ àdrU hmo & Bgr{bE Vm{bH$m gw§Xa {XImB© Xo ahr h¡ &
Q>moZr : na§Vw h‘| gw§Xa {MÌ ~ZmZm Zht AmVm & Cg‘| g‘¶ ^r A{YH$ bJVm h¡ & Bg{bE ’y$bm|
Ho$ {MÌm| Ho$ ñWmZ na {‘bmZ {Mh²Z ~ZmE± Vmo A{YH$ erK«Vm hmoVr h¡ & {‘bmZ {Mh²Z
~ZmH$a ZrMo Xr JB© Vm{bH$m nyU© H$aVo h¢ &
F arVm Zo AnZo ghnmR>r ~ÀMm| go g~go A{YH$ ng§Xdmbo ‘rR>o nXmW© H$m Zm‘ nyN>m Am¡a gmaUr
‘| {‘bmZ {Mh²Z ~ZmE & Cgo {JZH$a g§»¶m {bImo & ZrMo {XE JE àíZm| Ho$ CËVa {bImo …
‘rR>m nXmW© {‘bmZ {Mh²Z ~ÀMm| H$s g§»`m
Obo~r
bS²>Sy>
Jwbm~Om‘wZ
Aݶ ‘rR>o nXmW©
D H$m¡Z-gm ‘rR>m nXmW© g~go A{YH$ ~ÀMm| H$mo ng§X h¡ ?
D bS²>Sy> ng§X H$aZodmbo ~ÀMm| H$s g§»¶m, Obo~r ng§X H$aZodmbo ~ÀMm| H$s g§»¶m go {H$VZr
A{YH$ h¡ ?
F ZrMo ~VmB© JB© OmZH$m[a¶m± EH$Ì H$amo & {MÌ ¶m {‘bmZ {Mh²Z H$m Cn¶moJ H$aHo$ OmZH$m[a¶m|
H$s Vm{bH$m ~ZmAmo &
D Vwåhmao dJ© Ho$ g^r ~ÀMm| Ho$ OÝ‘{XZ H$m¡Z-H$m¡Z-go ‘hrZm| ‘| AmVo h¢ ?
D Vwåhmao agmoB©Ka H$s {d{^ÝZ dñVwE± Am¡a CZH$s g§»¶m &
(O¡go - H$Q>mo[a¶m±, bmoQ>o, {Jbmg, Wm{b¶m±, ߶m{b¶m±, VíV[a¶m±, Må‘M B˶m{X &)
D Vwåhmao dJ© Ho$ {dX²¶m{W©¶m| H$mo H$m¡Z-gm nmbVy àmUr g~go A{YH$ ng§X h¡ ?
’y$b Ho$ nm¡Yo H$m Zm‘ {‘bmZ {Mh²Z Hw$b nm¡¡Yo
Jwbm~
Jw‹S>hb
~obm
M§nm
86
Bg Vm{bH$m X²dmam H$m¡Z-gr AbJ-AbJ OmZH$m[a¶m± {‘bVr h¢, CÝh| {bImo &
D H$m¡Z-gm ’$b g~go A{YH$ bmoJm| H$mo ng§X h¡ ?
D A‘ê$X ng§X H$aZodmbm| H$s g§»¶m, ------ ng§X H$aZodmbm| H$s g§»¶m go A{YH$ h¡ &
F ZrMo {XE JE àíZm| Ho$ CËVa kmV H$aHo$, OmZH$m[a¶m| H$s Vm{bH$m V¡¶ma H$amo &
D {dX²¶mb¶ ~§X hmoZo na Vwåhmao {dX²¶mb¶ Ho$ ~mhar ‘w»¶ {ZH$mg X²dma Ho$ Amgnmg, AnZo ~ÀMm| H$mo Ka bo OmZo Ho$ {bE {H$VZo Xþn{hE, {Vn{hE VWm Mm¡n{hE dmhZ I‹S>o ahVo h¢ ?
D Vwåhmao {dX²¶mb¶ ‘| bH$‹S>r, bmoho AWdm ßbmpñQ>H$ H$s {H$VZr Hw${g©¶m± h¢ ?
D Vwåhmao dJ© Ho$ {dX²¶m{W©¶m| Ho$ ~ñVm| Ho$ a§J H$m¡Z-H$m¡Z-go h¢ ?
D Vwåhmao dJ© Ho$ {dX²¶m{W©¶m| Ho$ Ka ‘| ^moOZ V¡¶ma H$aZo Ho$ {bE BªYZ Ho$ ê$n ‘| J¡g, {‘Q²>Q>r Ho$ Vob AWdm bH$‹S>r ‘| go {H$gH$m Cn¶moJ H$aVo h¢ ?
D AnZo Jm±d Ho$ Xg {H$gmZm| Ho$ nmg OmH$a, ¶h OmZH$mar EH$Ì H$amo {H$ à˶oH$ {H$gmZ Ho$ nmg {H$VZo nmbVy àmUr h¢ & (eha Ho$ {dX²¶mWu {H$gr g‘rnr Jm±d ‘| OmH$a ¶hr OmZH$mar àmßV H$a| &)
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88