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Proposed Special Conservation Area (SCA) for the Lakewood
and Laona Districts of the Nicolet National Forest
Jeanette Jaskula, Monica Hauck-Whealton, and Sarah Wielgus
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What is the importance of a Special Conservation Area?
To maintain:- undisturbed water, soil, and air- diverse plant and animal communities- habitat for threatened or endangered species dependent on large, undisturbed areas of land- undisturbed reference landscapes
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SCA Goals
• Preserve 10,000 acres within the Lakewood and Laona Districts of the Nicolet National Forest as one patch or multiple patches
• Include areas that can be converted to roadless areas
• Include old-growth forest stands and riparian areas
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Importance of ForestRiparian Buffers
• Trap sediment and associated nutrients (road construction can be the largest source of sediment in forestry operations)
• Moderate stream temperatures• Provide cover and important organic debris
used as food by stream invertebrates• Reduce the impacts of downstream flooding by
reducing upstream flow
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Generalized Forest Types
• Conifers – Pine, Balsam Fir, Hemlock, Cedar, Tamarack
• Lowland Hardwoods – Ash, Elm, Maple
• Upland Hardwoods – Birch, Basswood, Beech, Maple
• Aspen/Birch
• Nonforested areas – sedge meadows, shrub swamps, bogs, marshes
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Forest Types in Lakewood SCA
Conifer
Lowland Hardwoods
Upland Hardwoods
Aspen/Birch
52%
14%
10%
24%
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Average Year of Origin of Forest Types in Lakewood SCA
1840
1860
1880
1900
1920
1940
1960
1980
2000
2020
Year of Origin
Conifers Lowland Hardwoods
Upland Hardwoods
Aspen/Birch
1932
1964
1924
1963
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18%
0%
67%
15%
Percent Acreage of Lowland Conifers in Lakewood SCA
1925 1937 1930
1908
Northern White Cedar
Tamarack
Mixed Swamp Conifers
Cedar, Aspen, Paper Birch
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Year of Origin of Mixed Swamp Conifers in Lakewood SCA
1880-1900
1901-1920
1921-1940
(81%)
(6%)
(13%)
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Acres of Old Growth in Forest Types in Lakewood SCA
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Total Acres
Old Growth
Conifers Lowland HW
Upland HW
Aspen/Birch
Acres65%
24%32%
29%
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Total Acreage in Lakewood and SCA for Three Timber Types
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
Acreage in Lakewood Acreage in SCA
26%
29% 12%
1.5%
2.3%
0.19%
Aspen-Birch
Upland Hardwoods
Red, Jack PineAcres
Lakewood SCA
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Tiarella cordifolia – Foamflower
• Endangered in Wisconsin
• Needs rich deciduous woods
comprised of sugar maple,
yellow birch, and basswood
WIDNR
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Botrychium mormo – Goblin fern
• Endangered in Wisconsin
• Associated with northern
mesic forests, particularly
sugar maple.
• Indicator of nutrient
rich sites
USF&W
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Red-Shouldered Hawk
• Threatened in WI
• Needs unfragmented, mature floodplain forests along rivers
• Needs large pines
20-70 ft. tall
WIDNR
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Percent Acreage of Forest Types in Laona SCA
Non-forested
7 % Conifer
28 %
Lowland HW
8 %
Upland HW
23 %
Aspen 34 %
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Average Year of Origin for Each Forest Type in Laona SCA
1800
1820
1840
1860
1880
1900
1920
1940
1960
1980
2000
2020
Yea
r of
ori
gin
Conifer Lowland HW Upland HW Aspen Non-Forested
19221930
19381976 1970
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Percent Acreage of Forest Types in Laona SCA vs. Laona District
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
Percent of
Forest Type
Upland HW
Aspen
Red / White PineDistrict
SCA
38.2 %
26.5 %
4 %
1.3 %2.7 %
2.8 %
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Total Acreage Comparisons for Timber Species
0%
10%
20%
30%
Laona SCA
Mixed Hardwoods
Sugar Maple
Quaking Aspen
26.6%23%
7%
1.7%
0.1%
0.2%
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SCA Distribution by Type
Non-Forested
Aspen-Birch
Conifers
Upland Hardwoods
12.2%
13.3%22.6%
51.5%
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Average Year of Origin by Type
Aspen-Birch
Non-Forested
Conifers
Upland Hardwoods
1971
UNK
1935
1923
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Average Year of Origin by Type
1850
1870
1890
1910
1930
1950
1970
1990
Conifer Upland Hardwood Aspen-Birch
1935 1923 1971
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Percent of Old-Growth in SCA by Type
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Conifers Lowland Hardwoods
Aspen-Birch
Acres
18%
100%
41%
Total Acres
Old Growth
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Algae-Like Pondweed (Potamogeton confervoides)
• Threatened in Wisconsin
• Grows in shallow water of inland lakes
WIDNR
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Braun’s Holly Fern (Polysticum braunii)
• Threatened in Wisconsin
• Grows in Sugar Maple and Basswood areas
• Needs cool, shaded sites; sensitive to logging activity
• Found in Lakewood and Laona districts
WIDNR
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Fairy Slipper (Calypso bulbosa)
• Threatened in Wisconsin
• Grows in Swamp Conifer and Tamarack areas
• Prefers sites with old-growth characteristics
WIDNR
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Total Acres for Forest Types in Lakewood and Laona vs. SCA
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
Acres
Conifers Low HW
Up HW Aspen Non-forested
LKWD/LAONA
SCA