PROVIDING INSIGHTSON THE EFFECTS OF
EARLY SPORT SPECIALIZATIONIN YOUTH ATHLETES
Paul Christianson, M.S.
JOPERD October 2010The Promises and Pitfalls of Sport
Specialization in Youth Sport
PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT/PERMANENT
IMPLICATIONSPSYCHOLOGICAL | PHYSIOLOGICAL
BIOMECHANICAL | MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT10,000 HOURS | 10 YEARS
Andres Ericcsen
"DELIBERATE PRACTICE"
(INSERT DEFINITION OF DELIBERATE PRACTICE)
DELIBERATE PRACTICE
SWING INSTRUCTOR | PERSONAL TRAINER | GOLF PSYCHOLOGISTNUTRITIONIST | OTHER EXPERTS
ONLY 10,000 HOURS!!
+ =
CAN YOU BLAME THEM?
MINIMAL RESOURCES
DO IT YOURSELF TAKE OUT A SECOND MORTGAGE
DO IT YOURSELF
EGO ORIENTATION
• Physical Conditioning• Repetitive Skill/Drill• Local Coach/Guru• Practice at Home• Parents Live Vicariously
Through Children
DO IT YOURSELFPRACTICE MAKES
PERFECT/PERMANENT
HIGH RISK IMPLICATIONSPSYCHOLOGICAL | PHYSIOLOGICAL
BIOMECHANICAL | MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
Overuse injuries. Burnout. Depression.
SPORT PREP ACADEMY• Physical Conditioning
• Mental Conditioning• Communication Training• Physical Therapy• Nutrition Training• Life Skills• College Placement
MASTERY ORIENTATION
SPORT PREP ACADEMYDELIBERATE PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT
LOW RISK IMPLICATIONS
PSYCHOLOGICAL | PHYSIOLOGICALBIOMECHANICAL | MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
CONTROLLED VARIABLES. No Parents.
THE GAME WITHIN THE GAMESKILL DEVELOPMENT
HOLISTIC DEVELOPMENTMULTIPLE "PILLARS"
PHYSICAL | MENTAL | COMMUNICATION | NUTRITIONLIFE SKILLS | VISION
JOPERD October 2010The Promises and Pitfalls of Sport
Specialization in Youth Sport
PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT/PERMANENT
IMPLICATIONSPSYCHOLOGICAL | PHYSIOLOGICAL
BIOMECHANICAL | MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
BRING THE ACADEMYTO THE PARENTS
AFFORDABLE
CONTROL FOR NEGATIVE VARIABLES ASSOCIATED WITH EARLY SPORT-SPECIALIZATION IN
YOUTH ATHLETES
References
American Academy of Pediatrics. (2000). Intensive training and sports specialization in young athletes. Pediatrics, 106, 154-157.Baker, J., & Combley, S. (2008). Does practice make perfect? The role of training in developing the expert athlete. In D.
Farrow, J. Baker, & C. MacMahon (Eds.), Developing Sport Expertise (pp. 29-42). New York: Routledge.Baker, J., Cobley, S., & Fraser-Thomas, J. (2009). What do we know about early sport specialization? Not much!. High Ability Studies, 20(1), 77-89.Baxter-Jones, A., Maffuli, N., & Helms, P. (1993). Low injury in rates in elite athletes. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 68, 130-132.Bloom, B. S. (1985). Developing talent in young people. New York: Ballantine.Branta, C. (2010). Sport Specialization: Developmental and Learning Issues. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 81(8), 1-58.Brenner, J. S. (2007). Overuse injuries, overtraining, and burnout in child and adolescent athletes. Pediatrics, 1119, 1242-1245.Brylinsky, J. (2010). Practice Makes Perfect and Other Curricular Myths in the Sport Specialization Debate. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 81(8), 1-58.Côté, J. (1999). The Influence of the Family in the Development of Talent in Sport. Sport Psychologist, 13(4), 395.
Ericsson, K. (Ed.). (1996). The road to excellence: The acquisition of expert performance in the arts and sciences, sports, and games. Hillsdale, NJ England: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
Ericsson, K., Krampe, R. T., & Tesch-Römer, C. (1993). The role of deliberate practice in the acquisition of expert performance. Psychological Review, 100(3), 363-406
Ericsson, K.A., & Charness, N. (1994) Expert performance: Its structure and acquisition. American Psychologist, 49, 725-747.
Gould, D. (2010). Early Sport Specialization: A Psychological Perspective. The Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 81(8), 33-37
Intensive Training and Sports Specialization in Young Athletes. (2000). Pediatrics, 106(1), 154.
Kaleth, A., & Mikesky, A. (2010). Impact of Early Sport Specialization: A Physiological Perspective. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 81(8), 1-58.
Landers, R. Q., Carson, R. L., & Bonnie Tjeerdsma, B. (2010). The promises and pitfalls of sport specialization in youth sport. The Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 81(8), 14-15.
Mattson, J., & Richards, J. (2010). Early Specialization in Youth Sport: A Biomechanical Perspective. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 81(8), 1-58.
